慢性肺心病急性发作期血清酶的变化

目的：研究慢性肺心病急性发作期患者谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、羟基丁酸脱氢酶（HBDH）、磷酸肌激酶（CPK）的变化。方法：采用酶催化L－丙氨酸与α－酮戊二酸法测定ALT；采用酶催化天冬氨酶与α－酮戊二酸法测定AST；采用酶催化α－丁酸与NADH的反应法测定HBDH；采用酶催化磷酸肌酸与ADP反应法测定CPK；采用Bayer550血气分析仪测定动脉血氧分压。结果：肺心病急性期患者血氧分压显著低于肺心病缓解期患者（P＝0．0001）。肺心病急性期患者血清ALT、AST、LDH、HBDH均显著高于肺心病缓解期患者（P＝0．026，P＝0．040，P＝0．003，P＝0．0001），而CPK差异无显著性（P＝0．107）。结论：肺心病的急性发作可能造成机体ALT、AST、LDH、HBDH的升高。血氧分压的降低可能是这些指标升高的原因。     

Metabolic profiling studies on the toxicological effects of realgar in rats by H NMR spectroscopy

The toxicological effects of realgar after intragastrical administration (1 g/kg body weight) were investigated over a 21 day period in male Wistar rats using metabonomic analysis of ¹H NMR spectra of urine, serum and liver tissue aqueous extracts. Liver and kidney histopathology examination and serum clinical chemistry analyses were also performed. ¹H NMR spectra and pattern recognition analyses from realgar treated animals showed increased excretion of urinary Kreb's cycle intermediates, increased levels of ketone bodies in urine and serum, and decreased levels of hepatic glucose and glycogen, as well as hypoglycemia and hyperlipoidemia, suggesting the perturbation of energy metabolism. Elevated levels of choline containing metabolites and betaine in serum and liver tissue aqueous extracts and increased serum creatine indicated altered transmethylation. Decreased urinary levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide, phenylacetylglycine and hippurate suggested the effects on the gut microflora environment by realgar. Signs of impairment of amino acid metabolism were supported by increased hepatic glutamate levels, increased methionine and decreased alanine levels in serum, and hypertaurinuria. The observed increase in glutathione in liver tissue aqueous extracts could be a biomarker of realgar induced oxidative injury. Serum clinical chemistry analyses showed increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase as well as increased levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, indicating slight liver and kidney injury. The time-dependent biochemical variations induced by realgar were achieved using pattern recognition methods. This work illustrated the high reliability of NMR-based metabonomic approach on the study of the biochemical effects induced by traditional Chinese medicine.     

急性白血病血清乳酸脱氢酶及α-羟丁酸脱氢酶检测的意义

目的：探讨血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和α-羟丁酸脱氢酶（HBDH）的变化与急性白血病患者疗效关系。方法：观察45名急性白血病人血清LDH和HBDH变化。结果：急性白血病人血清LDH和HBDH显著升高,病情缓解后可降低。LDH和HBDH值与外周血幼稚细胞数呈正相关。结论：血清LDH和HBDH是判定急性白血病疗效的有效指标。     

HBDH在非梗死心肌损伤诊断中的应用探讨

目的：分析HBDH在相关疾病中的活性变化，进一步探讨HBDH在非梗死心肌损伤疾病，特别是心肌炎诊断中的应用价值。方法：选择1000例心肌酶检查HBDH增高患者，同时选择其他HBDH活性增高相关疾病做比较分析，探讨HBDH与疾病的相关性。结果：心肌梗塞时HBDH出现增高达100％；心肌炎时95％增高。结论：HBDH的检测对急性心肌梗死早期诊断具有重要意义，但在心肌炎等非梗死性心肌损伤疾病时，检测心肌酶，并计算LDH／HBD比值，具有临床诊断价值。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病加重期血气分析与血AST、LDH、HBDH、CK关系的探讨

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期血气水平与血AST、LDH、HBDH、CK水平的相关性。方法测定71例老年COPD急性加重期患者的动脉血气分析及血AST、LDH、HBDH、CK水平,探讨其相关性,并比较病例组和正常对照组、病例组不同分组之间四种酶水平的差异。结果病例组四种酶水平比对照组均有显著性升高。重度缺氧组与轻度缺氧组相比LDH有显著性差异,HBDH、CK有高度显著差异,HBDH中度缺氧组与轻度缺氧组比有显著性差异,CK值重度缺氧组比中度缺氧组有高度显著差异。pH<7.30时LDH水平较pH正常时有高度显著性升高,pH<7.35时CK水平显著高于pH正常时。PaCO2对四种酶水平无显著性影响。死亡病例组和存活病例组相比除AST外LDH、HBDH、CK水平均有显著性升高。结论不同缺氧程度时COPD患者LDH、HBDH、CK的升高有显著差异,pH值低于正常对酶水平有一定影响,PaCO2则无显著影响,四种酶的升高预示病情危重。     

Topical treatment with Tong-Luo-San-Jie gel alleviates bone cancer pain in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The herbal analgesic gel Tong-Luo-San-Jie (TLSJ) and its modifications are used in traditional Chinese medicine to manage cancer pain. However, its mechanisms are still unknown.

Aim of the study

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of TLSJ gel on bone cancer pain in a rat model.

Materials and methods

A bone cancer pain rat model was established by inoculating Walker 256 rat carcinoma cells directly into the right tibial medullary cavity of Sprague–Dawley rats (150–170 g); Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tibial inoculation was used as control. Cancer-bearing rats were treated twice a day with external TLSJ gel (0.5 g/cm²/day) or inert gel control for 21 day (n=10/group). Behavioral tests such as mechanical threshold and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were carried out. Osteoclastic activities were determined and carboxyterminal pyridinoline cross-linked type I collagen telopeptides (ICTP) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) concentrations were detected with ELISA after treatment. Adverse effects were monitored, and biochemical and histological tests were performed in naïve rats treated with local TLSJ gel for six weeks.

Results

TLSJ treatment significantly restored bone cancer-induced decrease of PWL and mechanical threshold compared to inert gel. It also decreased the level of blood serum ICTP and BAP and inhibited osteoclast activities. No adverse effects or abnormal biochemical and histological changes were detected after TLSJ treatment.

Conclusion

The present study shows that TLSJ significantly inhibits bone cancer-induced thermal and mechanical sensitization. It suggests that the gel may be useful in managing cancer pain and that it may act by inhibiting osteoclastic activity.     

急性白血病LDH及HBDH测定的临床意义

目的观察急性白血病患者血清LDH及HBDH的含量变化,探讨血清LDH和HBDH与白血病细胞变化的关系及其临床意义。方法采用速率法检测70例白血性白血病患者和24例非白血性白血病患者血清LDH和HB-DH,并与50例健康体检人作对照分析,动态观察了39例急性白血病缓解前后血清LDH和HBDH的变化。结果白血性白血病患者血清LDH和HBDH明显高于非白血性白血病患者和正常对照组(P<0.01),非白血性白血病患者血清LDH和HBDH与正常对照组差异无显著性(P>0.05),而且急性白血病缓解前后血清LDH和HBDH差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论血清LDH和HBDH可作为急性白血病诊断、疗效、预后的一个辅助指标。     

56例巨幼细胞性贫血临床实验室特点分析

目的分析巨幼细胞性贫血（megaloblasticanemia,MA）患者的临床及实验室指标并探讨其临床意义。方法对56例巨幼细胞性贫血患者的临床和肝功能、心肌酶谱、血象和血清造血原料等实验室指标进行回顾性分析。结果56例患者中48例（85．7％）维生素B12缺乏、5例（8．9％）叶酸缺乏;51例（91．1％）出现贫血伴白细胞和（或）血小板减少,3l例（55％）平均红细胞体积（MCV）大于120fL;与正常对照相比,MA患者中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶（HBDH）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆红素（TBIL）和间接胆红素（IBIL）明显增高,差异有高度显著性（P〈0．01）。结论LDH、HBDH、AST、TBIL和IBIL增高可作为巨幼细胞性贫血的临床实验室诊断的重要参考指标。     

严重急性呼吸综合征LDH与HBDH水平的异常改变

目的 :研究严重急性呼吸综合征的患者乳酸脱氢酶与α -羟丁酸脱氢酶的改变特点,结合其他临床指征,探讨其水平与肺损伤的关系。方法 :收集2003年5月～7月住院的35名SARS患者和62名健康人的抗凝血,进行乳酸脱氢酶与α-羟丁酸脱氢酶测定,并与肺心病及急性白血病患者的乳酸脱氢酶与α -羟丁酸脱氢酶的改变进行比较;依据诊断标准将35例SARS病人分为重症组和普通组,其化验结果进行比较。结果 :与正常人相比,SARS组的乳酸脱氢酶(297.31±85.12)和α -羟丁酸脱氢酶(291.09±74.08)均显著增高 ,差别有统计学意义;与正常人相比,肺心病和急性白血病患者乳酸脱氢酶与α -羟丁酸脱氢酶均显著增高;重症SARS组明显高于普通SARS组差别有统计学意义。结论 :SARS患者的LDH和HBDH显著增高 ,其水平可能与肺组织的急性损伤活动程度相关;对于重症SARS的诊断有重要的临床意义;LDH和HBDH的检测可作为SARS诊断的辅助指标     

Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: an easy and sensitive quantitative assay for the detection of female heterozygotes in red blood cells

Different methods for the quantitative determination of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) were compared and one of them found to be highly precise. Maleimide inactivation of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) was investigated. It was shown that this inactivation is time-dependent and causes loss of assay precision. The most precise method was adapted to lysates of red blood cells from females, known to be heterozygote for G-6-PD deficiency and from non-deficient males and females. Heterozygote gene carriers were detected at a rate of 97.0%.