Clinical observation on the effect of Chinese medicine-“TCM formula” intervention on recurrence and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer

ObjectiveThis study used a prospective cohort study to observe the effect of triple-negative breast cancer on the 2-year disease-free survival rate with or without “TCM formula”.MethodsFrom November 1 st, 2016, the first patient was enrolled in the cohort study. A total of 356 patients were enrolled on January 30, 2019. Among them, 154 cases were followed up for 2 years. During the follow-up, there were 6 cases of shedding, so 6 cases were affected. A total of 148 cases were included in the analysis, including 73 in the exposed group and 75 in the non-exposed group. The exposed group was given “TCM formula” on the basis of standardized treatment, and the non-exposed group was treated with simple triple-negative breast cancer. The two groups visited each of the three months. The interview included safety examination (hematology and imaging). The endpoint was the difference in 2-year invasive disease-free survival between the exposed and non-exposed groups and the safety of the “TCM formula”.ResultsThere were 6 cases of shedding during the experiment and the shedding rate was 3.9 %. The 2-year rate of invasive disease-free survival in the exposed team was 88.7 % and the non-exposed group was 82.5 %. Logistic multivariate regression analysis predicted that “TCM formula” could reduce the disease-related recurrence and metastasis rate by 11 % (OR = 0.89, 95 % CI 0.37−0.956, P＜0.05). Through K–M survival analysis, TNBC patients with age ≤35 years and regional lymph node stage N1 may be the benefit group of “TCM formula”(P＜0.05). During the study, the incidence of total adverse events was 8.2 % in the exposed group, mainly manifested as stomach discomfort, diarrhea, and hepatocyte damage.Conclusion1. In the exposed group, the two-year rate of invasive disease-free survival increased by 6.2 % compared with the non-exposed group(P＞0.05). 2. According to K–M survival analysis, TNBC patients with age ≤35 years and regional lymph node metastasis to N1 may be potential beneficiaries of “TCM formula”. 3. “TCM Formula” is safe and tolerable to most patients.     

血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇直接测定与Friedewald公式计算结果比较

采用聚乙烯硫酸（ＰＶＳ）沉淀法测定血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）值，同时应用Ｆｒｉｅｄｅｗａｌｄ公式计算ＬＤＬ－Ｃ含量，并对两法结果进行比较分析，提出当甘油三脂（ＴＧ）＜４．５２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，Ｆ公式计算法可代替ＰＶＳ法，当ＴＧ＞４．５２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，不宜用Ｆ公式计算ＬＤＬ－Ｃ的值。     

Quantitative relationship between pupillary reflex feature and its diopter in retinoscopy

ＱｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｐｕｐｉｌｌａｒｙｒｅｆｌｅｘｆｅａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｉｔｓｄｉｏｐｔｅｒｉｎｒｅｔｉｎｏｓｃｏｐｙＸｕＳｈａｎｇ（徐上）；ＪｉＳｈａｎｇｎｉａｎ（计尚年）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＯｐｈｔｈ...     

Allergic reactions to raw, pasteurized, and homogenized/pasteurized cow milk: a comparison

Five children aged 12-40 months with IgE-mediated adverse reactions to cow milk (immediate onset clinical pattern of cow milk allergy) were orally challenged double-blind in random order with three different milk preparations processed from the same batch of milk 1) raw untreated cow milk, 2) pasteurized cow milk, 3) homogenized and pasteurized cow milk, and 4) Nutramigen (a commercial hypoallergenic infant formula based on hydrolysed casein) as placebo. Skin prick tests with the same preparations were also performed. On oral challenge the three different processed milk types provoked significant and similar allergic reactions in each child, and no adverse reactions followed the challenge with placebo (Nutramigen). Skin prick test with the same milk products were positive in all children and comparable to the results with an extract of purified raw cow milk protein (Soluprick), whereas Nutramigen did not elicit any skin reactions. A tendency towards a lower threshold of reaction and larger skin reactions induced by the processed milk preparations might indicate an increased ability of pasteurized and homogenized/pasteurized milk to evoke allergic reactions in patients allergic to milk.     

Renal acid excretion in early infancy

In early infancy, complex disorders of acid base metabolism are more frequent than in any other age group, with a predisposition to metabolic acidosis due to an age-related low renal capacity for acid excretion and an unphysiologically high actual renal acid load in nutrition with common formulas. Recently in preterm and small-for-gestational-age infants, persistent maximum renal net acid excretion (NAE) with subnormal or normal blood acid base status, impaired weight gain, and adaptive hormonal reactions have been observed. Incipient late metabolic acidosis is one example of a mixed disorder of acid base metabolism with maximum renal NAE in early infancy. Alkali therapy is highly effective and can be realized both on an individual basis, using urine pH screening as a diagnostic criterium for maximum renal acid stimulation, or on a general preventive level using modified standard formula with a reduced actual renal NAE similar to that seen on alimentation with human milk. From an integrated point of view, the low glomerular filtration rate and renal capacity for acid excretion beyond the developmental age of more than 44 weeks, may well be interpreted as the result of a specific adaptation to breast feeding sparing energy, and thus an evolutionary advantage for the survival of mother and child. Received July 10, 1996; received in revised form and accepted October 7, 1996     

Adhesion inhibitory activity of β-lactoglobulin isolated from infant formulae

β-Lactoglobulin was isolated from infant formulae that were ultra high temperature (UHT) -treated, sterilized or spray-dried. The effect of the isolated β-lactoglobulin on SfaII-fimbriae-mediated adhesion of Escherichia coli to human ileostomy glycoproteins was studied in vitro. β-Lactoglobulin isolated from sterilized formulae was found to perform significantly less well than preparations from spray-dried formulae (p = 0:05). Great heterogeneity was observed in the adhesion inhibitory capacity of β-lactoglobulin isolated from UHT-treated formulae. Therefore, no significant difference was observed between UHT-treated and sterilized formulae or spray-dried formulae (p < 0:10). It can be hypothesized that β-lactoglobulin from spray-dried and some UHT-treated infant formulae may affect the colonization of mucous membranes by E. coli strains causing neonatal septicaemia and meningitis.     

复方红芪减方对周围神经再生影响的实验研究

目的　研究复方红芪提取液进行减方后对周围神经再生的作用。方法　建立钳夹损伤大鼠双侧坐骨神经的动物模型。按术后每日灌服药物的不同将 40只SD雄性大鼠随机均分为 4组。对照组 :灌服生理盐水 ;复方红芪组 :灌服复方红芪提取液 2ml ;减方组 :灌服复方红芪减方后提取液 2ml;补阳还五汤组 :灌服补阳还五汤 2ml。术后 2周及 4周 ,观察坐骨神经功能指数、运动神经传导速度及单位视野有髓神经纤维计数。结果　坐骨神经功能指数 :红芪组和减方组与对照组、红芪组与减方组的差异均有显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,且减方组优于红芪组 (P >0 .0 5 )。有髓神经纤维计数 :复方红芪组优于对照组 (P<0 0 1) ,减方组明显优于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而红芪组与减方组间无显著差异。运动神经传导速度 :红芪组、减方组、补阳还五汤组与对照组相比 ,均优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,但前 3组间无明显差异。结论　复方红芪减方提取液早期可以促进周围神经再生 ,药效更为专一 ,且优于传统方剂补阳还五汤。     

Comparison of electrical field plethysmography with electrical impedance plethysmography

As a means for assessing cardiac function, electrical field plethysmography (EFP) has been shown to have some features quite different from electrical impedance plethysmography (EIP). Here the two techniques are compared by using the two systems simultaneously on a subject and also with independent use in different electrode configurations. The results conform with the view that EIP is related primarily to volumetric changes of the aorta, whereas EFP is affected predominantly by changes in cardiac dimensions and orientation. Because of this difference, the standard time differential formula used for EIP is not applicable for the computation of cardiac output from the EFP waveforms. An alternative method of computation based on the amplitude of the EFP waveform is suggested.     

Whey hydrolysate compared with cow's milk-based formula for weaning at about 6 months of age in high allergy-risk infants: effects on atopic disease and sensitization

Ninety-one high atopy-risk infants were prospectively followed up to 18 months of age with regard to the development of allergic/atopic manifestations and sensitization. They were randomized into one of two feeding groups, i.e., a hydrolyzed, ultrafiltered cow's milk whey formula, Profylac® ( n = 32), or an ordinary cow's milk formula ( n = 39), for 12 months, started after exclusive breast-feeding for 0–9 (median 6.0) months. Lactating mothers avoided milk, egg, and fish, as did the infants up to 12 months of age. Twenty of the 91 infants were breast-fed exclusively for more than 9 months and regarded as a control group. All infants were followed-up by questionnaires, physical examinations, skin prick tests, and determination of serum total IgE and cow's milk-specific IgE. The frequency of allergic/atopic disease was similar in the three groups. However, all three infants who developed cow's milk allergy with skin symptoms belonged to the cow's milk formula group. The skin prick test with whey hydrolysate was negative in all, while with cow's milk it was positive in eight infants. Growth was similar in the three groups. The study comprises too few infants to allow us to make statistically based statements. However, the difficulties encountered and the limited effects obtained by the use of whey hydrolysate at weaning at about 6 months of age made us conclude that we can spare high atopy-risk families this extra burden.     

A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of bovine β-lactoglobulin in infant feeding formulas and in human milk

We developed a sensitive sandwich-type ELISA for measuring low levels of cow's milk (CM) β-lactoglobulin. Purified anti-β-lactoglobulin was used as coating antibody and also as second antibody conjugated with alkaline phosphatase. Polyethylene glycol 6000 was added to the incubation buffers to improve sensitivity. The detection limit of the assay was 0.002 μg/l, which is much better than sensitivities reported for other β-lactoglobulin assays. The sensitivity was not impaired by the presence of other CM proteins. The recovery from breast milk was 93% and from the diluting buffer 127%. The coefficient of variation within day was 5–15% and between days 10%. One hour after oral intake of milk, P-lactoglobulin could be detected in the breast milk of three mothers at concentrations of about 1–2 μg/l. Widely different concentrations of β-lactoglobulin were measured in two protein hydrolysates based on CM whey and casein proteins; the observed concentrations were 200 and 0.0056 μg P-lactoglobulinμ/g dry weight, respectively.