48例易性癖患者围手术期的心理护理

目的：探讨易性癖患变性手术的心理状态。方法：对48例易性癖患行变性手术前后实施有针对性的心理护理。结果：有效的心理护理能进一步改善变性手术患的心理状态，促进易性癖患心理康复。结论：针对易性癖这一特殊群体，开展积极有效的心理护理，对不良心理的康复至关重要。     

Female-to-male transgender quality of life

Objectives: We evaluated health-related quality of life in female-to-male (FTM) transgender individuals, using the Short-Form 36-Question Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2).Methods: Using email, Internet bulletin boards, and postcards, we recruited individuals to an Internet site (), which contained a demographic survey and the SF36v2. We enrolled 446 FTM transgender and FTM transsexual participants, of which 384 were from the US.Results: Analysis of quality of life health concepts demonstrated statistically significant (p<0.01) diminished quality of life among the FTM transgender participants as compared to the US male and female population, particularly in regard to mental health. FTM transgender participants who received testosterone (67%) reported statistically significant higher quality of life scores (p<0.01) than those who had not received hormone therapy.Conclusions: FTM transgender participants reported significantly reduced mental health-related quality of life and require additional focus to determine the cause of this distress. Providing this community with the hormonal care they request is associated with improved quality of life.     

Transsexual subtypes: clinical and theoretical significance

The present study was designed to investigate whether transsexuals can be validly subdivided into subtypes on the basis of sexual orientation, and whether differences between subtypes of transsexuals are similar for male-to-female (MF) and female-to-male transsexuals (FMs). Within a large transsexual sample (n = 187), homosexual and nonhomosexual subjects were compared on a number of characteristics before the start of treatment. Differences within MF and FM groups were also investigated. Homosexual transsexuals were found to be younger when applying for sex reassignment, reported a stronger cross-gender identity in childhood, had a more convincing cross-gender appearance, and functioned psychologically better than nonhomosexual transsexuals. Moreover, a lower percentage of the homosexual transsexuals reported being (or having been) married and sexually aroused while cross-dressing. The pattern of findings was different for MFs and FMs. No differences between homosexuals and nonhomosexuals were found in height, weight, or body mass index. A distinction between subtypes of transsexuals on the basis of sexual orientation seems theoretically and clinically meaningful. The results support the notion that in the two groups different factors influence the decision to apply for sex reassignment. The more vulnerable nonhomosexual transsexuals may particularly benefit from additional professional guidance before and/or during treatment.     

Radiological evaluation of vaginal width and depth in male-to-female transsexuals by the use of magnetic resonance imaging

Nowadays, the surgical treatment of male-to-female transsexuals is not rare, but few studies have reported on postoperative results. The aim of this study was to determine the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of the results of sex reassignment surgery (SRS) in male-to-female transsexual patients. Ten such patients (median age 28 years, range 21–47), who had undergone SRS using an inversion of combined penile and scrotal skin flaps for vaginoplasty, were examined with MRI after the operation. Turbo spin-echo T2-weighted and spin-echo T1-weighted images were obtained on sagittal, coronal, and axial planes with a 1.5 T superconducting magnet. The images were acquired on the sagittal, coronal and axial planes, by using TSE T2 weighted and SG T1 weighted images. MRI was performed within 2 weeks after the operation in six patients and after 1 year in the other four. In all cases, the images were obtained with and without an inflatable silicon vaginal tutor. The average neovaginal depth was 7.9 cm (range 6–10 cm). In four patients, MRI showed the presence of cavernosal rests, and in two there were remnants of the corpus spongiosus. In another patient, an abnormal anterior inclination of the neovagina was present. The average distance of the recto-vaginal septum was 4 mm (range 3–6 mm). No major complications were noted. Our study allowed not only a detailed assessment of the pelvic anatomy after genital reconfiguration, but also provided valuable information on possible complications.     

Knowledge of and Attitude Toward Transsexualism Among College Students

Transsexualism is characterized by, among other things, an aspiration for sex reassignment surgery. The aim of this review was to determine the extend of the knowledge and the approach of Lodz college students toward transsexualism and to find out what rights students would grant to transsexual persons. The questionnaire studies were carried out in a group of 300 students. The studied group consisted of 51% of men and 49% of women with the median age of 23.2 ± 1.1 years. About 53.6% of questionnaired students gave correct answer to the question of the definition of transsexualism. Most of questionnaired students think that transsexuals should have the possibility of legal change of name (67%) or undergoing hormonal therapy (70%) and surgical treatment (63.5%). Most of respondents were against the refunding hormonal therapy (63.4%) and surgical treatment (65.6%) from social insurance. The knowledge of students from Lodz universities about transsexualism is comparable with that of their foreign counterparts. Student’s attitude toward legal and surgical sex change in transsexuals is positive. Female students show greater understanding of transsexual needs than male students.     

Value of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of sex-reassignment surgery in male-to-female transsexuals

Background: We investigated the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of sex-reassignment surgery in male-to-female transsexual patients.Methods: Ten male-to-female transsexual patients who underwent sex-reassignment surgery with inversion of combined penile and scrotal skin flaps for vaginoplasty were examined after surgery with MRI. Turbo spin-echo T2-weighted and spin-echo T1-weighted images were obtained in sagittal, coronal, and axial planes with a 1.5-T superconductive magnet. Images were acquired with and without an inflatable silicon vaginal tutor. The following parameters were evaluated: neovaginal depth, neovaginal inclination in the sagittal plane, presence of remnants of the corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa, and thickness of the rectovaginal septum.Results: The average neovaginal depth was 7.9 cm (range = 5–10 cm). The neovagina had a correct oblique inclination in the sagittal plane in four patients, no inclination in five, and an incorrect inclination in one. In seven patients, MRI showed remnants of the corpora cavernosa and/or of the corpus spongiosum; in three patients, no remnants were detected. The average thickness of the rectovaginal septum was 4 mm (range = 3–6 mm).Conclusion: MRI allows a detailed assessment of the pelvic anatomy after genital reconfiguration and provides information that can help the surgeon to adopt the most correct surgical approach.