Comparative morphological study on the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores (CTC) in reeves’ muntjac deer (Muntiacus reevesi)

The lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores (CTC) from Reeves’ muntjac deers (herbivorous artiodactyla) were studied using light and scanning electron microscopy and then compared to those of other mammalian species. At the posterior portion of the tongue, the Reeves’ muntjac has a lingual prominence on which large conical papillae are distributed. On the dorsal surface of the anterior tongue, numerous filiform papillae were found. Externally, each filiform papilla consists of a rod-shaped main process and several small accessory processes. Their CTCs consist of 10 or more rod-shaped processes arranged in a horseshoe pattern and several posterior processes forming a small circular pattern. This structure is a common characteristic of artiodactyla, through which Reeves’ muntjac deer can be categorized in a position in the artiodactyla class lying between the bighorn sheep and the East African bongo. Fungiform papillae are distributed among the filiform papillae on the anterior portion of the tongue. Large fungiform papillae are also sparsely distributed on the lingual prominence and have several taste buds in the epithelium on the surface. Ten or more vallate papillae are distributed at the postero-lateral area of the lingual prominence and numerous taste buds are distributed in the epithelium of their side.     

一种新的循环肿瘤细胞检测平台在膀胱癌诊疗中的初步应用

目的 初步探索一种新的循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)检测平台在膀胱癌诊疗中的应用.方法 选取膀胱癌患者10例为试验组,健康志愿者5例为对照组.10例患者均接受经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术.术前分别取试验组和对照组的外周全血样本10 ml、尿液样本10 ml,术后再次取试验组的外周全血、尿液样本各10 ml.使用Celsee PREP 400TM循环肿瘤细胞检测平台分别检测所有样本中所含CTC,对比术前试验组与对照组血、尿样本中的CTC,对比试验组术前、术后的CTC.随访12个月,监测患者是否出现复发或进展.结果 试验组术前血样本中均发现CTC,中位数为4个(1~9个);对照组均未发现CTC.试验组术后血样本中,8例(80%)发现CTC,中位数为1.5个(1~4个),2例(20%)未发现CTC.膀胱癌患者术前与术后血样本中的CTC比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.014).尿液样本因杂质堵塞微通道而无法检测样本中的CTC.随访1年,患者无疾病进展/复发生存率为80%.结论 Celsee PREP 400TM循环肿瘤细胞检测平台可有效检测血样本中的CTC,值得进一步探索其在膀胱癌诊疗中的应用.     

481例恶性肿瘤患者循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)检测的回顾性分析

 目的  基于CellSearch平台,回顾性分析肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、前列腺癌7类肿瘤患者循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell,CTC)数量及形态特征,探讨其临床价值。方法  回顾分析复旦大学附属中山医院检验科2014年12月至2016年4月7类肿瘤患者共481例CTC检测结果,有CTC检出者回顾原始荧光检测图像,随访时间更新至2018年4月。比较7类肿瘤患者术前、术后CTC数量变化及形态特征。分析肝癌患者不同治疗阶段的CTC形态变化及其临床价值。结果  术前组CTC检出率为53%～100%,术后组为0～37%,7类肿瘤术后组均有显著下降,其中乳腺癌和胃癌下降最为显著(χ2=9.12, P=0.003; χ2=5.76, P=0.016)。不同肿瘤CTC形态存在较大异质性,以肝癌和肺癌为甚。肝癌患者连续监测结果显示,不同治疗阶段的CTC数量及形态均有变化且与临床预后相关。结论  7类肿瘤术后组CTC7.5检出率显著低于术前组。在肝癌治疗监测过程中,CTC形态变化对于治疗反应及临床预后可能有一定的提示作用。     

Single-cell analysis of CTCs with diagnostic precision: opportunities and challenges for personalized medicine

The generation of variant cancer cells is the major cause of acquired resistance against systemic therapies and consequently, of our inability to cure advanced cancer patients. Circulating tumor cells are gaining increasing clinical attention because they may enable the monitoring cancer progression and adjustment of treatment. In recent years multiple technologies for enrichment, isolation as well as molecular and functional analysis of circulating tumor cells have been developed. Implementation of these technologies in standardized and automated workflows in clinical diagnostics could provide valuable information for real-time monitoring of cancer and eventually new therapeutic strategies for the benefit of patients.     

Detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with pancreatic cancer: a preliminary result

Background/Purpose

It has been reported that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can be used to predict survival in metastatic breast cancer. In this preliminary study, we examined the level of CTCs in pancreatic cancer (PC) patients to elucidate whether we could predict survival in PC.

Methods

The eligible subjects, at Tokyo Medical University Hospital, were 26 patients with PC, 11 with chronic pancreatitis, and 10 healthy volunteers. Three PC patients underwent surgery, 18 patients (who were stage IV) were treated with gemcitabine (GEM), and 5 patients received best supportive care (BSC).

Results

The CTC count was 1/7.5 ml blood or higher (defined as positive) in 11 of the 26 patients (42%; mean, 16.9/7.5 ml blood; range, 1-105/7.5 ml blood). Gemcitabine was administered to 6 of the 11 CTC-positive patients (3.8 courses on average). The treatment was continued for more than three courses in 2 patients, in both of whom the CTC count was only 1/7.5 ml blood. Operation was performed in 1 of the 11 CTC-positive patients. The remaining 4 patients of the 11 CTC-positive patients received only BSC. CTC was negative in 15 patients with PC (stage II, 1; stage III, 1; stage IVa, 7; and stage IVb, 6) and in the subjects with benign conditions. The median survival times (MSTs) of the CTC-positive and-negative patients were 110.5 and 375.8 days (P < 0.001). When the analysis was limited to the 14 stage-IVb patients, the MSTs of the CTC-positive and-negative patients were 52.5 and 308.3 days (P < 0.01).

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that the detection of CTCs in peripheral blood may be useful to predict prognosis in patients with PC.     

IsoFluxTM系统在乳腺癌循环肿瘤细胞检测中的应用分析

目的探讨运用IsoFlux~(TM)系统在乳腺癌患者外周血循环肿瘤细胞(Circulating tumor cells,CTCs)检测中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析深圳市人民医院甲乳外科2015年12月～2017年5月收治的23例女性乳腺癌患者运用IsoFlux~(TM)系统进行循环肿瘤细胞检测的临床资料,并将CTCs数量与肿块大小、TNM分期的关系进行统计学分析。结果 23例乳腺癌患者中,可手术乳腺癌患者22例,术前使用IsoFlux~(TM)系统全部检测到CTCs,阳性捕获率100%,每7.5 m L全血样本中CTCs数目2～4201个不等,中位数173.5个;另1例为乳腺癌术后2年出现双肺多发结节、怀疑肺转移的患者,未检测到CTCs,根据CTCs结果对其肺部结节初步排除肺转移可能。22例可手术乳腺癌患者的肿块大小和log(CTCs)显著相关,CTCs的数量与乳腺癌TNM分期(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)不存在显著的相关性。结论此次将IsoFlux TM系统应用于乳腺癌CTCs检测的探索性研究初步证明,该系统敏感性高、捕获力强,是乳腺癌患者CTCs检测的一个理想选择,有助于监测乳腺癌术后的复发和转移情况。     

Site‐specific cytomorphology of disseminated PC‐3 prostate cancer cells visualized in vivo with fluorescent proteins

Circulating tumor cells (CTC) may reach multiple organ sites. However, CTC seeding and growth in distant organs is not random. Each metastatic site may contain a specific subpopulation of the original metastatic tumor capable of growing at that site. The fluorescent orthotopic prostate cancer model (PC‐3‐GFP) model was used for immunomagnetic capture of CTC. The captured CTC were efficiently cultivated in vitro. PC‐3‐GFP cells were also isolated from various metastatic sites, grown in vitro and examined under fluorescence microscopy. The differential morphology was compared of primary tumor cells, CTC and disseminated (DTC) from multiple metastatic sites, from nude mice with orthotopic PC‐3‐GFP. The cultured captured CTC and DTC from various organs have distinctive morphologies. Distinct cancer cell morphologies were observed at different metastatic sites as well as among CTC. The distinct morphologies were maintained during in vitro culture. The results demonstrate extensive tumor heterogeneity that could account for the widely different behavior of cancer cells in a single tumor. Further hetereogeneity testing would be a big promise for personalizing the cancer treatment in the future. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

重离子束辐照诱变及高通量筛选金霉素高产菌株

应用不同剂量12C+6重离子束对金霉素链霉菌出发菌株B9-34-125进行辐照诱变,并应用96和48孔板高通量筛选金霉素高产菌株。结果表明：当重离子束12C+6离子的辐照剂量为60Gy时,对金霉素链霉菌的诱变效果显著,筛选出5株优势菌株,其中Z-1452菌株摇瓶发酵效价较对照提高14.4%,60m3发酵效价较对照提高5.7%,产量提高了2.6%。