Three-year duration of benefit from abciximab in patients receiving stents for acute myocardial infarction in the randomized double-blind ADMIRAL study

Aims The Abciximab Before Direct Angioplasty and Stenting inMyocardial Infarction Regarding Acute and Long-term Follow-up(ADMIRAL) study demonstrated that early inhibition of the plateletglycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb/IIIa) receptor with abciximabled to improved coronary patency, left ventricular function,and clinical outcomes. The current long-term follow-up studyevaluated the durability of the positive outcomes. Methods and results The randomized double-blind ADMIRAL trialenrolled 300 patients who received either abciximab plus stentingor placebo plus stenting for the treatment of ST-elevation myocardialinfarction (STEMI). Abciximab (bolus of 0.25 mg/kg bodyweight, followed by 12 h infusion of 0.125 µg/kgper min) was administered to 149 patients, whereas 151 patientsreceived placebo. Long-term follow-up was conducted in a blindedmanner by either patient chart review or telephone interview.Long-term follow-up data were obtained on 288 patients (96%).After 3 years, using an intent-to-treat analysis, the outcomeof all-cause mortality occurred in 9.1% of abciximab-treatedpatients when compared with 12.2% of placebo patients, absoluteand relative risk reductions of 3.1 and 25%, respectively (P=0.36).Parallel Kaplan–Meier curves were observed for the cumulativeincidence of death or re-infarction, which was reduced from16.9% in the placebo group to 11.8% in the abciximab group,absolute and relative risk reductions of 5.1 and 30%, respectively(P=0.20). Rates of recurrent ischaemia were significantly reducedfrom 21.7 to 11.5% (P=0.05). Conclusion Adjunctive abciximab to primary stenting for STEMIelicits favourable clinical outcomes with the same absoluterisk reductions of hard clinical outcomes from 30 days up to3 years of follow-up.     

Role of oxidative stress,angiogenesis and chemo-attractant cytokines in the pathogenesis of ischaemic protection induced by remote ischaemic conditioning: Study of a human model of ischaemia-reperfusion induced vascular injury

Aims

We explored the effect of remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) on endothelial function and on circulating mediators.

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者提前肝素化的疗效评价及风险观察

目的探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者提前肝素化的疗效及风险。方法选取2019年5月至2020年5月我院收治的160例STEMI患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组各80例。治疗组给予提前肝素化PCI术治疗,对照组给予常规肝素化PCI术治疗。比较两组的TIMI血流分级、不良事件发生率以及治疗前后的症状评分、 LVEF。结果术后,治疗组的TIMI血流0~1级率低于对照组,3级率高于对照组(P <0.05)。治疗后,两组的症状评分均低于治疗前,LVEF水平均高于治疗前(P<0.05);治疗组的症状评分低于对照组,LVEF水平高于对照组(P <0.05)。治疗组的不良事件发生率低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 PCI术提前肝素化可以提高灌注效果,有效缓解STEMI患者的病情,改善患者心功能,改善预后,且具有较高的安全性。     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊介入术中血栓抽吸对缺血修饰性白蛋白的影响

目的评价在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者急诊介入术中血栓抽吸对缺血修饰性白蛋白（IMA）的影响。方法选择2009年5月至2010年8月收治的STEMI患者共92例,其中急诊介入术加血栓抽吸治疗者为血栓抽吸组（n=45）,同时期条件相当仅行急诊介入治疗患者作为标准PCI组（n=47）,比较两组的基础资料及IMA、脑尿钠肽（BNP）和肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）情况。结果两组术后30minIMA比术前明显升高（P〈0．05）,且血栓抽吸组低于普通PCI组,3h逐渐降到术前水平。BNP在术后明显升高（P〈0．05）,而肌酸激酶同工酶在术后12h到达峰值,血栓抽吸组均低于术后同时间普通PCI组。结论IMA可作为心肌缺血早期诊断的重要指标之一,血栓抽吸能改善介入治疗后心肌微灌注并减少心肌酶的释放,从而减少心肌梗死面积。     

Decreased door-to-balloon time in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction during the early COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea: An observational study

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in a marked decrease in the number of patient visits for acute myocardial infarction and delayed patient response and intervention in several countries. This study evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of patients, patient response time (pain-to-door), and intervention time (door-to-balloon) for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).Patients with STEMI or NSTEMI visiting a hospital in South Korea who underwent primary coronary intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 29, 2020, to December 31, 2020) were compared with those in the equivalent period from 2018 to 2019. Patient response and intervention times were compared for the COVID-19 pandemic window (2020) and the equivalent period from 2018 to 2019.We observed no decrease in the number of patients with STEMI (P = .88) and NSTEMI (P = 1.00) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to that in the previous years. Patient response times (STEMI: P = .39; NSTEMI: P = .59) during the overall COVID-19 pandemic period did not differ significantly. However, we identified a significant decrease in door-to-balloon time among patients with STEMI (14%; P < .01) during the early COVID-19 pandemic.We found that the number of patients with STEMI and NSTEMI was consistent during the COVID-19 pandemic and that no time delays in patient response and intervention occurred. However, the door-to-balloon time among patients with STEMI significantly reduced during the early COVID-19 pandemic, which could be attributed to decreased emergency care utilization during the early pandemic.     

ST 段抬高心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入中室颤发生的分析

目的:分析ST 段抬高心肌梗死在急诊冠脉介入中发生室颤(VF)的临床特征和冠脉造影特点.方法:对50例接受急诊冠脉介入治疗的ST段抬高心肌梗死患者进行回顾性研究,根据术中有无室颤将患者分为两组,其中9例发生心室颤动(VF组),41例患者没有发生心室颤动(无VF组).比较两组的临床特征与冠脉造影的差异.结果:两组患者的基线特征相似.VF组冠脉内溶栓占33.3%,无VF组冠脉内溶栓2.4%,两组统计学上有显著性差异(P<0.05).VF组三支病变占77.7%,无VF组占33.3%,两组统计学上有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:(1)在ST段抬高的心梗患者在急诊冠脉介入时室颤发生可能与冠脉内急性闭塞处血栓负荷有关.(2)在ST段抬高的心梗患者在急诊冠脉介入时室颤发生与冠脉病变严重程度有关.     

麝香保心丸联合冠脉内注射尼可地尔对STEMI患者PPCI术后心肌血流灌注及近期预后的影响

目的观察麝香保心丸联合冠脉内注射尼可地尔对ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者PPCI术后心肌血流灌注及近期预后的影响。方法入选2017年1月至2018年1月就诊联勤保障部队第九〇〇医院行直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PPCI)术后的STEMI患者共151例,按随机数字法分为常规治疗组(A组)51例、冠状动脉内注射尼可地尔组(B组)50例和麝香保心丸+冠状动脉内注射尼可地尔组(C组)50例。比较术中校正的TIMI帧数(corrected TIMI frame count,cTFC)、术后TIMI 3级血流比例、2 h心电图ST段回落>50%指数、住院期间主要心血管不良事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE)发生率以及术后3个月内心绞痛等级和MACE发生率等指标。结果 B、C组在术中即刻c TFC、术后2 h心电图ST段回落>50%指数均优于A组(P<0.05),C组结果优于B组;术后3个月内心绞痛分级C组优于A、B组(P<0.05)...     

简单风险指数对急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者住院死亡率的预测价值

目的：评价简单风险指数（SRI）对急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死（STEMI）病人住院死亡率的预测价值。方法：心内科CCU收住的符合条件的STEMI病人共133例为研究对象,比较死亡组与存活组一般临床资料、ST段抬高导联数、ST抬高指数（STI）、治疗方案及SRI值的差别,分析各计量资料的相关关系,检验全部观察变量中影响预后的主要因素。结果：两组年龄、ST段抬高导联数、SRI值存在显著差异（P〈0．05）;SRI与ST抬高导联数具统计学意义的正相关关系（r=0．305）;Logistic回归分析显示SRI及ST抬高导联数是STEMI预后的独立危险因子。结论：SRI评分越高,病人心脏受损的导联数越多,死亡危险性越大,SRI是STEMI病人住院死亡的快速、有效预测因子。     

Case Report: Severe Hypercalcemia Mimicking St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

The identification of ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram is an integral part of decision making in patients who present with suspected ischemia. Unfortunately, ST-segment elevation is nonspecific and may be caused by noncardiac causes such as electrolyte abnormalities. We present a case of ST-segment elevation secondary to hypercalcemia in a patient with metastatic cancer.     

Advances in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions for Elderly Patients

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and the most common cause of death in older adults. Paradoxically, elderly patients tend to be systematically excluded from randomized-controlled cardiovascular trials, which complicates decision-making in this population. Management of CHD in the elderly is frequently more difficult in virtue of chronic comorbid conditions and aging-intrinsic dynamics. Despite these challenges, the number of elderly and very elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is increasing. Elderly patients in many registries and large clinical series exhibit even a greater benefit from interventional procedures than younger patients, but they have a higher rate of overall complications. We present an overview of the current available evidence of PCI in older adults with stable and unstable CHD, including comparisons between drug-eluting and bare-metal stents, transfemoral and transradial access, and methods of revascularization. Adjuvant antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapies are also discussed.