外置注入式婴儿培养箱消毒装置的实现原理及设计

该研究首先阐述了婴儿培养箱消毒的重要性,然后从臭氧的消毒机理展开讨论,根据婴儿培养箱的结构特点和臭氧消毒的优势,结合临床应用得到臭氧消毒的实现原理,提出一种外置注入式婴儿培养箱消毒装置的设计方法。该设计通过在婴儿培养箱箱体外安装一套消毒装置,利用该装置中的电子臭氧发生器现场制取臭氧消毒气体,经输气管将臭氧消毒气体注入婴儿培养箱箱体内,在一定浓度和时间的作用下达到消毒的目的,为婴儿培养箱消毒提供了一套安全有效、简单实用的臭氧消毒方法,且该消毒装置具有设计合理、创意新颖、制作简单、操作方便,以及消毒无死角、无二次残留污染等优点。     

Development of a neonatal incubator with phototherapy,biometric fingerprint reader,remote monitoring,and heart rate control adapted for developing countries hospitals

This paper aims to develop an automatic neonatal incubator equipped with phototherapy, biometric fingerprint reader, remote monitoring and heart rate control modules for developing countries due to the lack of neonatal incubators. The proposed device consists of an acquisition module that senses temperatures (of the enclosure and the baby) and humidity, a biometric fingerprint reader to identify the user, a remote monitoring module in charge of supervising the temperature and the heart rate of the baby, a video surveillance module which allows filming and transmitting the images to the web server in order to give parents and nurses the possibility of being able to visualize whatever their location the newborn baby, a phototherapy module used to treat newborn jaundice by lowering the bilirubin levels in the baby's blood, a digital control module from a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generated by a microcontroller of Arduino Nano type for system operation monitoring, and a human machine interface module for setting parameters. The equations describing the energy balance and heat transfer for newborn baby (Ostrowski and Rojczyk, 2018) are taken into account for the implementation of power supply and the choice of the heating resistor. The desired temperature of 37 °C was obtained after only a few minutes inside the incubator.     

不锈钢罐孵育系统对绵羊胚胎体外发育效果的影响

实验旨在测定绵羊植入前胚胎在304不锈钢罐孵育器内的发育能力,为建立稳定的胚胎体外培养环境提供研究基础。本试验以绵羊孤雌激活胚胎和体细胞克隆重构胚作为测试样品,以不锈钢罐和MIC-101孵育器为研究对象进行比较。在不锈钢罐中培养效果同MIC-101相比,孤雌激活胚胎第7 d囊胚发育率达26.45%vs 24.84%(P>0.05);重构胚第7 d囊胚发育率达16.07%vs 16.84%(P>0.05)。结果表明,在密闭的304不锈钢罐内,气体环境和湿度水平保持稳定,符合绵羊早起胚胎体外培养所需环境。304不锈钢罐组合标准混合气体和恒温箱,是一种价格适宜、环境稳定、有效的、可供选择的早期胚胎体外培养孵育系统。     

Hazards of non coherent light sources as determined by the framework of IEC TR-60825-9

An overview is provided of the scope and application of IEC TR 60825-9 in determination of hazards of non coherent optical radiation sources. Specific areas reviewed in detail include those relating to hazards of ultraviolet radiation, retinal thermal hazard and blue light photochemical hazard. The effect of spectral temperature on relative risk relating to retinal thermal hazard and blue light photochemical hazard are outlined. Assessment of risk factors of these hazards was determined using a range of measurement devices including spectral radiometer, broad band power meter and a locally developed device for determination of pulse profile of pulsed light sources.     

POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF KANAMYCIN AND INCUBATION IN NEWBORN CHILDREN WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

ABSTRACT: In an acoustico-vestibular follow-up investigation of 91 four- to six-year-old children with birth weight below 2 000 g, the same incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (19 %) was found in 54 children treated with kanamycin in the neonatal period as in a group of 37 infants not treated with kanamycin. When comparing a group of children treated with both kanamycin and incubator (54 children) with a group treated with incubator only (16 children), no definite signs of synergism between incubator noise and kanamycin were found. However, the 5 cases of moderate or severe hearing loss all belonged to the group treated with both incubator and kanamycin. These 5 children had more severe neonatal complications, especially apnea, cyanotic spells and hyperbilirubinemia, which may increase the severity of the hearing loss.
Among 56 incubator treated children with normal hearing (ISO standards) 52% had an audiogram pattern suggesting minor noise-provoked cochlear lesions. Among 18 non-incubator treated children with normal hearing only one child (6%) had a similar pattern. It should be stressed, however, that these children had no clinical symptoms of hearing loss.     

基于DSl8820的婴儿保温箱测温系统研究

本文对婴儿保温箱的测温系统进行了改良，采用了一种新型数字式温度传感器DS18820，用DS18820和AT89S52单片机开发了一种自动温度测控系统，给出了DS18820与AT89S52的接线图。为婴儿保温箱的温度控制提供了良好的基准。降低了整个系统的功耗，简化了结构，使得性能更加稳定。     

广州地区使用婴儿恒温箱不加水的可行性研究

目的探讨处于亚热带的广州地区使用婴儿恒温箱不加水的可行性。方法每月中旬由护士用同一个湿度表测量同一类型恒温箱的相对湿度并进行登记。结果全年恒温箱中相对湿度在49％～67％，处于新生儿适宜的相对湿度范围。结论广州地区使用婴儿恒温箱，对足月儿不必加水可保证适宜的相对湿度，但对早产低体重儿尤其是极低体重儿在干燥的冬季可按常规加水保证婴儿恒温箱的相对湿度，以减少新生儿不显性失水，有利于早产极低体重儿体重的恢复。     

使用婴儿培养箱患儿的医院感染相关因素分析及对策

目的 分析使用婴儿培养箱患儿医院感染相关因素,提出对策.方法 对医院儿科2005年1月-2008年9月使用婴儿培养箱发生的医院感染病例进行回顾性分析.结果 205例使用婴儿培养箱的患儿共发生感染14例,医院感染率为6.82%;抵抗力差、卫生观念淡薄、不严格执行清洁消毒制度和手卫牛规范、基础护理不到位、培养箱湿度高均是发生医院感染的危险因素.结论 严格清洁消毒制度和手卫生规范,合理使用抗菌药物,加强基础护理和护理管理等可以降低医院感染发生率.     

暖箱内早产儿体温测量方式及时间的探讨

目的探讨暖箱内早产儿测量体温方式及时间,以便更好地指导临床护理工作。方法将100例早产儿的3 min、5 min、10 min背部温度测量值与腋窝温度测量值进行对照。结果暖箱内早产儿体温背部测量法与腋窝测量法相同时间内所测体温值差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。背部测量法3 min、5 min、10 min两两相比较,5 min与10 min所测体温值相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);3 min与5 min、10 min比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论暖箱内早产儿体温背部测量法与腋窝测量法一样能较准确获得早生儿的真实体温,测温时间为5 min,既可以减少暖箱内早产儿不适,又可减轻护士工作量,安全有效,方便实用,值得临床应用和推广。     

婴儿培养箱温度过载控制的原理及检测方法的验证

本文结合GB11243-2008《医用电气设备第2部分:婴儿培养箱安全专用要求》中温度过载控制的要求,对婴儿培养箱的作用、温度过载控制的原理及检测方法的验证作了简要的概述和分析。