Retinopathy of prematurity in infants less than 29 weeks' gestation at birth

From January 1986 to December 1991 we examined the eyes of 206 infants born at Westmead Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit who were less than 29 weeks' gestation at birth to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity. Eighty-five infants (41.3%) had no retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in either eye, 82 infants had stages 1 or 2 ROP (39.8%), 29 had stage 3 ROP (14.1%) and 11 had stage 4 ROP (5.3%). Of these, cryotherapy was performed in 18; six now have bilateral retinal detachment and are blind The more severe stages of ROP were significantly associated with an increase in the number of days of oxygen supplementation, an increase in the number of days of mechanical ventilation and the presence of patent ductus arteriosus. Infants receiving steroids for mechanical ventilator dependence had a significantly greater chance of requiring cryotherapy (11 or 22 receiving steroids versus seven of 43 without steroids; P < 0.01).     

Salvage robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection after cryotherapy failure

We report the first case of post-cryotherapy salvage radical prostatectomy for local recurrence performed laparoscopically with the da Vinci robot. Total operative time was 210 minutes and blood loss was 50ml. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The hospital stay was 24 hours and the Foley catheter was removed on postoperative day 7. The patient achieved a pad free status 4 weeks postoperatively. Pathology showed extensive disease, pT3bN0, Gleason score of 5+3 and positive margins. The patient continued on complete androgen deprivation therapy and his follow up PSA at 10 months was <0.1. Further studies are needed to evaluate both functional and oncological results with this approach.     

急进性后极部早产儿视网膜病变的临床进程及疗效观察

目的 描述急进性后极部早产儿视网膜病变(AP-ROP)的临床进程及特征,评价视网膜光凝及冷凝对急进性后极部早产儿视网膜病变的治疗效果.方法 前瞻性、非对比性、连续性病例.2006年1月至2008年6月经检查确诊为急进性后极部ROP的患儿8例16只眼.确诊后24h内行间接眼底镜下行视网膜光凝治疗联合或不联合直视下冷凝治疗.结果 急进性后极部早产儿视网膜病变以病变大部分位于后极部1区,所有象限视网膜血管扩张迂曲,病程进展快,若不及时治疗,迅速发生视网膜漏斗状全脱离为临床特征.本组8例16只眼视网膜光凝和(或)冷凝治疗后,9只眼病变完全退化或控制,占56.2%.7只眼病情未能控制,最终发展为4b至5期视网膜病变.结论 AP-ROP进展快,预后不良,部分患儿虽经严密观察和治疗,病情仍进展.视网膜光凝和(或)冷凝治疗能控制大部分AP-ROP患儿视网膜病变的发展,挽救患儿视功能.临床上需要加强观察和随访,早发现、早诊断、早治疗是减低该病致盲率的惟一方法.     

Does the type of cryoprobe affect oncological and functional outcomes in men with clinically localized prostate cancer treated with primary whole gland prostate cryoablation?

Background:This study aimed to compare the oncological and functional outcomes of primary whole gland cryoablation of the prostate using the variable ice cryoprobe (V-Probe^®) and the conventional fixed-size ice probe.Materials and methods:We reviewed the Cryo On-Line Data Registry for men who were treated with primary whole gland prostate cryoablation from 2000 through 2017. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare timing to biochemical recurrence between the V-Probe^® and fixed-size ice probe after adjusting for preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA), neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy, preoperative Gleason score, and preoperative T stage.Results:A total of 1124 men were included. Median age, Gleason score, and pretreatment PSA were 70 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 65–74 years), 7 (IQR: 6–7) and 5.9 ng/mL (IQR: 4.6–8.1 ng/mL), respectively. The median follow-up time was 25.0 months (IQR: 11.2–48.6 months). V-Probes^® were used in 269 (23.9%) cases and fixed-size ice probes in 858 (76.1%) cases. After adjusting for clinical T stage, PSA, neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and preoperative Gleason score, on the multivariate Cox regression model, we found that there was no significant difference between the type of probe and timing to biochemical recurrence (p = 0.35). On multivariate logistic regression, using the V-Probe^® was associated with a 91% increase in postoperative urinary retention compared to the fixed-size ice probe (p = 0.003).Conclusions:The use of the V-Probe^® versus conventional fixed-size ice probe was not associated with a difference in biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing primary cryoablation of the prostate.     

平阳霉素治疗跖疣的疗效观察

目的 评价平阳霉素治疗跖疣的临床疗效和安全性.方法 120例跖疣患者随机分为A组、B组和C组各40例,A组患者采用局部注射平阳霉素,每月1次,连续1～2次；B组患者采用CO2激光治疗,每月1次,连续1～2次；C组患者采用液氮冷冻,每月1次,连续1～2次.结果 A组患者治疗后基愈率为75.00％、显效率为17.50％、进步率为7.50％、无效率为0％,总有效率为92.50％；B组患者治疗后基愈率为52.50％、显效率为22.50％、进步率为17.50％、无效率为7.50％,总有效率为75.00％;C组患者治疗后基愈率为50.00％、显效率为22.50％、进步率为22.50％、无效率为5.00％,总有效率为72.50％.A组与B、C组疗效比较差异均有显著的统计学意义(Uc=5.3750,P=0.0204；Uc=6.4645,P=0.0110);B与C组疗效比较差异无显著的统计学意义(Uc=0.0355,P=0.8506).三组患者均无明显不良反应.结论 平阳霉素治疗跖疣是安全的、有效的.     

光动力三阶段疗法治疗肛周尖锐湿疣的临床观察

目的:采用光动力三阶段疗法治疗肛周尖锐湿疣,观察疗效及复发率.方法:将我科门诊肛周尖锐湿疣患者随机分成治疗组(45例)、对照组(35例),分别采用冷冻、光动力疗法及局部免疫调节剂分三个阶段治疗和单纯采用冷冻治疗.比较两组患者的疗效和复发率.结果:治疗组治愈率97.78%,对照组治愈率65.72%;两组患者治疗结束后第4,8和12周时的复发率差异和治愈率均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论:肛周尖锐湿疣进行三阶段治疗,能明显降低复发率,疗效优于单一疗法.     

Traitements de rattrapage après irradiation prostatique : place de l’urologue

The management of recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy or brachytherapy is non-standardized and rapidly evolving. Local recurrence is observed on average in 30% of cases several years following irradiation. A key challenge is to determine the site of recurrence and imaging (MRI and PET choline) coupled to prostate biopsies are important to confirm the local character. Salvage therapy performed by the urologist can then control the situation. Radical prostatectomy subject to strict technical conditions is one of the most efficient local treatments, however it comes at the cost of significant urinary morbidity; minimally invasive therapies (focused ultrasound and cryotherapy) have also their place in specific indications. Each clinical situation should be discussed in pluridisciplinary meetings integrating the oncologic and functional status at recurrence, the risk/benefit ratio of each treatment, the patient's wishes and probability of survival.     

Is it time to put traditional cold therapy in rehabilitation of soft-tissue injuries out to pasture?

Cold therapy has been used regularly as an immediate treatment to induce analgesia following acute soft-tissue injuries, however, a prolonged ice application has proved to delay the start of the healing and lengthen the recovery process. Hyperbaric gaseous cryotherapy, also known as neurocryostimulation, has shown the ability to overcome most of the limitations of traditional cold therapy, and meanwhile promotes the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects well, but the current existing studies have shown conflicting results on its effects. Traditional cold therapy still has beneficial effect especially when injuries are severe and swelling is the limiting factor for recovery after soft-tissue injuries, and therefore no need to be entirely put out to pasture in the rehabilitation practice. Strong randomized controlled trials with good methodological quality are still needed in the future to evaluate the effects of different cryotherapy modalities.