抗生素联合非那雄胺治疗血精症的临床观察

目的探讨及评价抗生素联合非那雄胺选择性治疗炎症性血精症的有效性。方法选择炎症性血精症50例,随机分2组;其中28例联合用药组采用抗生素联合非那雄胺治疗3个月,22例对照组仅用抗生素治疗3个月。结果联合用药组26例血精消失(26/28,92.9%),对照组15例血精消失(15/22,68.2%),两组比较差异有显著性。对照组中7例血精复发,加用非那雄胺治疗3个月后,5例血精消失(5/7,71.4%)。结论血精症主要是下尿路生殖道的炎症,尤其是精囊和前列腺炎引起,联合抗生素和非那雄胺治疗是治疗炎症性血精症的有效方法。     

非那雄胺片的人体生物等效性研究

目的:研究国产与进口非那雄胺片的人体生物等效性。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定18名健康男性志愿者随机交叉单剂量口服非那雄胺片10mg后血清中的药物浓度,计算药动学参数和相对生物利用度,并进行生物等效性评价。结果:国产及进口非那雄胺片的AUC0～t 分别为(990 .80±302. 80)、(1007 .46±333. 65) (μg·h)/L ,Cmax 分别为(119. 22±18. 48)、(114. 08±22 .97) μg/L ,tmax 分别为(2. 89±1. 02)h、(2. 64±0. 54)h ,国产制剂相对于进口制剂的人体生物利用度为(103. 35±29 .75) %。结论:国产与进口非那雄胺片具有生物等效性。     

非那雄胺联合坦洛新术前应用对经尿道前列腺切除术中出血及手术时间的影响

目的：探讨术前非那雄胺、盐酸坦洛新缓释片联合口服对经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）术中出血及手术时间的影响。方法：回顾分析2009年8月-2012年5月76例行经尿道前列腺切除术的患者临床资料。根据术前是否联合服用非那雄胺、盐酸坦洛新缓释片随机分成两组,实验组38例术前联合服用非那雄胺、盐酸坦洛新缓释片,对照组38例术前不用非那雄胺、盐酸坦洛新缓释片。比较两组术中出血总量、术中每克切除组织出血量、术中每分钟出血量,并进行两组手术时长对比。结果：实验组术中出血总量、术中每克切除组织出血量、每分钟出血量、手术时长均较对照组减少,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者年龄、前列腺体积和切除组织重量之间的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：术前短期联合服用非那雄胺、盐酸坦洛新缓释片可以减少TURP术中出血、缩短手术时间,对减少TURP手术创伤有一定的积极作用。     

睾丸切除联合非那雄胺治疗前列腺增生的临床效果观察

目的：探讨睾丸切除联合非那雄胺治疗前列腺增生(BPH)的临床效果。方法选取2010年4月~2014年11月在本院治疗的120例BPH患者,随机进行分组,对照组采取睾丸切除术治疗,观察组采取睾丸切除联合非那雄胺治疗,对比两组患者治疗前后的最大尿流率(MFR)、残余尿量(Ur)、前列腺体积(Vp)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)及生活质量(QOL)评分。结果两组患者治疗后的MFR、Ur、Vp、IPSS及QOL评分均有所改善,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后的MFR、Ur、Vp、IPSS及QOL评分改善程度较对照组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论睾丸切除联合非那雄胺可显著改善BPH的临床症状,其临床疗效优于睾丸切除,值得推广应用。     

非那雄胺与多沙唑嗪联用对鼠前列腺增生模型的影响

目的:探讨非那雄胺与多沙唑嗪联用对鼠前列腺增生模型的影响。方法:将34只雄性W istar大鼠,随机分为模型组(28只)、假手术组(6只)。造模成功后将24只模型鼠随机分为非那雄胺与多沙唑嗪联用、非那雄胺、多沙唑嗪组、阴性对照组,继续予皮下注射丙酸睾酮4mg/d.kg造模,连续4周;假手术组继续予皮下注射等量橄榄油4周。各组实验鼠分别于注射4周后处死,取出前列腺,光镜下观察其形态学变化,计算各实验组前列腺指数(PI)。免疫组化检测bax、fas、bcl-2蛋白表达情况。结果:与阴性对照组相比,给药4周后非那雄胺与多沙唑嗪联用、非那雄胺组PI、bcl-2表达下降(P<0.05),bax、fas表达增加(P<0.05)。结论:两种药物联用显著地降低了鼠前列腺增生的进展,有望成为临床治疗前列腺增生的新方法。     

应用保列治减少前列腺手术出血的临床观察

目的:探讨保列治在前列腺手术减少出血的疗效和作用机制。方法:应用张氏红细胞计数法计算出30例保列治组和30例对照组前列腺手术出血量,应用病理检查和免疫组化S-P法检测前列腺组织中CD34、、bcl-2、PCNA、VEGF的表达。结果:保列治组中每例术中出血132.6m l对照组为236.7m l,两组差别有显著意义(P<0.01);两组中前列腺组织CD34、bcl-2、PCNA、VEGF表达有显著意义(P<0.05),表现为保列治组较对照组明显减弱;病理检查提示保列治组中腺体萎缩,结缔组织增生,血管数目减少。结论:保列治通过抑制前列腺组织中VEGF合成从而抑制前列腺组织中微血管形成,降低血管通透性和脆性;促进细胞凋亡;抑制细胞增殖而减少术中术后的出血。     

Preparation and optimization of aloe ferox gel loaded with Finasteride-Oregano oil nanocubosomes for treatment of alopecia

Alopecia areata is a skin disorder characterized by scarless, localized hair loss that is usually managed by topical treatments that might further worsen the condition. Therefore, the current study aimed to develop nano-cubosomes loaded with finasteride (FI) and oregano oil (Or) to improve drug solubility and permeation through skin and then incorporate it into an aloe ferox gel base. An l-optimal coordinate exchange design was adopted to optimize nano-cubosomes. Phytantriol and Alkyl Acrylate were employed as the lipid material, and surfactant respectively for cubosomes manufacture. The produced formulations were assessed for their particle size, entrapment efficiency (EE%), FI steady-state flux (Jss) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Pro-pionibacterium acnes. Optimal FI-Or-NCu had a particle size of 135 nm, EE% equals 70%, Jss of 1.85 μg/cm2.h, and MIC of 0.44 μg/ml. The optimum formulation loaded gel gained the highest drug release percent and ex vivo skin permeation compared to FI aqueous suspension, and pure FI loaded gel. Aloe ferox and oregano oil in the optimized gel formulation had a synergistic activity on the FI permeation across the skin and against the growth of p. acne bacteria which could favor their use in treating alopecia. Thus, this investigation affirms the ability of FI-Or-NCu loaded aloe ferox gel could be an effective strategy that would enhance FI release and permeation through skin and maximize its favorable effects in treating alopecia.     

Effect of acute ethanol administration and acute allopregnanolone administration on spontaneous hippocampal pyramidal cell neural activity

We investigated the effect of acute ethanol administration and acute allopregnanolone administration on spontaneous hippocampal pyramidal cell neural activity. Both agents produced significant reductions in spontaneous firing rate of hippocampal pyramidal neurons at a medium and high doses. Furthermore, blockade of allopregnanolone biosynthesis by preadministration of finasteride, a 5alpha-reductase blocker, prevented ethanol-induced inhibition on hippocampal pyramidal neural activity. The results further demonstrate similar effects of allopregnanolone and ethanol on hippocampal neurophysiology and that allopregnanolone plays a key role in producing ethanol-induced inhibition of hippocampal neural activity.     

Neuroactive steroid 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one modulates ethanol-induced loss of righting reflex in rats

Systemic ethanol administration elevates plasma and brain levels of GABAergic neuroactive steroids, including 3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (3alpha,5alpha-THP) that contribute to specific behavioral actions of ethanol. The present study determined the effect of adrenalectomy and 5alpha-reductase type-1/type-2 enzyme inhibition, known to reduce neuroactive steroids, on ethanol-induced increases in cerebral cortical levels of 3alpha,5alpha-THP and hypnotic effects in male rats. Systemic ethanol administration to male rats increases plasma levels of progesterone and corticosterone similar to acute stress, indicating release of these steroids from adrenal glands. Adrenalectomy markedly reduced the elevation of cerebral cortical 3alpha,5alpha-THP and plasma progesterone levels and reduced the duration of ethanol-induced loss of righting reflex. Prior systemic administration of 5alpha-dihydroprogesterone (10 or 15 mg/kg, i.p.), an immediate precursor of 3alpha,5alpha-THP, to adrenalectomized rats not only restored the ethanol-induced increases in cerebral cortical 3alpha,5alpha-THP levels but also reversed the effect of adrenalectomy on ethanol-induced loss of righting reflex. Prior administration of the 5alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride (2 x 25, 2 x 75 or 2 x 150 mg/kg, s.c.) and the 5alpha-reductase type-1 inhibitor SKF-105,111 (50 mg/kg, i.p.) did not reduce ethanol-induced increases in the cerebral cortical levels of 3alpha,5alpha-THP at hypnotic doses of ethanol. Furthermore, these drugs did not alter the duration of loss of righting reflex. However, significant correlations between cerebral cortical 3alpha,5alpha-THP levels and the duration of loss of righting reflex were obtained regardless of finasteride administration. These results demonstrate the contributory role of neuroactive steroids in the ethanol-induced loss of righting reflex and the source of ethanol-induced elevation of GABAergic neuroactive steroids. Ethanol-induced increases in neurosteroids could be pertinent to the etiology of sleep-related disorders associated with alcoholism.