亚甲蓝甘油合剂封闭治疗三叉神经痛108例

目的观察亚甲蓝甘油合剂封闭治疗三叉神经痛的临床疗效并探讨其治疗机制。方法按国际头面痛学会分类委员会确定的诊断标准,108例原发性三叉神经患者随机分为两组:A组为亚甲蓝甘油合剂组(n=54),B组为单纯甘油合剂组(n=54);采用徐贵印推荐的三维测角穿刺半月神经节进行封闭治疗,对治疗后1周、3个月和2年分别进行疗效评判和随访观察。结果两组治疗后1周、3个月优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两年后优良率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症没有明显差异,2例出现视力下降,3例因解剖变异未能穿刺成功,仅在卵圆孔周围进行了注射,外加眶下孔以及骸孔封闭。结论亚甲蓝甘油合剂用于治疗三叉神经痛远期疗效优于单纯甘油合剂,且亚甲蓝对神经未见明显损害(经2年随访)。     

Identification of cytotoxic principles from Fusarium avenaceum using bioassay-guided fractionation

The cytotoxicity of extracts from rice cultures of five Fusarium avenaceum strains against the porcine epithelial kidney cell-line PK-15 was investigated using the Alamar Blue™ assay. After the identification of known fungal metabolites, cytotoxic extracts were fractionated using semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC and normal phase LC, and the fractions were tested for cytotoxicity. In this way, two different groups of metabolites were identified as the major cytotoxic principles of the extracts. High concentrations of enniatins, especially enniatins B and B1, inhibited the metabolic activity of PK-15 cells. Furthermore, an unidentified metabolite, produced in high amounts by a strain that produced relatively small amounts of enniatins, was also found to be cytotoxic to PK-15 cells. This study shows that enniatins, a group of cyclic depsipeptides, which have been ignored as significant contributors to the toxicity of fungal extracts, may account for most of the observed effect for F. avenaceum.     

尼氏小体染色方法的改进及其在神经病理学研究中的应用

组织或细胞的染色在病理学诊断、科学研究和教学工作中,都具有非常重要的意义和使用价值。组织切片染色的质量好坏对于医学诊断,科研和教学至关重要。为了更好的研究神经组织,使医学诊断、科研和教学工作更为方便,本文对Toluidine Blue(甲苯胺蓝)染色方法做了一些改进。在传统的甲苯胺蓝染色过程中,仅考虑对细胞核和尼氏小体进行染色,未考虑细胞浆和其他细胞器:而改进后的甲苯胺蓝染色方法在甲苯股蓝染色后用伊红再染色,既考虑对细胞核和尼氏小体进行染色,也对细胞浆进行了染色。结果显示传统的Toluidine Blue染色结果光镜下观察,细胞核和尼氏小体都可见,即尼氏小体为深蓝色,细胞核为蓝色,染色背景为淡蓝色;改进后的染色结果光镜下观察,尼氏小体为紫蓝色,细胞核为蓝色,染色背景为粉红色。可见,改进后的染色方法染出的组织切片比传统的要清晰、美观。随着科学技术的飞速发展,病理学的研究也随之发展,病理技术势必进一步提高,来适应科技的进步和医学的发展。改进的尼氏小体染色法能够使脑组织切片更清楚观察,更有利于医学工作者对神经组织及尼氏小体的研究。     

Specifically associated PCR products probed by coincident detection of two-color cross-correlated fluorescence intensities in human gene polymorphisms of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase at site C677T: a novel measurement approach without follow-up mathematical analysis

Whole blood samples of known methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotypes from 24 individuals were examined at site C677T. Their amplified DNA products were assessed by two-color fluorescence cross-correlation measurements and agarose gel electrophoresis/capillary gel electrophoresis. DNA subpopulations were identified which were not associated with the proper genotype by primer combinations and cycling conditions called multiplexes. We confirmed that DNA analysis by two-color fluorescence cross-correlation measurements allowed the detection of fluorescence signals specifically associated with the proper genotypes in a mixture of amplified nontarget DNA molecules without DNA sizing. The measurement approach does not require complex, follow-up mathematical analysis and is applicable to any single nucleotide polymorphisms. The simple immunogenetic model showed how the approach works to reveal specific DNA target by preventing detection of nontarget DNA. Under those experimental conditions, a new ultrasensitive, and specific method for clinical immunologists is born.     

Secretin and VIP-stimulated adenylate cyclase from rat heart

The exact positions of microelectrodes used to measure thePO₂ in the cerebral cortex of the rat were determined by staining the tissue with Alcian Blue. The measurement sites were subsequently located under a light microscope and correlated with the capillary and cellular arrangement of the cortex. The microelectrodes used for thePO₂ measurements were made of gold glass fibers; the Alcian Blue was injected hydrostatically through a micropipette attached to thePO₂ microelectrode. The sites where dye had been deposited were seen under a light microscope as green blue spots about 100 m in diameter. The capillaries were visualized by silver nitrate perfusion. Differences between the localPO₂ values in the neo- and the archeocortex were found. In the neocortex the meanPO₂ was 31 mm Hg, capillary volume 1.6%, capillary surface area 980/mm², capillary length 13.5/mm; whereas in the archeocortex these values where 21 mm Hg, 0.9%, 820/mm² and 9.4/mm respectively. These data indicate a relationship between the microcirculatory transport system and the local oxygen tension and provide further evidence that the meanPO₂ level tends to decrease when moving from the surface into the archeocortex.Supported by the Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftReported in part at the 3rd Symposium of ISOTT, Cambridge, GB, 1977; and at the 27th International Congress of Physiological Sciences, Paris, France, 1977     

磺化聚醚砜对光敏剂-亚甲蓝的吸附去除研究Ⅱ.磺化聚醚砜对血浆中亚甲蓝的吸附去除研究

研究了磺化聚醚砜吸附柱对血浆中亚甲蓝的吸附效果,并检测了流经吸附柱的牛血清白蛋白随时间变化的规律以及过柱前后血浆中主要生化指标的变化情况.结果:磺化聚醚砜对亚甲蓝的吸附效果明显优于聚醚砜对亚甲蓝的吸附效果;其对白蛋白的吸附较小;对血浆中主要生化指标的影响可以忽略不计.     

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome and pulmonary hypertension: an unusual association

INTRODUCTION: Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare congenital systemic angiodysplasia with multiple vascular malformations in the skin, gastrointestinal tract and, less often, in other internal organs and the brain. CASE REPORT: A 36-year-old man with past history of BRBNS was admitted to our hospital for progressive dyspnea and fatigue. Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) was diagnosed. He then developed acute abdominal pain and dyspnea, dying in a few hours due to sudden cardiac arrest. Postmortem examination demonstrated angiomatous lesions located in the skin, small bowel, heart, lungs, liver and thyroid. The lesions were slightly raised, soft and compressible and microscopically consisted of dilated vascular channels lined by a flattened endothelium. The vascular wall was formed by several layers of smooth muscle cells, intermixed with abundant aggregates of elastic lamellae and thin collagen fibers. Luminal thrombi were a frequent finding. In the small bowel, we identified the presence of an abnormally large artery directly opening into a thin-walled venous channel. The most striking finding in the lungs was the presence of thrombi of varying age in the lumen of segmental and elastic arteries, as well as muscular arteries and arterioles. Severe medial hypertrophy of muscular arteries and muscolarization of arterioles were also present. Intimal proliferative lesions and plexiform lesions were never observed. CONCLUSION: The pulmonary findings are consistent with recurrent thromboembolic events from shunts in the visceral lesions. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BRBNS with visceral arterovenous (AV) fistulae complicated by thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (PH).     

Growth and adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal bone marrow cells during culturing in 3D macroporous agarose cryogel sponges

We studied the possibility of population of macroporous agarose cryogel sponges by mesenchymal stromal bone marrow cells with their subsequent adipogenic differentiation. After 7-day culturing of mesenchymal stromal cells in agarose cryogel, the level of cell proliferation was 35%. After 3-week culturing in a medium inducing adipogenesis we observed accumulation of intracellular neutral lipids positively stained with Oil Red O. These findings can be used for the development of bioengineering constructions of the adipose tissue on the basis of spongy carriers. Translated from Kletochnye Tehnologii v Biologii i Medicine, No. 3, pp. 141–144, August, 2008     

Role of the blue mechanism in wavelength discrimination

The role of blue cones as well as the pathways they supply (collectively called the "blue mechanism") is evaluated by comparing ordinary wavelength discrimination functions with those obtained using two methods designed to inhibit the blue mechanism selectively. These methods use a just-noticeable-border criterion (JNB), instead of the usual one of just-noticeable-difference, and a yellow preadapting field to induce transient tritanopia. Without transient tritanopia, the data obtained using the just-noticeable-border criterion reveal a small contribution of the blue mechanism to wavelength discrimination. Transient tritanopia, with JNB, produces an additional selective loss of wavelength discrimination in a spectral region flanking 460 nm, which yields a function resembling those for tritanopes previously examined.