A primer on dichotic listening as a paradigm for the assessment of hemispheric asymmetry

ABSTRACT

Dichotic listening is a well-established method to non-invasively assess hemispheric specialization for processing of speech and other auditory stimuli. However, almost six decades of research also have revealed a series of experimental variables with systematic modulatory effects on task performance. These variables are a source of systematic error variance in the data and, when uncontrolled, affect the reliability and validity of the obtained laterality measures. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of these modulatory variables and offers both guiding principles as well as concrete suggestions on how to account for possible confounding effects and avoid common pitfalls. The review additionally provides guidance for the evaluation of past studies and help for resolving inconsistencies in the available literature.     

枕大池二次注血法建立大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血模型及尼莫地平的脑保护作用

目的:建立一种适于研究蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)诱发脑血管痉挛(CVS)的大鼠模型,并探讨尼莫地平的脑保护作用.方法:将Wistar大鼠分为假手术组(枕大池内注入0.3 mL生理盐水)、SAH模型组(无抗凝自体血0.3 mL注入枕大池)及SAH尼莫地平治疗组(简称治疗组,建模后30 min及术后每日均腹腔注射尼莫地平0....     

卫生经济信息管理之财务控制

为保证财务管理得到有效控制，根据会计规范化要求，针对财务相关控制环节和关键控制点进行了二次开发，使整个控制流程各个执行环节完整严密，手续简便易行，便于考核和检查，实现了以票据管理为对象设置关键控制点、实时操作控制、事后输出处理控制、建立以业务收入和业务支出为主线的相关环节控制流程，计算机系统维护的控制等。     

Recurrent falls are associated with increased length of stay in elderly psychiatric inpatients

OBJECTIVES: To identify factors which may contribute to prolonged length of stay in an elderly psychiatric inpatient setting. DESIGN: Retrospective case note study. METHODS: A list of all patients over the age of 65 discharged from a private psychiatric hospital over a three-year period excluding those with a length of stay of over 365 days was obtained (n = 1147). A random sample of 150 patients was selected from the study population. A case note study was then performed looking at a number of variables which have been postulated to affect length of stay. The resulting data was analysed using multivariate statistics. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant association found between baseline factors (including age, gender, cognitive impairment, marital status, order of admission and preadmission living arrangement) and length of stay. Having recurrent falls whilst an inpatient was associated with prolonged hospital stay (p = 0.0006). CONCLUSION: Experiencing recurrent falls whilst an inpatient is associated with prolonged length of stay. Recurrent falls in the elderly may be associated with both physical illness and the use of psychotropic medications. A prospective study examining factors contributing to falls would be important in decreasing fall risk and reducing length of stay.     

多效降膜式蒸发器不同加料方法及出料方法的比较及其意义

进入蒸发器的料液的温度有两种,一种为低于沸点温度进料,一种为高于或等于沸点温度进料。低于沸点温度的料液在降膜式蒸发器中都要经过逐级预热的方式将料液预热至沸点或沸点以上的温度方可进入蒸发器中进行蒸发,在多效降膜式蒸发器中,加料方式也不尽相同。有并流加料法,逆流加料法及混流加料法。其中,以并流加料方法最为常见。采用什么样的加料方法及第几效出料是由物料的特性决定的。仅以TNJM03-6200型三效降膜式蒸发器在木糖生产中的应用为例进行比较阐述。     

Do Previous Operative Reports Provide the Critical Information Necessary for Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty?

An operative note is a vital component of a patient's medical-legal record, permitting the surgical team to safely administer perioperative care. Despite this critical function, operative note contents are neither standardized nor regulated; this is especially concerning in orthopedic surgery. As younger patients undergo total hip arthroplasty (THA) and outlive their prostheses, the need for revision THA cannot be ignored. Surgeons performing primary THA must be cognizant to record detailed implant characteristics to ensure that if necessary, the revision surgeon will have all pertinent information to optimally treat the patient. Our survey of operative notes reveals the dismal nature of component documentation during primary THA; implementation of a standardized procedure-specific operative note guideline may minimize incomplete dictations and drive surgeons to include all pertinent information.     

A synopsis of technical notes published in the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 2009/2010

Technical notes form an important part of the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (BJOMS). Many ideas are novel and some change practice. During 2009–2010, 39 technical notes were published in the journal, and they covered the whole remit of the specialty. In this article we briefly review and summarise these articles, and highlight the salient points.     

皮内注射布比卡因改善疝气修补术后疼痛

目的观察皮内注射布比卡因对疝气修补术后痛的镇痛效果。方法 42例行疝气修补手术的患者,随机分为两组,每组21例。B组为布比卡因组,手术结束时在T9～12脊神经分布区内右侧肋弓至髂前上棘之间,沿腋中线取4个点,皮内注射布比卡因;K组不注射任何药物。应用视觉模拟评分法（Q-VAS和C-VAS）观察患者切口疼痛,以及呼吸抑制、尿潴留等不良反应。结果 B组患者的Q-VAS和C-VAS评分明显低于K组,差异有极显著性;两组患者均无呼吸抑制和尿潴留发生。结论在相应神经节段皮内注射局麻药,可改善疝气修补术等创伤较小手术的术后疼痛。