维持性血液透析患者疲乏影响因素及其与心理弹性、希望之间的相关性分析

目的 了解维持性血液透析(MHD)患者的心理弹性、希望和疲乏现状,分析心理弹性在希望与疲乏之间的作用.方法 采用便利抽样方法,于2019年9-10月选择杭州市中医院肾病科符合纳入排除标准的120例MHD患者进行问卷调查,调查问卷包括患者一般资料调查表、Piper疲乏修订量表、Herth希望量表及心理弹性量表,调查人员采...     

Development and feasibility of the Help to Overcome Problems Effectively (HOPE) self-management intervention for people living with multiple sclerosis

Purpose: To describe the development and feasibility of a self-management intervention called the Help to Overcome Problems Effectively (HOPE: MS), aimed at improving the physical and psychological wellbeing of people living with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Method: HOPE: MS is an innovative, 6-week group-based, manualised self-management intervention combining positive psychology theory and practice, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Participants (N?=?21) recruited via a local East Midlands branch of the MS Society attended one of three HOPE: MS interventions and completed self-reported outcome measures in week 1 and week 6. The following outcome measures were used: The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale; Multiple Sclerosis Fatigue Severity Scale; The Multiple Sclerosis Self-Efficacy Scale; The Adult State Hope Scale; The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; The Positive and Negative Affect Scale.

Results: Post-intervention (6 weeks) mean scores decreased in the physical impact (baseline M?=?65.6, SD?=?17.4; 6 weeks M?=?55.1, SD?=?17.9, 95% CI [?4.39, ?16.47] and the psychological impact of MS (baseline M?=?24.0, SD?=?7.3; 6 weeks M?=?18.9; SD?=?6.3, 95% CI [?2.54, ?7.66]). There was also a decrease mean fatigue severity scores (baseline 49.4, SD?=?13.3, 6 weeks M?=?41.1, SD?=?14.4, 95% CI [?2.65, ?13.44]). There was a mean decrease in depression scores (baseline M?=?6.9, SD?=?3.5; 6 weeks M?=?4.2, SD?=?2.8, 95% CI [?1.43, ?4.00]). There were smaller mean decreases in anxiety (baseline M?=?7.6, SD?=?3.4; 6 weeks M?=?6.7 (4.0), 95% CI [0.69, ?2.50]) and negative affect (baseline M?=?22.9, SD?=?6.8; 6 weeks M?=?20.8 (8.1), 95% CI [0.69, ?2.50]) refer Table 3). Mean MS self-efficacy scores (baseline 21.7, SD?=?4.2; 6 weeks M?=?24.1, SD?=?4.7, 95% CI [0.23, 4.53]), mean total hope scores (baseline M?=?23.3, SD?=?10.7; 6 weeks M?=?32.2 (10.6), 95% CI [4.91, 12.9]), hope agency scores (baseline M?=?10.5, SD?=?5.7; 6 weeks M?=?15.7 (6.2), 95% CI [2.37, 8.01]), hope pathways (baseline M?=?12.9, SD?=?6.0; 6 weeks M?=?16.6 (4.9), 95% CI [2.00, 5.43]) and positive affect scores increased (baseline M?=?27.3, SD?=?7.1; 6 months M?=?32.2, SD?=?8.4, 95% CI [0.42, 9.39]). Participants positively rated the intervention quality and delivery.

Conclusions: This feasibility study showed that the HOPE: MS was acceptable and useful to people living with MS. Further robust evaluations using a randomised controlled trial design with longer follow ups are needed to confirm early promising results of the HOPE: MS.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Living with MS requires constant adjustments to cope with unpredictable symptoms.

• Self-management interventions have the potential to help people living with MS to improve their quality of life.

• A feasibility study of the HOPE: MS self-management group-based intervention showed that it was acceptable and useful to people living with MS.

     

血液透析患者希望水平与焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关性研究

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者希望水平及其与焦虑、抑郁情绪之间的相关性。方法应用Herth希望量表、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和自制一般资料调查表对140例维持性血液透析患者进行问卷调查。结果 97.9%的MHD患者的希望水平处于中、高水平,希望总体的均分为（32.39±4.59）分;焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生率分别为60%、71.43%;希望总体及其分项目与焦虑、抑郁情绪均呈显著负相关,差异有显著意义（P〈0.01）。结论 MHD患者的希望水平较为理想,希望是焦虑、抑郁情绪的重要预测变量;护理人员应以希望作为新的视点,提高MHD患者的希望水平,降低其焦虑、抑郁,促进心理健康。     

综合性护理干预对 COPD 患者疾病不确定感及希望水平的影响

目的：探讨综合性护理干预对COPD患者疾病应对态度及生活质量的影响。方法将60例COPD稳定期的患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上进行认知干预、行为干预以及社会支持等综合护理干预,比较两组的疾病不确定感、希望水平以及生活质量。结果观察组出院3个月时在不明确定、信息缺乏、复杂性等疾病不确定感方面的评分低于对照组,在对现实和未来的积极态度、采取积极的行动以及希望总体方面的评分高于对照组,在躯体疼痛、社会功能、精神健康等方面的生活质量评分方面均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。结论综合性护理干预能够全面满足COPD患者的需求,减少疾病不确定感,提高希望水平,改善生活质量。     

希望和大学生学业成就的关系自尊水平的调节作用

目的 调查希望、乐观与大学生学业成就的关系,以及自尊水平对此关系的调节作用.方法 对330名大学生进行了问卷调查,并利用层次回归的方法对数据进行分析.结果 希望的动力维度和大学生的学业成就相关显著（R =0.32,P＜0.01）;且在控制了相关的人口学变量之后,希望对学业成就的主效应仍然非常显著（R2 =0.073,P＜0.01）;自尊水平在希望预测大学生学业成就时的调节效应显著.结论 希望能显著的正向预测大学生的学业成就,乐观和学业成就相关不显著,这也说明了希望和乐观是两个独立的概念;自尊水平在希望预测大学生学业成就时起着调节的作用,希望对大学生学业成就的影响主要表现在中等自尊水平和低自尊水平的个体上.     

基于马斯洛需求理论的灵性照护对晚期鼻咽癌患者的护理效果

目的探讨基于马斯洛需求理论的灵性照护在晚期鼻咽癌(NPC)患者中的应用效果。方法以随机数字表法将2016年5月至2019年5月收治的86例晚期鼻咽癌患者分为2组,对照组43例予以常规心理干预,观察组43例实施基于马斯洛需求理论的灵性照护,观察对比两组干预前后希望水平、应对方式、生存质量变化及依从性。结果干预前两组Herth希望量表(HHI)各维度评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后与同期对照组对比,观察组上述评分明显较高(P<0.05);干预前两组医学应对问卷量表(MCMQ)各维度评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后与同期对照组对比,观察组上述评分情况明显较好(P<0.05);干预前两组头颈肿瘤治疗的功能性评估量表(FACT-H&N)、鼻咽癌生存质量量表(QOQ-H&N35)评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后与同期对照组对比,观察组FACT-H&N评分明显较高,QOQ-H&N35评分明显较低(P<0.05);观察组依从率为95.35%,与对照组81.40%对比明显较高(P<0.05)。结论基于马斯洛需求理论的灵性照护可提高晚期鼻咽癌患者希望水平,改变患者应对方式,改善患者生存质量,提升患者依从率,值得推广。     

情志护理联合营养干预对食管癌患者营养状态及希望水平的影响分析

目的探讨情志护理联合营养干预对食管癌患者营养状态及希望水平的影响。方法选取食管癌患者210例,分为2组。110例患者实施常规住院护理,纳入对照组;100例患者实施情志护理联合营养干预,纳入观察组。采用微型营养评定法(MNA)评估患者营养状态,采用Herth希望量表(HHI)评价患者希望水平。结果干预后,观察组营养状态好于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组希望量表各维度评分和总分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对食管癌患者开展情志护理联合营养干预,可以改善患者营养状态,提高患者希望感。     

Diversity of and initiatives for hypertension management in Asia—Why we need the HOPE Asia Network

The Hypertension Cardiovascular Outcome Prevention and Evidence in Asia (HOPE Asia) Network was set up to improve the management of hypertension in Asia with the ultimate goal of achieving “zero” cardiovascular events. Asia is a diverse continent, and the prevalence of hypertension has increased over the last 30 years. There are a number of Asia‐specific features of hypertension and hypertension‐related cardiovascular complications, which means that a region‐specific approach is needed. White‐coat hypertension will become more of an issue over time as Asian populations age, and masked hypertension is more prevalent in Asian than in Western countries. Identifying and treating masked hypertension is important to reduce cardiovascular risk. Abnormal patterns of blood pressure (BP) variability common in Asia include exaggerated early morning BP surge and nocturnal hypertension. These are also important cardiovascular risk factors that need to be managed. Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is an important tool for detecting white‐coat and masked hypertension, and monitoring BP variability, and practices in Asia are variable. Use of HBPM is important given the Asia‐specific features of hypertension, and strategies are needed to improve and standardize HBPM usage. Development of HBPM devices capable of measuring nocturnal BP along with other information and communication technology‐based strategies are key developments in the widespread implementation of anticipation medicine strategies to detect and prevent cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension. Region‐wide differences in hypertension prevalence, control, and management practices in Asia highlight the importance of information sharing to facilitate best practices.     

The impact of telenursing on hope and perceived self-efficacy of the mothers of premature infants after discharge from the NICU

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the impact of telenursing on the hope and perceived self-efficacy of the mothers of premature infants after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.MethodThe study method was a clinical trial. The research population consisted of all the mothers with premature infants whose neonates had recently been discharged from NICU. Seventy subjects were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group subjects received telenursing training for four weeks, while in the control group, no intervention was offered. The data collection tools included the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PMPS-Q) and the Hope Scale of Mothers of Premature Neonates Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Data analysis was performed using an independent t-test, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, and one-way repeated measures ANOVA.ResultsThe results showed that telenursing improves hope (P < 0.05) and perceived self-efficacy (P < 0.05) in the mothers of premature infants after discharge from the NICU.ConclusionAccording to the obtained results, it is suggested that the necessary measures be taken to establish distance nursing in the neonatal intensive care unit. As a result, mothers of premature infants and the country's health system can benefit from the advantages as mentioned earlier.