CD44分子与乳腺癌

CD44分子属于黏附分子家族中的一员，其CD44的异常表达与乳腺癌的发生、发展和转移密切相关。近年来研究表明乳腺癌干细胞表面高度表达CD44分子，针对CD44分子与乳腺癌干细胞关系的研究，将为乳腺癌的临床治疗提供新的靶点。     

Regression of Pulmonary and Multiple Skeletal Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma by Nephrectomy and Alpha-interferon Therapy: A Case Report

We report a rare case of advanced renal cell carcinoma in apatient who showed complete resolution of metastases to thelung and bones after nephrectomy, partial jejunectomy and subsequentalpha-interferon therapy. The patient was a 54-year-old manwhose right lung and left femur metastases were detected beforenephrectomy. In the seventh week after nephrectomy, a partialjejunectomy was carried out because of the obstructive ileuscaused by intraluminal multiple metastases of the jejunum. Apathological fracture of the metastasized right humerus occurredsubsequently. After four months of intramuscular alpha-interferonadministration (3x106 units/day), however, x-rays revealed thecomplete disappearance of the metastatic lung shadow and a solidunion of the humerus, and there were no tumor cells in the femurspecimen resected at the subsequent reconstruction surgery ofthe left leg. Seven years have passed from onset, and the patientis still alive and disease free.     

固生蛋白tenascin对肝细胞癌血管生成及浸润转移的影响

目的　探讨固生蛋白(tenascin ,TN)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellularcarcinoma ,HCC)中的表达和与HCC血管生成及浸润转移的关系。方法　应用免疫组织化学法检测4 2例HCC、10例肝硬化和7例正常肝组织内TN的表达情况,观察与HCC病理学特点及微血管密度(microvesseldensity ,MVD)之间的关系。结果　①TN在HCC中的阳性表达率和强度显著高于肝硬化和正常肝脏组织( χ2 =4 15 ,P <0 0 5 ;t=2 4 73,P <0 0 5 ) ;②TN在有包膜侵犯组、病理分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ组及有转移HCC中的阳性表达率及强度明显高于无包膜侵犯组( χ2 =5 4 7,P <0 0 5 ;t=2 138,P <0 0 5 )、病理分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组( χ2 =6 87,P <0 0 1;t=2 4 79,P <0 0 5 )以及无转移组( χ2 =10 6 ,P <0 0 1;t=2 6 93,P <0 0 1) ;③肝癌>5cm、有包膜侵犯、有转移、病理分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组的MVD值明显高于肝癌≤5cm(t=2 0 36 ,P <0 0 5 )、无包膜侵犯(t =2 32 8,P <0 0 5 )、无转移(t =2 4 94 ,P <0 0 5 )及病理分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组(t =2 2 71,P <0 0 5 )。④TN阳性表达HCC中的MVD值明显高于TN阴性表达HCC中的MVD值(t =2 4 87,P <0 0 5 )。结论　TN在HCC组织中的表达上调与其血管生成和浸润转移有关     

Myxopapillary ependymoma of lumbosacral region with metastasis to both cerebellopontine angles: report of a rare case

Introduction Myxopapillary ependymomas are low grade tumours that are known to recur locally even after complete excision, but metastasis to distant sites is extremely uncommon. Case report We report an unusual case of lumbo-sacral myxopapillary ependymoma in a 13-year-old boy with metastasis to both cerebellopontine angles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest patient of metastatic myxopapillary ependymoma.     

Splanchnic metabolism associated with liver metastasis

Metastatic liver disease can modify the metabolic response to critical illness. Systemic lactic acidosis may arise from an increased production due to inadequate peripheral tissue oxygen transport, altered metabolic function such as depressed pyruvate oxidation or insufficient hepatic clearing capacity due to tumor replacement of functional liver mass. Hepatic venous catheterization in a patient with extensive metastatic melanoma to the liver and adult respiratory distress syndrome indicated a marked disparity between whole body and liver oxygenation which may arise due to a markedly stepped up splanchnic oxygen utilization unmatched by a proportionate rise in regional oxygen delivery. Since some neoplasms may exhibit increased metabolic activity, it is suspected that these metastatic lesions may have contributed to the observed regional hypermetabolism thereby worsening hepatic hypoxia and exacerbating lactic acidosis. This case also illustrates the difficulties in interpreting global indicators of metabolic function and oxygenation in critically ill patients.     

胃癌第一站淋巴结窦组织细胞增生生发中心增生对胃癌预后的影响

目的 :研究胃癌第一站淋巴结窦组织细胞增生 (SH)、生发中心增生 (GCH)对胃癌第一站淋巴结转移及预后的影响。方法 :将SH、GCH分别分为 - ,+ ,+ +三级 ,分析SH ,GCH对胃癌第一淋巴结转移的影响 ,比较其 5年生存率。结果 :①SH -患者淋巴结转移率明显比SH + ,SH + +高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;5年生存率随SH分级数升高而升高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;②GCH -患者淋巴结转移率明显比GCH + ,GCH+ +高 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;5年生存率随GCH分级数升高而升高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :SH ,GCH患者胃癌第一站淋巴结转移率较低 ;SH ,GCH分级数越高预后越好 ;SH ,GCH可作为预测胃癌预后的指标之一。     

Rate of PSA rise predicts metastatic versus local recurrence after definitive radiotherapy

: A rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) following treatment for adenocarcinoma of the prostate indicates eventual clinical failure, but the rate of rise can be quite different from patient to patient, as can the pattern of clinical failure. We sought to determine whether the rate of PSA rise could differentiate future local versus metastatistic failure.

: Two thousand six hundred sixty-seven PSA values from 400 patients treated with radiotherapy for localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate were analyzed with respect to PSA patterns and clinical outcome. Patients had received no hormonal therapy or prostate surgey and had ?4 PSA values post-treatment PSA rate of rise, determined by the slope of the natural log, was classified as gradual (< 0.69 log (ng/ml)/year, or doubling time (DT) > 1 year), moderate (0.69-1.4 log (ng/ml)/year, or DT 6 months-1 year), or rapid [>1.4 log (ng/ml)/year, or DT < 6 months].

: SIxty-one percent of patients had non-rising PSA following treatment; 25% of patients with rising PSA developed clinical failure, and 93% of patients with clinical failure had rising PSA. The rate of rise discerned different clinical failure patterns. Local failure occurred in 23% of patients with moderate rate of rise versus 7% with gradual rise (p = 0.0001). Metastatic disease developed in 46% of those with rapid versus 8% with moderate rise (p < 0.0001). By multivariate analysis, in addition to rate of rise, PSA nadir and rate of decline predicted local failure; those with post-treatment nadir of 1–4 ng/ml were five times more likely to experience local failure than nadir < 1 ng/ml (p = 0.0002). Rapid rate of rise was the most significant independent predictor of metastastic failure.

: The rate of PSA rise following definitive radiotherapy can predict clinical failure patterns, with a rapidly rising PSA indicating metastatic recurrence and moderately rising PSA local recurrence. This information could potentially dirent therapy; if the rise predicts metastatic failure hormonal therapy could be cosidereed, while aggressive salvage therapy may benefit subclinical local recurrence identified by a moderate rate of PSA rise.     

病变椎体切除脊柱稳定性重建治疗胸腰椎转移瘤

目的:探讨病变椎体切除脊柱稳定性重建治疗胸腰椎转移瘤可行性与临床价值。方法:1999年7月-2006年4月,采用后正中加后外侧"T"形切口行病变椎体切除、钛网 切除的肋骨或取自体髂骨填充植骨、椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗16例胸腰椎转移瘤患者,随访观察患者术后局部疼痛缓解、脊髓神经功能恢复及脊柱稳定性情况。结果:术后患者腰背痛及放射性疼痛基本缓解,均于术后早期开始肢体功能锻炼,术后2-3周离床活动。随访8个月-3年,患者神经系统压迫症状明显改善,3例C级患者2例恢复到D级,1例恢复到E级;D级5例均恢复到E级。影像学复查内固定物无松动、断钉、断棒现象,钛网无移位,椎体无塌陷。结论:经后正中加后外侧"T"形切口手术切除病变椎体并重建脊柱的三柱稳定性结构治疗胸腰椎转移瘤是可行的,可提高患者生存期内的生活质量。     

逆转录病毒介导的c-met-小干扰RNA抑制肝癌转移的体内研究

我们对c-met与肝癌的临床病理因素的关系进行了分析，明确了c-met与肝癌转移有关联。此前也通过逆转录病毒载体介导，成功建立了表达c-met-siRNA的肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H／c-met-siRNA，并证实逆转录病毒载体能长期、稳定表达针对靶基因c-met的siRNA，因此，本研究拟进一步在体内研究c-met-siRNA对肝癌生长、转移的影响，以期为c-met-siRNA应用于临床防治肝癌转移复发提供实验依据。     

Long-term survival after removal of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor originating in the anterior mediastinum

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs; malignant schwannomas) rarely occur in the anterior mediastinum, and their prognosis is poor. A 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital for examination of an anterior mediastinal tumor. A computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy revealed only fibrosis. The tumor was completely excised via a median sternotomy with partial resection of the pericardium and right upper lobe of the lung. Thereafter, the tumor was diagnosed as a storiform-pleomorphic type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. At 1 year after the surgery, a distant metastasis was found in the interlobular space between the right middle and lower lobes. The tumor was completely excised via a right posterolateral thoracotomy. Reexamination of the primary and secondary tumors revealed an MPNST. No recurrence was found up to 5 years after the second surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. However, he died from multiple lung metastases after 6 years.