慢性乙肝硬化B超图像与胆汁酸、前白蛋白、胆碱酯酶临床价值的研究

目的明确慢性乙肝肝硬化B超分级与肝功指标:胆汁酸(TBA)、前白蛋白(PAB)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)判断肝纤维化分期的价值。方法检测78例经肝活检证实的慢性乙肝肝硬化患者声像图改变与TBA、PAB及CHE水平,并与肝活检组织纤维化分期进行对照研究。结果肝脏病理组织纤维化分为S1 -S4期78例。中代偿期(S1 -S2)38例,失代偿期(S3 -S4)40例。B超诊断符合率,代偿期90.6 %,失代偿期为97.3 %。随着纤维化程度的加重,PAB、CHE逐渐下降,TBA逐渐升高。TBA、CHE与纤维化分期存在良好的相关性(P<0.01) ,PAB与纤维化分期存在较弱的相关性(P<0.05)。结论肝脏B超的声像图改变与TBA、PAB、CHE指标在一定程度上可以提示早期肝硬化。     

The use of a bedside assay for plasma B-type natriuretic peptide as a biomarker in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates

OBJECTIVE: To test the utility of the bedside plasma concentration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) assay as a screen for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature neonates. STUDY DESIGN: Newborn infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) had paired echocardiography and BNP measurements at enrollment and every 4 to 5 days. RESULTS: Twenty neonates (gestational age approximately 28.6 weeks and birth weight approximately 1161 g) had 81 paired echocardiography and BNP determinations. BNP ranged from 5 to 3900 pg/mL. Fifty-six of 81 echocardiograms showed PDA. Significant correlations were found between BNP and ductal size and degree of shunting. Correlation was greater in infants >2 days of age. BNP >300 pg/mL predicted significant PDA, whereas BNP <105 pg/mL predicted absence of significant PDA. CONCLUSION: Bedside measurement of BNP correlates with magnitude of PDA in premature newborns, particularly beyond day 2, and may be useful in guiding diagnostic and management strategies.     

土槿皮乙酸微乳的制备及体外经皮渗透性研究

目的 制备O/W型土槿皮乙酸（PAB）微乳,并进行体外经皮渗透性能研究。方法 通过绘制伪三元相图确定PAB微乳形成的区域,以微乳的体外经皮渗透速率为指标进一步优化筛选PAB微乳的处方,并对微乳的外观、形态、粒径分布等进行表征;以大鼠皮肤为渗透屏障,利用V-C扩散池比较了PAB微乳和PAB过饱和水溶液的体外经皮累积渗透量及皮肤滞留量。结果 优选的PAB微乳处方为IPM-Cremophor EL-Transcutol P-水（0.2∶0.97∶1.83∶7）,所制备的微乳澄清透明,透射电镜（TEM）观察结果为均匀的球形或近球形,平均粒径为（18.7±1.9）nm。PAB微乳与PAB过饱和水溶液24 h累积渗透量分别为（50.31±4.63）、（6.27±1.33）μg/cm²,皮肤滞留量分别为（6.28±0.31）、（0.51±0.13）μg/cm²,差异均具有显著性（P＜0.05）。结论 PAB微乳新型给药系统可有效促进PAB的经皮渗透及提高其皮肤滞留量,为PAB皮肤给药抗真菌新制剂的设计提供了实验基础。     

血清前白蛋白和总胆汁酸联合检测在慢性肝病中的临床价值

目的 研究血清前白蛋白总胆汁酸联合检测在慢性肝病中的临床价值。方法 分别采用免疫浊度法、酸循环法检测慢性肝病患者血清前白蛋白(PAB)和总胆汁酸(TBA)水平。结果 肝硬化组、肝炎组血清PAB水平较对照组均明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.05),而血清TBA较对照组均明显升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),肝炎组与肝硬化组血清PAB和TBA水平也均有显著差异(P<0.05,P<0,05),肝炎组内重度患者血清PAB水平较轻、中度明显降低(P<0.05)而血清TBA水平较轻中度患者明显升高(P<0.01,P<0.05);结论 血清PAB、TBA变化能敏感地反映肝脏合成和代谢功能及肝实质的损害程度,联合检测血清二者的变化,有助于慢性肝病的病情判断,更有利于指导临床治疗。     

Role of vitelline envelope during fertilization in the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon

Animal eggs possess investments through which sperm must penetrate. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the egg coating, the vitelline envelope, during sperm-egg interactions in the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. The site(s) of primary binding between sperm and egg and the possible binding molecule(s) for sperm were identified. In vitro adsorption of the vitelline envelope protein onto the sperm surface showed that primary binding occurred between the sperm anterior spike of acrosome intact sperm and the vitelline envelope. Results from streptavidin blotting revealed that the component of the vitelline envelope that interacts with the sperm integral membrane protein is a 370 kDa protein. In addition, it was shown that the vitelline envelope protein had no ability to induce acrosome reaction. These results suggest that the function of the vitelline envelope is as a primary binding site for sperm in shrimp, but not a sole trigger for the acrosome reaction.     

芦荟多糖对脑缺血模型大鼠脑组织超微病理学形态变化的影响

目的:观察芦荟多糖对局灶性脑缺血大鼠的神经保护作用。方法:采用线栓法阻断大鼠一侧大脑中动脉(MCAO),制备局灶性脑缺血模型,观察芦荟多糖对MCAO模型大鼠脑缺血后神经功能缺损导致的行为学变化,通过透射电镜观察MCAO模型大鼠脑组织病理形态学变化,以探讨芦荟多糖对脑缺血的神经保护作用。结果:芦荟多糖能明显改善MCAO模型大鼠脑组织的病理形态学变化。结论:芦荟多糖对大鼠局灶性脑缺血具有保护作用。     

HBV感染者血清前白蛋白检测临床意义探讨

目的探讨血清白蛋白（PAB）在乙型肝炎中的变化规律及临床意义。方法采用自动生化仪检测血清PAB，同时检测凝血酶原活动度（P11A）。结果急性乙肝、慢性乙肝、肝炎肝硬化和慢性重性乙肝组患者血清PAB水平均出现不同程度的降低，与正常对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）；慢性重型乙肝组PAB降低最为明显，与急性乙肝、慢性乙肝组比较差异亦有显著性（P〈0.01）。重型肝炎=肝硬化死亡组的PTA值、血清PAB水平明显低于存活组，两者比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论PAB值可反映肝细胞受损的严重程度。血清PAB的检测对评估乙肝患者肝功能损害的严重程度和判断预后具有重要的参考价值。