硬膜外阻滞分娩镇痛对妊娠高血压综合征患者血浆一氧化氮的影响

目的探讨硬膜外阻滞分娩镇痛对妊高征患者的血压及其血浆NO含量的影响。方法选择中、重度妊高征29例随机分为硬膜外阻滞分娩镇痛组14例和对照组15例,镇痛组宫颈扩展到3～4cm时开始实施镇痛。采用硝酸还原酶法测定无宫缩、宫口3～4cm(阻滞前)、宫口开全、产后2h血浆NO含量。结果宫口3～4cm(镇痛前)平均动脉压较无宫缩时明显增高(P<0.01),对照组宫口开全时和产后2h平均动脉压较无宫缩时明显升高(P<0.05),而镇痛组宫口开全时和产后2h平均动脉压较无宫缩时明显降低(P<0.01),也显著低于对照组(P<0.01);宫口3～4cm(镇痛前)血浆NO含量显著低于无宫缩时(P<0.01),对照组宫口开全时和产后2h血浆NO含量较无宫缩时明显低(P<0.01);镇痛组宫口开全时血浆NO含量较无宫缩和镇痛前明显升高(P<0.01),也显著高于对照组(P<0.01),产后2h血浆NO显著高于对照组(P<0.01),但与无宫缩时比较差异无显著性。结论硬膜外阻滞分娩镇痛可降低妊高征患者的血压,其机制可能与血浆中NO含量升高有关。     

乡镇卫生院产科现状分析

目的:了解信阳市乡镇卫生院妇产科现状。方法:组织专业人员使用统一调查表,深入到46所乡镇卫生院进行妇产科房屋、人员、设备及转诊情况等调查。结果:平均每所卫生院妇产科用房面积为33.53 m2,布局合理的27所,占58.70%。无高级技术职称,中级技术职称16人,占10.39%,初级职称129人,占83.77%,无职称9人,占5.84%;9所卫生院有多普勒胎心监护仪;2所卫生院有婴儿喉镜及气管插管。结论:乡镇卫生院的产科质量近几年虽有较大提高,但目前还存在着应急抢救能力不强,人员技术水平偏低、转诊制度不完善、管理不力等问题,必须引起各级政府和卫生行政部门的重视。     

Chronic kidney disease in pregnancy

Parturients with renal insufficiency or failure present a significant challenge for the anesthesiologist. Impaired renal function compromises fertility and increases both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Close communication amongst medical specialists, including nephrologists, obstetricians, neonatologists and anesthesiologists is required to ensure the safety of mother and child. Pre-existing diseases should be optimized and close surveillance of maternal and fetal condition is required. Kidney function may deteriorate during pregnancy, necessitating early intervention. The goal is to maintain hemodynamic and physiologic stability while the demands of the pregnancy change. Drugs that may adversely affect the fetus, are nephrotoxic or are dependent on renal elimination should be avoided.     

Pregnancy,Prenatal Care,and Delivery of Mothers with Disabilities in Korea

The aim of this study was to investigate the whole picture regarding pregnancy, prenatal care, obstetrical complications, and delivery among disabled pregnant women in Korea. Using the data of National Health Insurance Corporation, we extracted the data of women who terminated pregnancy including delivery and abortion from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. Pearson''s chi-square test and Student-t test were conducted to examine the difference between disabled women and non-disabled women. Also, to define the factors affecting inadequate prenatal care, logistic regression was performed. The total number of pregnancy were 463,847; disabled women was 2,968 (0.6%) and 460,879 (99.4%) were by non-disabled women. Abortion rates (27.6%), Cesarean section rate (54.5%), and the rate of receiving inadequate prenatal care (17.0%), and the rate of being experienced at least one obstetrical complication (11.3%) among disabled women were higher than those among non-disabled women (P < 0.001). Beneficiaries of Medical Aid (OR, 2.21) (P < 0.001) and severe disabled women (OR, 1.46) (P = 0.002) were more likely to receive inadequate prenatal care. In conclusion, disabled women are more vulnerable in pregnancy, prenatal care and delivery. Therefore, the government and society should pay more attention to disabled pregnant women to ensure they have a safe pregnancy period up until the delivery.

Graphical Abstract

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