Peptide profiling by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the Lasiodora parahybana tarantula venom gland.

In order to establish a venom fingerprint and a peptide profile of the Lasiodora parahybana tarantula venom gland, we used conventional methods such as reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to an electrospray-ionisation hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (LC/ESI-QqTOFMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-MS (MALDI-TOFMS) and direct study of L. parahybana venom by nanospray-ionization QqTOFMS (nanoESI-QqTOFMS) and a new technology for the direct analysis of fresh tissues using MALDI-TOFMS. The analysis of the crude venom allowed the characterization of specific juvenile and adult biomarkers. In situ MALDI analysis of L. parahybana venom gland sections revealed different peptide expression levels all along the gland and non-processed peptide precursors, demonstrating the power of the method for the dynamic investigation of peptide evolution in the venom gland of spiders.     

Characterization of peptide components in the venom of the scorpion Liocheles australasiae (Hemiscorpiidae).

Scorpion venoms are composed of a number of neurotoxic peptides. A variety of toxins have been isolated from the venoms of scorpions of the family Buthidae, however, little interest has been paid to non-Buthidae scorpions. In this study, we examined the toxicity of the venom of Liocheles australasiae (Hemiscorpiidae) to mice and crickets, and characterized the peptide components by HPLC and mass spectrometry. Over 200 components were detected in the L. australasiae venom by LC/MS analysis, with components of molecular masses ranging from 500 to 5000 Da being particularly abundant. A number of peptides contained two to four disulfide bridges, which was estimated based on the mass difference after derivatization of Cys residues. A peptide having a monoisotopic molecular mass of 7781.6 Da and four disulfide bridges was isolated from the venom. The peptide has a primary structure similar in terms of the position of eight Cys residues to those observed in several peptides found from scorpions, ticks and insects, although biological roles of these peptides are unknown.     

咽旁间隙原发性肿块流行病学分析

目的：对咽旁间隙原发性肿块进行流行病学分析。方法：对咽旁间隙原发性239例肿块进行统计分析。结果：原发良性肿瘤患病比为61．09％，其中上皮源性肿瘤患病比最高，占19.25％；神经源性肿瘤第二位，占17．57％。原发性恶性肿瘤的患病比为35．15％，其中上皮源性恶性肿瘤的患病比最高，占21.76％；恶性淋巴瘤第2位，占7．95％。炎症的患病比为3．77％，其中淋巴结反应性增生最高。结论：咽旁间隙原发性肿块良性肿瘤的患病比最高，恶性肿瘤次之，炎症居第3位，比例约为17：9：1。     

川芎挥发油化学成分研究

采取闪蒸气相毛细管色谱法和气相毛细管色谱—质谱法研究了宁夏六盘山区产川芎的挥发油化学成分,色谱分离出50多个峰,质谱鉴定了24个成分,主要是川芎酜内酯(46.37％)、丁基酞内酯(13.87％)、新蛇床内酯(6.98％)和丁烯基酜酯(4.8％)。红外光谱图中有较强的内酯特征吸收峰,为质谱所鉴定的以上主要成分提供了佐证。将闪蒸气相色谱法与蒸气蒸馏提取气相色谱法进行对照,二者的色谱图基本相符,前者是分析天然产物挥发性成分更加简便、迅速的微量方法。     

Gadolinium ring enhancement and mass effect in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

A 9-year-old boy presented with a subacute history of optic neuritis followed by brainstem involvement, with fever and a lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid. Gadolinium-enhancing ring lesions were demonstrate in the white matter of the cerebrum, brainstem and cerebellum on day 17 of the illness, all appearing simultaneously as part of a monophasic illness. A parietal lesion exerted mass effect. Needling and biopsy yielded no evidence of a pyogenic lesion, tumour or tuberculosis and showed vasculitis. There was insufficient material for myelin staining. Dexamethasone therapy lead to rapid improvement of the radiological lesions: MRI and CT on day 34 of the illness showed complete clearing of the lesions except for residual abnormality at the biopsy site.     

城市污灌废水的致突变性检测及色谱/质谱分析

应用Ames致突变试验,对比研究了武汉市易家墩、黄孝河污灌区污灌废水与土壤的致突变性。同时应用色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析技术。测定了主要污水中有机污染物的化学组成。结果表明:罗家渠废水的致突变活性最强;受各条污水灌溉的土壤的致突变活性顺序与相应废水的强弱顺序一致;罗家渠废水中致突变致癌物主要是萘、联苯等。     

Neuromelanin-containing neurons of the substantia nigra accumulate iron and aluminum in Parkinson's disease: a LAMMA study

The Laser Microprobe Mass Analyzer (LAMMA) is a sensitive instrument for identifying and localizing trace elements in tissue samples. Using LAMMA, we have examined melanin-containing neurons of the substantia nigra in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls. We found that iron significantly accumulates within neuromelanin granules of patients with PD compared to controls. Increased aluminum was found in the neuromelanin granules of 2 of 3 PD cases but in no controls. The accumulation of iron and aluminum, which are known to promote oxidant stress, may account for the selective degeneration of neuromelanin-containing neurons in PD.     

Renal tissue gas tensions during hemorrhagic shock

To evaluate the development of renal hypoxia during hemorrhagic shock, fourteen dogs were induced in this study. The animals were divided equally into a group in which mean arterial pressure (MAP) was kept at 50mmHg (group 1), and into another where MAP was kept at 40mmHg for 180mim (group 2). Renal tissue gas tensions were determined by a mass spectrometer. In the 50-mmHg group, renal tissue oxygen tension (Pr_{O 2}) dropped for 15min following hemorrhage, remained constant for 90min, then fell further for 150min before a plateau was established. In the 40-mmHg group, the Pr_{O 2} dropped for 90min before reaching a plateau. The second Pr_{O 2} decline occurred at the same level in both the 50-mmHg group and the 40-mmHg group. The point at which the same Pr_{O 2} level occurred for each group suggests the cessation of oxygen consumption and the conditions of renal hypoxia. It is assumed that renal hypoxia occurs in 120min at a MAP of 50-mmHg and in 60min at a MAP of 40mmHg.(Murakawa K, Izumi R, Kobayashi A: Renal tissue gas tentions during hemorrhagic shock. J Anesth 3: 10–15, 1989)