选择性腰升静泳造影与碘水脊髓造影对腰椎间盘突出的诊断价值

52例疑为L_(4-5)或L_5～S_1椎间盘突出的患者,同时行选择性腰升静脉造影(SALV)和碘水脊髓造影.43例手术和病理证实46个椎间盘突出.本文对两种检查方法诊断准确性,适应性和并发症进行了比较.临床疑诊为腰椎间盘突出者,脊髓造影可疑或正常,SALV是有诊断价值的.     

术前静脉造影对静脉管壁及其吻合效应的实验研究

以动物实验模拟行静脉造影后,肉眼观察,并以透射电镜和扫描电镜动态观察经灌注固定的局部静脉管壁和内皮细胞的改变,发现造影剂回流的静脉管壁在较长的时间内处于扩张状态,同时穿刺注射造影剂的部位出现较严重的淤血和血栓形成。内皮细胞连接有较广泛裂开、剥离及内皮下组织暴露。在受损严重的区域还可见有微血栓形成。造影1天后内皮细胞受损最为严重,至第3天基本恢复。血管吻合实验表明,术前3天静脉造影不影响直径为2.5mm静脉的吻合通畅率。     

下肢静脉病变顺、逆行造影的诊断价值

目的:探讨下肢静脉病变顺、逆行造影X线表现与病理改变的关系。方法:回顾性分析86例(119侧)下肢静脉病变顺、逆行造影X线表现。结果:顺行造影显示原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜关闭不全84侧,交通静脉瓣膜关闭不全14侧,单纯性瓣膜关闭不全11侧,静脉瘤或弥漫性血管湖6侧,先天性下肢静脉发育异常4侧。逆行造影显示0级13侧,Ⅰ级58侧,Ⅱ级21侧,Ⅲ级19侧,Ⅳ级8侧。结论:下肢静脉病变顺、逆行同时造影能更好地显示下肢浅、深静脉瓣膜功能,为临床诊断或治疗提供非常有价值的依据。     

110例精索静脉曲张临床分析

本文报告60年代以来我院收治的精索静脉曲张110例。其中左侧占96.36％,右侧占2.73％,双侧占0.9％。发病高峰年龄在16～20岁之间。已婚病人40％伴有不育症。经手术治疗的病人至少有15％以上精索静脉曲张持续或复发。通过总结,作者认为治疗不能一味强调哪种术式优越,而应通过精索内静脉造影来了解情况,只有因人而异确定治疗方案才是科学的,合理的。     

Predictors of venous obstruction following pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation: a contrast venographic study on 100 patients admitted for generator change, lead revision, or device upgrade.

AIM: Venous obstruction following transvenous device implantation rarely cause immediate clinical problems. When lead revision or device upgrade is indicated, venous obstruction become a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of venous obstruction after transvenous device implantation, and to asess likely effects of antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs in preventing venous thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between March 2005 and July 2006, contrast venography was performed in 100 patients who were candidates for generator change, lead revision, or device upgrade. Vessel patency was graded as either completely obstructed, partially obstructed (>70%), or patent. The incidence of venous obstruction was 26%, with 9% of patients having total obstruction and 17% of patients exhibiting partial obstruction. No statistically significant differences between obstructed and non-obstructed patients were seen for age, sex, indication for device implantation, atrial fibrillation, cardiothoracic ratio, insulation material, operative technique, device type, and manufacturer (all Ps > 0.05). In a univariate analysis, multiple leads (P = 0.033), and presence of dilated cardiomyopathy (P = 0.036) were associated with higher risk of venous obstruction, whereas anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy (P = 0.047) significantly reduced incidence of venous obstruction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only number of the leads (P = 0.039, OR: 2.22, and 95% CI: 1.03-4.76) and antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy (P = 0.044, OR: 2.79, and 95% CI: 0.98-7.96) were predictors of venous obstruction. CONCLUSION: Total or partial obstruction of the access veins occurs relatively frequently after pacemaker or ICD implantation. Multiple pacing or ICD leads are associated with an increased risk of venous obstruction, whereas antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy appears to have a preventive effect on development of access vein thrombosis.     

直接增强MR下肢静脉造影对深静脉血栓的诊断价值

目的分析直接增强MR下肢静脉造影对深静脉血栓的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析24例患者的直接增强MR下肢静脉造影的成像资料,其中17例的MRI资料与超声资料进行比较研究。结果24例中4例为阴性,2例为单纯浅静脉曲张,18例为深静脉血栓;与超声对照,17例MRI下肢静脉造影的敏感性和特异性分别为92.3%、93.8%。结论应用直接增强MR下肢静脉造影的方法显示深静脉是可行的,其敏感性和特异性较高。     

间接下肢CT静脉造影检查的初步研究

目的评价间接下肢CT静脉造影检查在下肢静脉血栓诊断中的价值.方法本组共收集8例有下肢肿胀病例10人次行该方法检查.结果 10人次间接下肢CT静脉造影轴位像显示良好,依据静脉横径增粗和静脉内充盈缺损均可诊断下肢深静脉血栓.结论间接下肢CT静脉造影检查较下肢静脉造影术和超声在诊断下肢深静脉血栓方面有一定的优势,方法易行、易普及.     

256层CT下肢静脉成像评价Klippel-Trenaunay综合征

目的探讨256层CT下肢静脉成像在Klippel-Trenaunay综合征的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经临床和影像学检查确诊的7例KTS患者的临床及影像学资料,观察其CT下肢静脉成像的影像特征。结果本组7例患者CT下肢静脉成像均显示浅静脉曲张及患肢皮下静脉畸形,其中伴有深静脉病变4例（3例深静脉狭窄,1例深静脉闭塞）。结论多层CT下肢静脉成像是KTS有效和可靠的影像检查方法,对于指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

下肢深静脉造影方法的改进(附33例分析)

目的 :探讨改进下肢深静脉造影方法的可行性。方法 :3 3例 3 9条下肢 ,在深静脉顺行造影明确下肢静脉回流通畅后 ,随即行经皮静脉穿刺插管造影 ,检查每一对股腘静脉瓣膜的功能。结果 :3 8条下肢为原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全 (PDVI) ,单纯性大隐静脉曲张 1条 ,均属静脉倒流性疾病。深静脉倒流程度 0° 1条、2° 3条、3° 2 1条、4° 14条。结论 :将顺行和经皮腘静脉插管造影合并进行 ,是一次性解决下肢深静脉诊断的可行方法