支持教育对乳腺癌患者化疗期间焦虑、抑郁和自我效能感的影响

目的：探讨支持教育对乳腺癌患者化疗期间焦虑、抑郁和自我效能感的影响。方法选取80例2013年1-10月完成术后第1化疗疗程,焦虑自评量表（ SAS）和抑郁自评量表（ SAS）标准分50～59分的乳腺癌患者,按入选顺序随机分为研究组和对照组各40例,再进行一般自我效能感量表（GSES）测评,对照组患者给予肿瘤化疗常规护理和心理护理,研究组患者在对照组的基础上给予Orem自理模式支持教育系统干预,所有病例于第2和第3疗程结束的次日再次进行SDS、SAS、GSES测评,将所得数据进行统计学分析。结果干预后,第2疗程对照组与研究组SDS评分分别为（50．20±2．26）,（47．70±3．96）分;SAS评分分别为（51．55±2．81）,（48．60±4．56）分;GSES评分分别为（1．76±0．31）,（2．06±0．41）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为8．797,10．223,14．585;P＜0．01）：第3疗程对照组和研究组SDS评分分别为（47．50±2．32）,（43．65±4．44）分;SAS 评分分别为（47．55±3．39）,（43．05±5．62）：GSES评分分别为（1．85±0．34）,（2．27±0．41）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为10．466,11．473,28．283;P＜0．01）。结论支持教育护理模式提高患者的一般自我效能感,明显改善患者焦虑、抑郁状态,值得在临床护理推广。     

Adolescent mothers: Support needs, resources, and support-education interventions

Adolescent mothers are prone to live in poor conditions, lack adequate financial resources, suffer high stress, encounter family instability, and have limited educational opportunities. These factors contribute to inadequate parent-child interactions and diminished infant development. Social support can promote successful adaptation for adolescent mothers and their children. This review article describes the support needs and challenges faced by adolescent parents and their children, the support resources available to and accessed by adolescent parents, and existing support-education intervention studies, to provide directions for future research. Relevant research published between January 1982 and February 2003 was obtained from online database indices and retrieved article bibliographies. Frequently encountered problems included small sample sizes and attrition, lack of suitable comparison groups, and measurement inconsistencies. When planning support-education interventions, content, duration, intensity, mode, level, intervention agents, and targets should be considered. Future research can address these challenges.