氯化血红素固体分散物的研制及其分散特征评价

目的:探讨氯化血红素固体分散物的制备及其分散特征的评价.方法:采用溶剂熔融法制备氯化血红素固体分散物,用差示热量扫描(DSC)图谱、红外光谱、X-射线衍射图谱的变化鉴定药物在载体中的分散特征;并对其溶解度和累积溶出速率进行考察.结果:结果显示,以氯化血红素为主药,聚乙二醇6000(PEG6000)为载体制成的固体分散物中,氯化血红素是以分子状态分散在载体中;经溶解度和累积溶出速率的测定,固体分散物溶解度为原药的49倍,固体分散物较原药在30 min时的累积溶出速率提高了22倍.结论:制成固体分散物后,形成填充型固体溶液,氯化血红素的溶解度和溶出速率均得到显著提高,提示本工艺可行,同时也为氯化血红素新制剂的研究提供科学依据.     

Redox-reactive antiphospholipid antibody differences between serum from Alzheimer's patients and age-matched controls

There is no universally acceptable inclusive laboratory biomarker for the diagnosis and staging of neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Alzheimer's. There is an abnormal increase of oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) of Alzheimer's patients that causes oxidation of proteins, lipids and DNA. We have published that the antiphospholipid (aPL) autoantibodies that are members of the redox-reactive autoantibody (R-RAA) family, are significantly decreased or absent in the cerebrospinal fluids of autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Because of the known elevation of oxidation-induced damage in the CNS and the abnormal enrichment of redox reactive metals in postmortem AD brains, we questioned if the R-RAA in the blood of AD patients might also show a departure from the normal aPL levels. We compared 16 AD serum samples to 17 serum samples, from age-matched volunteer blood donors. Each serum was tested before and after oxidation for four aPL specificities by using an in-house ELISA. Comparisons between the AD and normal populations revealed highly significant differences. In-sample Fisher's linear discriminate analysis found a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 94%. In-sample Classification and Regression Tree analysis (CART) found a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 100%. This study is the first to indicate that blood tests for R-RAA may be used as a laboratory criterion for an Alzheimer's diagnosis.     

Heme Oxygenase-1 Modulates Mesangial Cell Proliferation by P21Waf1 Upregulation

Mesangial cell (MC) proliferation is a hallmark of many progressive renal diseases. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to have an anti-proliferative effect on vascular smooth muscle cells. In the present study, we evaluated the role of HO-1 on MC proliferation and the involved molecular mechanism. Both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) not only enhanced mesangial cell HO-1 expression but also stimulated proliferation of MCs. Interestingly, inhibition of HO-1 induction (by zinc protoporphyrin, ZnP) was associated with an accelerated mitogenic response to EGF and HGF in MCs. Induction of HO-1 was associated with enhanced mesangial cell p21 expression. On the other hand, hemoglobin and ZnP inhibited mesangial cell p21 expression. It appears that the effect of HO-1 on MC growth may be mediated through upregulation of p21 expression.     

正铁血红素改善链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠肝损伤

目的 探讨血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)诱导剂正铁血红素和抑制剂锌原卟啉对糖尿病大鼠肝功能的影响及相关机制.方法 以链脲佐菌素腹腔注射诱导糖尿病SD大鼠模型,大鼠分为对照组、糖尿病组、正铁血红素组和锌原卟啉组.应用试剂盒检测各组大鼠血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性,肝组织匀浆总抗氧化能力(TAOC)和丙二醛(MDA);逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测肝脏组织白细胞介素1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)mRNA表达水平.结果 与对照组比较,糖尿病组大鼠血清AST、ALT、肝组织MDA、IL-1、TNF-α mRNA水平均明显增高(P＜0.01或＜0.05),分别是(91.59±12.38) U/L vs (50.19±12.65)U/L、(45.64±9.68) U/L vs (15.55±7.79) U/L,(0.81±0.22) nmol/mg vs (0.50±0.08) nmol/mg、12.32±3.51vs 7.02±1.99、22.24±4.48 vs 10.54±2.36;TAOC下降(P＜0.05);与糖尿病组大鼠比较,正铁血红素组大鼠ALT、TNF-α表达水平明显下降,TAOC增高(P＜0.05或＜0.01);锌原卟啉组大鼠较糖尿病组大鼠FFA、ALT、AST、MDA均有明显上升(P＜0.05或＜0.01),而TAOC下降(P＜0.05).结论 HO-1诱导剂正铁血红素可改善糖尿病大鼠肝损伤,而其抑制剂则加重肝脏损伤.     

氯化血红素口服液的研制和疗效观察

 氯化血红素（ｈｅｍｉｎ）用于治疗缺铁性贫血已逐渐受到人们的重视。本文介绍了氯化血红素口服液的制备、质量标准和药理学试验。并与葡萄糖酸亚铁进行临床对照治疗１８０例小儿缺铁性贫血。试验结果表明，两药的治愈率有高度显著性差异（Ｘ￣２＝１５．６８，Ｐ＜０．００５）；总有效率无显著性差异。本品无胃肠副作用，是一种理想的治疗缺铁性贫血制剂。     

大鼠5/6肾切除肾脏中血红素氧合酶-1免疫组织化学及病理学研究

目的:探讨血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)在慢性肾功能不全(CRF)大鼠肾脏中的表达、活性变化以及对肾脏病理学的影响。方法:将5/6肾切除大鼠分为假手术组、CRF组和Hemin组。第2次术后8周观察肾组织病理学改变，免疫组化方法检测HO-1在大鼠肾脏中的表达、分布，检测血清及肾组织中HO-1活性。结果:HO-1主要分布于肾皮质的近端、远端小管以及肾髓质的集合管、髓袢的上皮细胞内；HO-1在CRF大鼠肾脏中表达及活性降低。病理学检查显示，Hemin组大鼠肾小球系膜增生程度明显低于CRF组大鼠，同时肾间质炎性细胞浸润及纤维化程度也较CRF组轻。结论:HO-1在CRF大鼠肾脏中表达及活性降低，HO-1可明显减轻CRF大鼠肾脏病理学损伤，延缓肾脏病变。