门控心肌显像结合GS Quant软件评价左室功能

目的:评价GS Quant软件结合99mTc-甲氧基异TN(MtBI)门控心肌断层显像(G-SPECT)测定左室射血分数(LVEF)的价值。方法:选择24例于同期2周内完成G-SPECT、门控心血池显像(RNA)和超声心动图检查(UCG)的患者,比较3种方法所测定的LVEF值。结果:99mTc-MIBI G-SPECT所测得的LVEF值与RNA和UCG法所测得的LVEF值均有较好的相关性,相关系数r分别为0.81(P<0.05)和0.76(P<0.05)。结论:99mTc-MIBI G-SPECT所测定的LVEF值有很好的准确性和可重复性,具有较高的临床应用价值,可进一步推广应用门控核素心肌断层显像这一技术。     

Correct positioning for cardiac angiography: Insights from mri

The recommended angiographic projections for optimally demonstrating various cardiac structures vary, and do not always achieve their aim. To determine the most appropriate radiographic projections to optimally demonstrate cardiac structures, we reviewed the orientations of major cardiac structures and the associated great vessels, as demonstrated by axial MRI. Measurements were made from 187 MRI examinations of the heart. These measurements confirmed that the optimum angiographic projections for various cardiac structures are at variance with a number of the recommended views. Recommendations for the angiographic projections most likely to provide optimum display of various cardiac structures and associated great vessels in different patient populations are presented. © 1993 Wiiey-Liss, Inc.     

以造影增强磁共振血管成像术诊断先天性主动脉弓畸形

目的评价造影增强磁共振血管成像术（CE-MRA）对先天性主动脉弓畸形的诊断准确性并与超声心动图等比较。方法413例先天性主动脉弓畸形病例在1999年4月到2004年12月期间做了CE-MRA检查。年龄5d～11岁，平均年龄2.4岁。检查使用1.5T磁共振扫描仪。对比剂gadolinium-DTPA，剂量0.2mmol／kg体质量，手动静脉注射。磁共振检查前均已做心脏超声检查。结果在413例中，动脉导管未闭（PDA）166例，主动脉缩窄（COA）168例，主动脉弓中断（IAA）31例，双主动脉弓等其他先天性主动脉弓畸形48例。全部413例均经手术和／或X线心血管造影证实。CE-MRA的诊断准确率为97.3％（402／413），心脏超声检查的诊断准确率为87.2％（360／413）。结论对于先天性主动脉弓畸形，CE-MRA是可靠的影像学检查方法，不仅优于心脏超声检查，有时CE-MRA甚至能比传统的X线心血管造影术提供更多的诊断信息。     

Recurrence rate after successful coronary angioplasty

Among 356 consecutive patients with successful TCA performedbetween October 1977 and June 1983 follow-up angiograms wereperformed in 333 patients (94%). A total of 439 follow-up angiogramsat 1–48 (average 5.6) months after successful angioplastywere analysed. Restenosis rate was 12% if defined as remaining widening ofless than 20% compared with the situation before angioplasty.It was 16% if defined as loss of at least half of the initialgain in luminal diameter, and 17% if defined as increase fromimmediate post-TCA-stenosis of 30% or the loss of at least halfof the initial gain in luminal diameter. This value droppedto 15% if the subgroup of 30 patients with second TCA and of14 patients with dilatation of an aortocoronary bypass stenosiswere excluded; in both subgroups recurrence rate was higher(33% and 45%, respectively). The observed restenosis rate isless than 50% of that reported by the PTCA registry of the NHLBI.Several factors can possibly be responsible for the reductionin restenosis rate: selection of patients; technique of TCA;medical treatment during and after TCA; modification of riskfactors, compliance of patients; unknown factors. Long-term medical treatment with acetyl salicylic acid, nitratesand calcium blockers in high doses is considered to be mostprobably responsible for the favourable results.     

Measurement of left-ventricular volumes using an internal standard

When performing equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography with two successive acquisition views, absolute left-ventricular volumes can be calculated using an internal standard generated by a computer in the left-ventricular cavity. The method is based on the computed ratio of maximum to global activity in the 40°-left-anterior-oblique view after background correction and on the measured depth of the left ventricle in almost-orthogonal, 30°-left-posterior-oblique Fourier first-harmonic images. The method does not require blood sampling or correction for self attenuation. The intra- and interobserver reproducibility is excellent, even in patients with severe impairment of the ventricular-contractility pattern. When compared with a classical method requiring venous-blood counting and an attenuation correction factor, the accuracy of the internalstandard method was fairly good, with a regression coefficient of 0.90.     

Parametric assessment of myocardial perfusion during interventional cardiac catheterization by means of X-ray densitometry-short-and long-term results

Summary X-ray densitometric evaluation of digital subtraction angiocardiograms allows an assessment of myocardial perfusion by means of the parameter MEAN RISE TIME (MRT), defined as the time from the onset of local myocardial contrast medium opacification to the point of maximum opacification. Best results are obtained when the response of that parameter is compared before and after stimulation of coronary flow by papaverine. A prolongation of this parameter, especially after papaverine, was indicative of an impairment of myocardial perfusion, when compared to the results obtained by TL-201 scintigraphy.In 50 patients with single vessel coronary artery disease the results of MRT pre and post papaverine before and after coronary angioplasty, as well as after 6 months were evaluated for 204 post-stenotic regions-of-interest. Before angioplasty papaverine induced a significant prolongation of post-stenotic MRT (2.3s ± 0.9s vs. 3.1s ± 0.8s; p<0.01), while after successful angioplasty post-stenotic MRT was measured significantly shorter after stimulation of coronary flow (2.6s ± 1.0s vs. 1.9s ± 0.9s; p<0.01). This indicated an improvement in myocardial perfusion. Nevertheless, 16/50 patients still presented pathological results of post-stenotic MRT after papaverine, although angioplasty was regarded successful. These patients presented a markedly higher rate of restenosis (14/16 patients after 6 months), a higher rate of dissections at the dilatation site and a higher rate of dilated vessels, supplying myocardial areas after a Q-wave myocardial infarction.Thus, these results demonstrate the additional information about the short-and long-term outcome of an angioplasty procedure by densitometric myocardial perfusion analysis.     

Radioisotope assessment of heart damage in hypertransfused thalassaemic patients

Twenty-five thalassaemic patients treated with repeated blood transfusion (BT) and intensive iron removal therapy were studied by echocardiography and rest/stress equilibrium gated radionuclide angiocardiography (EGNA). Stress left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) showed an important negative correlation with number of BTs (r = –0.75). Abnormal values of stress LVEF were measured after 200 BTs: these data demonstrate the effectiveness of stress LVEF in the follow-up of patients who have undergone repeated BTs and the clinical importance of intensive chelation therapy. Peak filling rate did not show diagnostic value in the early detection of iron cardiotoxicity. However, its inverse correlation with BT (r = –60) indicates that iron overload depresses the diastolic parameters.     

CT肺动脉造影定量参数评估中心肺栓塞患者右心功能及预后

目的探讨CT肺动脉造影定量参数评估中心肺栓塞患者右心功能及预后的价值。方法回顾性分析200例中心肺栓塞患者,住院期间死亡35例(死亡组)、存活165例(存活组);对比2组患者CT肺动脉造影定量参数及右心功能。结果与存活组比较,死亡组患者CT肺动脉阻塞指数及右心室短轴最大径(RVSAMD)、RVSAMD/左心室短轴最大径(LVSAMD)、肺动脉直径均增加(P均0.001),2组LVSAMD差异无统计学意义(P=0.131)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,CT肺动脉阻塞指数、RVSAMD、RVSAMD/LVSAMD和肺动脉直径增加是中心肺栓塞患者死亡的危险因素(P均0.05)。Pearson线性回归分析显示,CT肺动脉阻塞指数、RVSAMD/LVSAMD、肺动脉直径与RVSAMD均呈正相关(P均0.05)。结论 CT肺动脉造影定量参数对预测中心肺栓塞患者右心功能和预后具有一定价值。     

经胸超声和X线在室间隔缺损封堵器选择中的价值研究

目的 探讨经胸超声心动图(TTE)和X线在室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵器(伞)选择中的价值.方法 对比分析TTE常规两切面和X线对268例VSD缺损的测量,以及伞释放后腰径的测量,将TTE和X线所测缺损与选用的封堵器大小进行回归分析.结果 268例VSD均封堵成功,TTE五腔切面与X线测量缺损数值最为接近(P＞0.05).TTE与X线测量伞腰径差异有显著性(P＜0.05),X线测值较准确.通过TTE两切面及X线对缺损的测量,得出伞号与缺损之间的相关公式(P＜0.05).结论 TTE和X线在VSD封堵器选择中互为补充,均发挥重要作用,以回归公式指导封堵器选择准确可靠.     

卡托普利对急性心肌梗塞恢复期病人左心功能的干预

本文采用核素心室造影技术，分析20例急性心肌梗塞恢复期病人左心功能结果提示：LVEF、FF1／3明显下降，与正常组比较，P＜0．05。这些病人经口服卡托普利24～32周以后，LVEF、FF1／3、PFR、TPF均有明显改善，与治疗前比较，P＜0．001。结论：卡托普利能够改善急性心肌梗塞病人心功能状态。