调节性B淋巴细胞在视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者外周血中的表达和意义

背景 调节性B淋巴细胞(Breg)是一类具有负向免疫调节作用的细胞,在多种自身免疫性疾病中表达异常,视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)系自身免疫性疾病,目前关于Breg在NMOSD患者外周血中的表达和意义的研究较少。目的 研究Breg在NMOSD患者外周血中的表达和意义。方法 选取2019年6月—2021年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院神经内科收治的NMOSD患者55例作为NMOSD组,选取同期本院体检正常的健康志愿者50例作为对照组。运用流式细胞仪检测两组研究对象外周血中CD19⁺CD24^hiCD38^hi Breg、CD19⁺CD24^hiCD27⁺Breg的表达。采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测和比较两组研究对象血清中白介素10(IL-10)、白介素35(IL-35)和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的水平。结果 NMOSD组患者CD19⁺CD24^hiCD38^hi Breg、CD1...     

视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病一般临床特征和神经系统外表现研究

目的:研究视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSDs)的一般临床特点、神经系统外表现,并分析可能影响复发的临床因素.方法:回顾性收集NMOSDs患者55例为NMOSDs组,健康体检者36例为对照组,主要记录血常规、肾功能、肌酸激酶等指标、AQP4-Ab状态以及相关影像学检查结果,记录首发核心症状、复发次数等临床特征.结果:NM...     

视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病脊髓病变的临床及影像学研究

目的 分析视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）脊髓病变临床及影像学特点。方法 选取2013年1月至2016年12月安徽医科大学第三附属医院收治的符合2015年NMOSD诊断标准国际共识、以急性脊髓炎为主要表现的NMOSD患者6例,回顾分析患者临床资料、影像学表现及特点。结果 6例患者的脊髓MRI均可见纵向延伸≥3个椎体节段的T₂高信号,3例患者连续节段超过7,1例患者存在延髓受累。病灶连续横贯在脊髓中心或脊髓灰质（铺状态下选择70%位于灰质）,呈对称性的圆形及H形。1例患者可见亮点灶。6例患者中脊髓肿胀有2例,3例表现为条索状,1例为斑片状。结论 NMOSD脊髓病变患者以运动障碍为主要表现,视神经受累预示着高复发几率。纵向延伸≥3个椎体节段T₂高信号是NMOSD的常见表现。亮点灶对于NMOSD具有鉴别意义,早期诊断NMOSD,早期启动有效的免疫抑制治疗是预后的关键。     

多肽C16/Ang1联合胎盘间充质干细胞对视神经脊髓炎大鼠的保护作用

目的:评价多肽C16/血管生成素1(Ang1)联合胎盘来源间充质干细胞(PDMSCs)治疗大鼠视神经脊髓炎(NMO)的效果.方法:分离培养大鼠PDMSCs,通过脑室及脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射水通道蛋白4(APQ4)抗体与人补体C5蛋白诱导大鼠NMO模型,将大鼠分为5组,即正常组、NMO模型组、PDMSCs组、C16/Ang1...     

视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病研究进展:中国学者海外报道

视神经脊髓炎是中枢神经系统炎症性脱髓鞘性疾病,特征性临床表现为严重的视神经炎和横贯性脊髓炎。随着其特异性抗体NMO-Ig G的发现,"视神经脊髓炎"的定义发生巨大变化,此后又提出"视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病"的概念。近年来,我国学者关于视神经脊髓炎/视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的研究日益增多。本文拟就2010年以来我国学者在国外杂志发表的关于视神经脊髓炎/视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病的发病机制、NMO-Ig G与疾病关系、诊断与治疗、基因检测等方面进行简要综述。     

High serum neurofilament levels among Chinese patients with aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

BackgroundSerum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a promising biomarker for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), but there is limited validation data in specific ethnic and disease groups.ObjectiveTo investigate the levels of sNfL in a cohort of Chinese patients with NMOSD and compare sNfL levels in patients with different disease courses and treatments.MethodsWe analysed sNfL levels in 153 Chinese patients with NMOSD (n = 51) and MS (n = 102) using single-molecule array (Simoa) technology. The sNfL levels were compared with those of 71 healthy controls from two centres in southern China. For each disease, we assessed correlations between sNfL and disease phases and treatments.ResultsHigher levels of sNfL were found in the patients with NMOSD [17.97 (10.55–27.94) pg/mL] and MS [15.83 (8.92–25.67) pg/mL] compared to healthy controls [10.09 (7.19–13.29) pg/mL, p < 0.001]. No significant differences were found between the AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD group and OCB-positive MS group.ConclusionssNfL measured by Simoa technology is a potential candidate blood biomarker for the diagnosis and disease monitoring of NMOSD in Chinese patients, warranting further prospective and multicentre studies.     

Acute and subacute myelopathy

Myelopathy is a term referring to any pathologic process affecting the spinal cord, and encompasses a broad spectrum of etiologies. The first step is to categorize myelopathy, according to the time to reach maximum deficit. Myelopathies are commonly classified as acute, subacute or chronic, for which the etiologies are totally different. Myelopathy is considered acute when the symptoms progress to their nadir in maximum 21 days after onset. Due to heterogeneity in pathogenesis, and the overlap in the clinical and imaging presentation among etiologies, acute myelopathy is considered as a diagnostic dilemma. A simple and efficient algorithm for timely identification of the underlying cause is thus useful. In this review, we provide a simplified approach for the differential diagnosis among all causes of acute myelopathies, and describe the principal clinical and imaging features of the main etiologies in adults, including recently characterized antibody-mediated myelitis, and its mimics.