Cor triatriatum associated with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the coronary sinus: Echocardiographic and angiocardiographic features

Summary An infant girl is described who had cor triatriatum and partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection of the left pulmonary veins to the coronary sinus, the first report of this combination of lesions. The infant also had a Dandy-Walker malformation and multiple facial and intrathoracic hemangiomas. The cardiac diagnosis was made by two-dimensional echocardiography. Cardiac catheterization and angiography confirmed the findings and also demonstrated a persistent left superior vena cava draining to the coronary sinus. The infant underwent successful surgical repair. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection and left superior vena cava not infrequently are associated with cor triatriatum. Although two-dimensional echocardiography is sensitive for the detection of cor triatriatum, preoperative cardiac catheterization is necessary to identify unequivocally systemic and pulmonary venous connections.     

前列地尔治疗肺心病并发多脏器衰竭临床研究

目的 探讨前列地尔对肺心病并发多脏器衰竭(MOF)的疗效。方法 对70例患者随机分为A组40例(观察组)，选用前列地尔注射液10～20μg，另给氨茶碱0．25～0．5g，加50％葡萄糖液20～40ml静注，1／d疗程2W。B组不予前列地尔治疗，其余治疗同A组。观察血气(PO、PCO2)、BUN、Cr、CI、EF、神志、呕血、便血、基础情况治疗后A、B两组的变化。结果 A组的显效率及有效率明显高于B组(P＜0．01)，基础情况治疗后A组疗效叫显优于B组(P＜0.01)，但B组间比较无明显改变(P＞0．05)。结论 前列地尔与氨茶碱合用对肺心病并发多脏器衰竭的疗效显著优于单独使用氨茶碱。     

COPD肺心病多器官功能损害

目的 :研究COPD肺心病急性加重期多个器官的受损情况。方法 :采用日本OLYMPUS公司AU10 0 0全自动生化分析仪测量 10 9例肺心病急性加重期患者的 17项血生化指标。并与 110例健康体检者进行对照研究。结果 :两组之间血肌酐 (Cr)差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,总胆红素 (TBIL)及空腹血糖 (GLU)差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其余 14项生化指标P值均 <0 .0 1,两组间差异非常显著。结论 :COPD肺心病急性加重期除了心力衰竭 ,呼吸衰竭之外 ,还常常伴有肝损害、肾损害、高血糖、低脂低胆固醇血症、低蛋白血症及营养不良。保肝护肾 ,注意血糖血脂及营养支持治疗不容忽视     

抗凝治疗肺心病血栓前状态的临床研究

目的探讨肺心病患者的血栓前状态，观察并分析低分子肝素抗凝干预的疗效。方法将54倒肺心病患者分为低分子肝素治疗组和常规治疗组各27例。分别检测治疗前后血浆血管性假血友病因子(VWF)、血浆凝血酶片段1 2(F1 2)、纤堆蛋白原(Fg)、血小板颗粒膜蛋白(GMP-140)和D-二聚体(DD)。结果肺心病患者VWF、F1 2、Fg、GMP-140、DD血浆浓度显著高于对照组；肺心病治疗组经LMWH治疗后上述各凝血分子标记物及PaCO2明显降低。而PaO2显著增高。常规组虽血气指标略有改善。但凝血分子标记物未见改善。结论尽早检测肺心病血栓前状态，及时给予低分子肝素抗凝干预，有望从根本上改善肺心病惠性加重期患者的不良预后。     

慢性肺心病心电图诊断标准探讨

通过对慢性肺心病缓解期患者、ＣＯＰＤ高危人群及正常人群心电图的对比观察，结合全国肺心病心电图诊断标准（以下简称“标准”）、Ｄｏｌ－Ｂｉｌｇｅｒ指数和Ｂｕｔｌｅｒ心电图标准进行分析，发现“标准”中的一些指标敏感性很低，正确性较差。而Ｄｏｌ－Ｂｉｌｇｅｒ指数和Ｂｕｔｌｅｒ心电图标准中的ＲⅠ≤０．２ｍＶ的敏感性、特异性及正确性较高。若在“标准”中去除敏感性低的Ｖ１Ｒ／Ｓ≥１、Ｖ１－Ｖ３呈ＱＳ、Ｑｒ、ｑｒ型和低电压时ＰⅡ＞Ｒ／２，Ｐ电轴≥＋８０°，其总敏感性无差异，加上Ｖ５ａ／ｂ＜１和ＲⅠ≤０．２ｍＶ这两项指标，则敏感性显著提高，特异性和正确性有所提高。     

老年慢性肺心病的治疗及川芎嗪的作用

以３８例老年肺心病人分为常规治疗（２２例）、常规治疗加川芎嗪（１６例）比较其治疗前后血流变性改变。发现治疗均使高切全血还原粘度、高切全血粘度显著下降（Ｐ＜０．００１及＜０．０５、０．０２）。加用川芎嗪则还使低切全血粘度与血球压积显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５、０．０２）。借此讨论缺氧性肺血管收缩及血粘滞性在肺心病病因学中的相关性；认为肺心病治疗的基本疗效是缺氧性肺血管收缩的逆转和血粘滞性改善。加用川芎嗪等改善血管顺应性和血粘滞性药物更有利于该疾患病理的逆转。     

Component-Resolved Diagnosis of Hazelnut Allergy in Children

Hazelnuts commonly elicit allergic reactions starting from childhood and adolescence, with a rare resolution over time. The definite diagnosis of a hazelnut allergy relies on an oral food challenge. The role of component resolved diagnostics in reducing the need for oral food challenges in the diagnosis of hazelnut allergies is still debated. Therefore, three electronic databases were systematically searched for studies on the diagnostic accuracy of specific-IgE (sIgE) on hazelnut proteins for identifying children with a hazelnut allergy. Studies regarding IgE testing on at least one hazelnut allergen component in children whose final diagnosis was determined by oral food challenges or a suggestive history of serious symptoms due to a hazelnut allergy were included. Study quality was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Eight studies enrolling 757 children, were identified. Overall, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve and diagnostic odd ratio of Cor a 1 sIgE were lower than those of Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 sIge. When the test results were positive, the post-test probability of a hazelnut allergy was 34% for Cor a 1 sIgE, 60% for Cor a9 sIgE and 73% for Cor a 14 sIgE. When the test results were negative, the post-test probability of a hazelnut allergy was 55% for Cor a 1 sIgE, 16% for Cor a9 sIgE and 14% for Cor a 14 sIgE. Measurement of IgE levels to Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 might have the potential to improve specificity in detecting clinically tolerant children among hazelnut-sensitized ones, reducing the need to perform oral food challenges.     

高血压及血糖水平对老年冠心病患者左室舒张功能的影响

目的：探讨年龄、高血压及血糖异常对老年冠心病（CHD）患者左室舒张功能的影响。方法：采用二次瓣彩色多普勒频谱测定中午CHD组24例、老年CHD组25例、合并症（CHD合并高血压、高血糖）组20例的左室舒张功能参数及空腹血糖值。结果：各组心脏指数和射血分数均正常。各线间血糖值相比（均为P＜0．05）。老年CHD组舒张早、晚期血清峰值比（E／A）下降（P＜0．01）,舒张早期血流加速度（AC）减低（P＜0．01）,以合并症组尤为明显（P＜0．001）。结论：随年龄增长,高血压及血糖异常可明显加重老年CHD患者左室舒张功能障碍。