甲状腺病变患者血清Leptin的浓度变化

目的探讨甲状腺病变患者血清瘦素(leptin)浓度的变化及意义.方法本文用放射免疫分析(RIA)方法测定了114例甲状腺病变患者血清Leptin和总睾酮(TT)的浓度.结果统计学处理结果显示各病变组男性与正常对照组男性间,Leptin和TT的浓度差异均有显著性意义.结论血清Leptin的浓度变化可作为了解甲状腺病变患者营养状况的辅助指标.     

The prevalence of TT virus (TTV) infection and its relationship to hepatitis in children

TT virus (TTV) is a newly discovered virus from a patient with post-transfusion hepatitis. We investigated the frequency and pathogenesis of TTV infection in children. A semi-nested PCR assay was used to amplify TTV-DNA in serum samples from 254 ambulatory children without liver disease, 20 with hepatitis of unknown etiology, and 18 transfusion recipients or hemophiliacs. In positive samples, TTV-DNA was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR using a fluorescent probe. We detected TTV-DNA in 20% of children with hepatitis of unknown etiology, which was not statistically different from the 23% prevalence in ambulatory children. In transfusion recipients or hemophiliacs, the frequency was higher (50%) than that in ambulatory children (P = 0.01). Among ambulatory children, TTV-DNA was frequently detected in children with acute gastroenteritis (36%). TTV-DNA was detected in 10% of the infants under 6 months old, and 20% of the children from 7 to 12  months old. The prevalence was constant after the age of 1 year; however, the copy number of TTV-DNA was significantly higher in children under 1 year of age (mean: 10^5.4 versus 10^3.8 copies/ml, P= 0.008). Finally, TTV-DNA was quantified serially in three children with chronic hepatitis who were positive for TTV-DNA. The presence or amount of TTV-DNA was unrelated to the serum alanine aminotransferase level. These results indicate that TTV infection is common in children. The larger quantity of TTV-DNA in infants and the high prevalence of TTV in children of all ages suggest that TTV may be transmitted in early childhood. Its relationship to hepatitis is doubtful in children. Received: 8 April 1999     

青岛地区TTV抗体阳性人群的病毒基因检测及序列分析

（1）目的 了解经血传播病毒（TTV）在青岛地区的基因变异情况。（2）方法 选择TTV抗体阳性的标本,用巢式PCR技术扩增血清中的DNA特定片段,纯化后与载体连接并转入大肠杆菌JM109,提取阳性克隆的重组质粒测序并与TTV的已知序列相比较。（3）结果 在选择的20例标本中,15例扩增出TTV DNA,对其中1株测序后与已知序列AB008394比较,发现碱基变异率为13．3％。（4）结论 青岛地区存在TTV变异株。     

TT病毒对干扰素的敏感性及其临床意义分析

目的 :探讨各种肝病 TTV- DNA阳性的临床意义 ,并对丙型慢性肝炎的干扰素疗效及 TT病毒对干扰素敏感性进行研究。方法 :利用半套式 PCR方法检测 TTV- DNA。结果 :TTV- DNA阳性者非甲～丙型急性肝病 4 0 .9%、乙型急性肝病 30 %、非甲～丙型慢性肝病 2 5 %、乙型慢性肝病 37.5 %、丙型慢性肝病 39.6 %。对丙型慢性肝炎进行干扰素治疗的 TTV- DNA阳性 10 1例病例和阴性 15 4例间的年龄、性别、AL T、肝组织学及 HCV- RNA量差异无显著性 ,干扰素治疗后的 AL T变化和 HCV- RNA的消长是一致的 ,和 TT病毒无关。结论 :TT病毒和丙型肝炎病毒重复感染的慢性肝炎患者 ,肝损伤的主要原因是丙型肝炎病毒 ,与 TT病毒关系不大     

血液透析患者中TT病毒感染的检测及序列分析

目的：研究血液透析患中TT病毒（TTV）的感染状况及其致病性。方法：针对病毒基因保守区设计引物,采用套式PCR方法对69例血液透析患血清标本进行TTVDFNA检测及序列分析。并同时检测患血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）及丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）。结果：患血清TTVDNA总阳性率为27.5%。对其中1例PCR扩增产物测序。结果与其他TVV分离株如GH1、TA278、TTVCHN1和TTVCHN2的核苷酸序列同源性为89%-100%,推测的氨基酸序列同源性为87%-100%。抗-HCV阳性与阴性患的TTV DNA阳性率无明显差异。所有患均未见ALT明显升高。结论：血液透析患存在较严重的TTV感染与HCV感染无明显相关性。未发现TTV感染导致ALT明显升高的证据。     

育龄期妇女不同剂次破伤风类毒素免疫的效果观察

为观察不同剂次破伤风类毒素（ＴＴ）的免疫效果,对我省郑州市金水区、密县、辉县和三门峡市８５８名育龄期妇女分别进行１．２、３剂次免疫。结果显示,经１、２、３剂次ＴＴ免疫后,抗毒素均可达到较高水平,分别为０．２５ＩＵ／ｍｌ、１．００３ＩＵ／ｍｌ、１．０９３ＩＵ／ｍｌ,保护率分别达到８４１％、９６．５％、９１１％．     

大理地区正常人血清TT_3、TT_4水平

对比大理地区健康汉族人与白族人血清总三碘甲状腺原氨酸（ＴＴ３）、总甲状腺素（ＴＴ４）含量,建立本地区健康人ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４正常参考值。方法：对１００７例健康人（汉族６９１例,白族３１６例）进行血清ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４、ＲＩＡ检测。结果：健康汉族人与白族人血清ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４测定值相近,经统计学处理无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）;６０～７５岁年龄组的健康老年人血清ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４含量比其他年龄组明显降低（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：经检测得出的各年龄ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４水平,不论白族或汉族,男性或女性,均可作为正常参考值;６０岁以上健康老人ＴＴ３、ＴＴ４含量低于其他年龄是老年人正常的生理变化。     

Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo

Previous results in experimental systems have suggested that hydroxylated PCBs may decrease thyroid hormone levels through associative interaction with transthyretin. In the present paper it was investigated whether this property was also shared by various industrial chemicals, mainly pesticides. In total, 65 compounds from 12 chemical groups were analyzed for direct interference with the T4 binding site of transthyretin using a competitive binding assay. Sixty per cent of the compounds were competitive at a concentration level of 100 M. Relatively strong interactions were observed by several chlorophenols, chlorophenoxy acids and nitrophenols, as well as by individual compounds such as hexachlorobenzene, dicofol, bromoxynil and tetrachlorohydroquinone. Examples from these chemical groups, e.g. pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid, dinoseb and bromoxynil, also reduced plasma TT4 levels in rats. In addition, bromoxynil decreased plasma TT3 levels. The results suggest the existence of a number of halogenated industrial chemicals with a potential for lowering plasma thyroid hormone levels through interference with hormone transport carriers.     

不同人群TTV检测及阳性标本核苷酸序列分析

目的了解不同人群TTV感染状况及基因型别，探讨TTV传播途径。方法设计合成引物采用半套式聚合酶链反应方法，对献血者、肝炎病人、幼儿及母婴配对等4组人群血清进行TTV DNA的PCR检测并对部分阳性株进行序列测定及分析。结果(1)在457份被检血清中检测出TTV DNA阳性111份，总阳性率24．29％。在血清转氨酶(ALT)正常的96份献血者血清标本中TTV DNA阳性检出率为16．6％，而在ALT异常、HBsAg及抗HCV阴性的99份献血者血清标本中，TTV DNA的阳性检出率为36．3％，明显高于ALT正常献血者。(2)在72例不同肝炎病人血清中，TTV DNA阳性检出率为54．16％；在非甲一庚型肝炎病人中TTV DNA阳性率为87．5％，高于甲一庚型肝炎的病人中TTV DNA阳性率。(3)110份体检幼儿血清中，共检出TTV DNA阳性14份，总检出率为12．73％。(4)一对母婴配对血清的TTV DNA同时阳性且序列相同。(5)12个阳性株序列分析结果显示：11株分属于G1、G2 2个基因型的5个亚型，而另1株与Gla、Glb的同源性为74．8％～80．2％。结论(1)献血者人群中存在TTV感染，TTV可以导致感染个体的肝功能异常。(2)TTV感染与肝炎有关，可能是非甲一庚型肝炎的病原之一。(3)TTV可能存在血源途径外的其它传播选径；TTV存在母婴垂直传播途径。     

藏药紫金标抗HSV-1的作用机理研究

目的 :探讨紫金标抗单纯疱疹Ⅰ型病毒 (HSV-1)的作用及机理 ,为进一步开发该药提供理论依据。方法 :采用不同剂量的紫金标作用于适量HSV-1感染的Vero细胞 ,以 50%组织细胞感染量 (TCID₅₀ ) ,细胞病变效应(CPE) ,MTT法和核酸分子杂交作为评价指标。结果 :MTT法测得紫金标的 50 %抑制浓度 (IC₅₀ )为 29.46mg·L^-1,50%中毒浓度 (TC₅₀ )为 1 077mg·L^-1,治疗指数 (TI)为 36.56 ,结果表明紫金标有明显抑制HSV-1的作用 ,其作用强度和有效时间与药物浓度成正比。紫金标无直接灭活HSV-1的作用 ,也不能影响病毒的释放 ;但可干扰HSV -1对宿主细胞的吸附。不同浓度的紫金标能明显抑制HSV-1gD基因复制和mRNA表达。结论 :紫金标具有显著的抗HSV-1的作用 ,能抑制HSV-1对宿主细胞的吸附以及抑制HSV-1gD基因复制与转录。