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排序方式: 共有6545条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Albert J Finestone Michael R Jacobs John A Cacciamani 《Clinical Interventions in Aging》2007,2(4):715-718
Critical to survival is the geriatric concept, allostasis, defined as the ability to achieve stability through change. It is appropriate that allostasis is an introduction to this commentary, which may partially apply to the medical and pharmacy profession as currently constituted. 相似文献
2.
We describe how adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can play an important role in pharmaceutical research and drug development. Not only do ADRs represent the risks and drawbacks associated with drugs but they can also be related to other knowledge available in pharmaceutical and medical research. We offer a model that can be used to systematically map the pathways through which ADRs can lead to innovative research. These pathways include chemical, therapeutic or pathophysiological steps that can be taken to arrive at new knowledge based on ADRs. We used the development of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, especially captopril, as a case study. The similarity between the ADR profiles of captopril and penicillamine was a starting point for further innovation. Historical analysis shows that in several instances research in the field of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors has been triggered by ADRs. The model presented here might be applicable to other areas of innovative drug research. 相似文献
3.
Simulation of space adaptation syndrome on earth 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
W. J. Ockels R. Furrer E. Messerschmid 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1990,79(3):661-663
Summary The three Spacelab D-1 Scientist Astronauts were exposed to a 11/2 h 3 g centrifuge run in the supine position, resulting in a linear 3 g acceleration in the x-direction. They used their space experience to evaluate their readapting to normal gravity and compared their observations with Space Adaptation Syndrome. After the centrifuge runs, the vestibular visual system appeared to be modified in a very specific and reproducible manner. Readapting to the normal 1 g environment took at least 6 h. During this period there was a striking similarity to the astronaut's experience during adaptation to weightlessness in space. A series of vestibular tests were then performed, confirming these subjective findings. 相似文献
4.
Evaluation of the theory of cardiac-output computation from transthoracic impedance plethysmogram 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ken-ichi Yamakoshi Tatsuo Togawa Hiroshi Ito 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》1977,15(5):479-488
To analyse the limit of the stimation of stroke volume by thoracic impedance plethysmography (SVz), we considered an elastic tube forced with a trapezoidal flow input as a model of the aorta, and, based on Kubicek's equation, the volume input (SVa) was related to its impedance change via the model system parameters such as elasticity, fiuid inertia, peripheral resistance, total impedance across the tube and the rise and fall time of the input. SVz is equal to SVa only when the inflow is a square wave. The ratio SVz/SVa decreases with increasing input rise time, while it increases with increasing fall time, if the maximum flow rate and ejection time of the inflow are held constant. SVz hardly changes in association with changes in elasticity, fluid inertia, peripheral resistance or total impedance. A part of the results, the relationship between SVz, transthoracic total impedance and aortic flow waveform, was also demonstrated in dogs. 相似文献
5.
A simple numerical simulation of AIDS patient detoxification by a hypothetical extracorporeal device for the removal of viruses, infected white cells, and syncytia has been designed. The mathematical model accounts for healthy blood white cells attacking and destroying the viruses, while at the same time the viruses attack and infect certain white cells. The infected white cells serve as a site for viral growth; eventually the cells lyse, releasing a large number of viruses into the blood stream. The healthy white cells and infected white cells combine to form syncytia, where the virus multiplies, and finally the syncytium ruptures releasing all the virus. This model can be used to predict concentrations over a specified period for the patient. This is a mathematical model to be used as a research and design tool only. 相似文献
6.
教育心理学和教学效益相关性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
陈峰 《中国健康心理学杂志》2005,13(1):1-3
本研究在罗马尼亚Oradea大学医药学院进行,始于1998年,结束于2003年。研究的出发点为该学院的学生们提出不少的教师,包括一些国内外知名的学者和医生,因缺乏教育心理学知识,不能很好地理解学生,组织教学和传授知识。因此,本研究设置了问卷调查,学院向教员开设了教育心理学课程(1998年10月~1999年7月),与学生和教师座谈,统计并比较学生的考试成绩,特别地跟踪研究全国年度(1999年~2003年)医学证书汇考结果。研究结果客观地证实了教育心理学能够提高学习(工作)效益和成果,因为教育心理学知识使得教师(和医师)更好地与学生(或病人)沟通、理解和组织、合作。 相似文献
7.
A. F. M. Verbraak J. E. W. Beneken J. M. Bogaard A. Versprille 《Medical & biological engineering & computing》1995,33(6):776-783
A computer controlled mechanical lung model has been developed for testing lung function equipment, validation of computer
programs and simulation of impaired pulmonary mechanics. The construction, function and some applications are described. The
physical model is constructed from two bellows and a pipe system representing the alveolar lung compartments of both lungs
and airways, respectively. The bellows are surrounded by water simulating pleural and interstitial space. Volume changes of
the bellows are accomplished via the fluid by a piston. The piston is driven by a servo-controlled electrical motor whose
input is generated by a microcomputer. A wide range of breathing patterns can be simulated. The pipe system representing the
trachea connects both bellows to the ambient air and is provided with exchangeable parts with known resistance. A compressible
element (CE) can be inserted into the pipe system. The fluid-filled space around the CE is connected with the water compartment
around the bellows; The CE is made from a stretched Penrose drain. The outlet of the pipe system can be interrupted at the
command of an external microcomputer system. An automatic sequence of measurements can be programmed and is executed without
the interaction of a technician. 相似文献
8.
9.
D. Bryan Hughes Richard Rodriguez 《International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics》1981,7(12):1725-1726
The use of standard cutouts made of pressed wood1 and lead solder is advocated for treatment simulation of blocked fields. The advantages offered are the ability to see “through” the block and the capability of planning simple or complex blocking within the limits of existing lead block shapes. 相似文献
10.
新型药物开发制备过程中,需要对药物颗粒进行粒子设计,通过多层微胶囊化而得到复合包覆药物颗粒。药物包覆、微胶囊制备方法很多,可分为化学法、物理化学法、物理法。本文着重介绍了制备复合多层包覆药物颗粒的几种物理机械方法:复合杂化系统,高速椭圆转子混合法、喷流床包覆法。简要分析了该技术用于中药现代化加工的可能性。 相似文献