脉冲式加压注射法治疗下肢深静脉血栓的疗效观察

目的探讨经导管不同注射法注射尿激酶治疗下肢深静脉血栓的效果。方法将86例下肢深静脉血栓采用介入法插入多侧孔溶栓导管的术后患者随机分为经导管脉冲注射法（实验组）和经导管微量注射泵恒速注射法（对照组）注射尿激酶,每组43例。结果实验组显效时间明显短于对照组（P〈0．01）,效果明显优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论经导管脉冲式注射法注射溶栓药物尿激酶见效快、安全、可靠,是治疗深静脉血栓高效的治疗方法,近期疗效显著,值得推广。     

脉冲多普勒检测二尖瓣环运动速度评价高血压患者左室舒张功能

目的　探讨脉冲多普勒检测高血压患者舒张期二尖瓣环运动速度评价左室舒张功能的应用价值。方法　运用二尖瓣血流多普勒法检测 30例高血压患者和 2 0例正常人舒张期血流速度 E、A及 E/ A,同时降低仪器滤波 ,减小脉冲多普勒增益及仪器总增益 ,运用脉冲多普勒检测二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度 E 、舒张晚期运动速度 A 及 E / A 。结果　与正常组比较 ,高血压组 E峰明显降低 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,E/ A显著降低 (P<0 .0 1) ;高血压组二尖瓣环 E 和 E / A 亦显著低于正常组 (P<0 .0 1) ;对高血压患者 E / A 比值组成分析 ,部分 E/ A>1的患者E / A <1。结论　利用脉冲多普勒可清晰获得二尖瓣环运动频谱 ,评价左室舒张功能是客观的 ,尤其对二尖瓣血流呈假性正常化的舒张功能减退者。     

In vivo cardiac imaging of adult zebrafish using high frequency ultrasound (45-75 MHz)

The zebrafish has emerged as an excellent genetic model organism for studies of cardiovascular development. Optical transparency and external development during embryogenesis allow for visual analysis in the early development. However, to understand the cardiovascular structures and functions beyond the early stage requires a high-resolution, real-time, noninvasive imaging alternative due to the opacity of adult zebrafish. In this research, we report the development of a high frequency ultrasonic system for adult zebrafish cardiac imaging, capable of 75 MHz B-mode imaging at a spatial resolution of 25 microm and 45 MHz pulsed-wave Doppler measurement. The system allows for real-time delineation of detailed cardiac structures, estimation of cardiac dimensions, as well as image-guided Doppler blood flow measurements. In vivo imaging studies showed the identification of the atrium, ventricle, bulbus arteriosus, atrioventricular valve and bulboventricular valve in real-time images, with cardiac measurement at various stages. Doppler waveforms acquired at the ventricle and the bulbus arteriosus demonstrated the utility of this system to study the zebrafish cardiovascular hemodynamics. This high frequency ultrasonic system offers a multitude of opportunities for cardiovascular researchers. In addition, the detection of E-flow and A-flow during the ventricular filling and the appearance of diastolic flow reversal at bulbus arteriosus suggested the functional similarity of zebrafish heart to that of higher vertebrates.     

脉冲组织多普勒成像技术对急性心肌梗死后不同治疗方案的评估

目的应用脉冲组织多普勒成像(PWDTI)技术评价急性心肌梗死(AMI)后不同治疗方案对心脏整体及局部室壁功能的改变.方法 AMI患者58例其中经皮冠脉内干预治疗经皮冠状动脉内干预治疗(PCI)组24例,溶栓组22例,保守治疗组12例;采用PWDTI定量测定患者治疗1周时二尖瓣环及局部室壁运动速度,同时行常规超声心动图检查,并于梗死后1个月及3个月进行随访.结果二尖瓣环S波峰速度(Vs)、e波峰速度(Ve)、e/a、S波速度时间积分(VTIs)、S波峰加速度(ACCs)等参数PCI组与溶栓组在治疗后1周至1个月和3个月时均比保守组有显著增大(P<0.05),在1个月时PCI组Vs大于溶栓组(P<0.05).PCI及溶栓组的Vs、VTIs、ACCs在1周至1个月及1周至3个月时明显增大,而保守组仅代表收缩功能的VTIs及ACCs也有增大.结论 PWDTI能更准确地定量反映心脏整体功能的变化.Vs、ACCs、及VTIs可作为反映心室收缩功能的主要指标,Ve及e/a可作为反映舒张功能的主要指标,PCI及溶栓治疗优于保守治疗.