仿真技术在基因芯片杂交仪微流路设计中的应用

目的：为了加快基因芯片技术的推广和应用,研制一种集基因芯片清洗、温育、杂交等于一体的新型仪器,使整个过程可在计算机控制下自动完成。方法：借助计算机辅助设计（computeraideddesign,CAD）技术,针对基因杂交仪微流路模块进行建模;借助计算流体力学（computationalfluiddynamics,CFD）技术,应用CFX软件建模分析得到不同流路方式的液流情况;对固架承载结构进行静强度分析,得到其承载分布情况;对电加热模块进行热-固耦合分析,得到微流路模块热应力情况。结果：仿真技术为微流路设计提供了参考和依据,从而更高效地设计出了满足实验流程的基因芯片杂交、清洗微流路模块,避免了结构工艺因素的影响,使得到的实验数据更加科学可信。结论：运用仿真技术完成对微流路模块的设计研究,可以有效地缩短开发周期、节省试验成本,对于该类产品的试制与性能测试具有一定的参考意义。     

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacteroides (Mycobacterium) abscessus complex,Mycolicibacterium (Mycobacterium) fortuitum,and Mycobacteroides (Mycobacterium) chelonae

The drug susceptibility of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) varies among isolates. Treatment strategies similarly differ depending on the isolate, and for some, no clear strategy has been identified. This complicates clinical management of RGM. Following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard M24-A2, we assessed the susceptibility of 140 RGM isolates to 14 different antimicrobial drugs by measuring their minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). We also investigated the correlation of clarithromycin (CAM) MICs with the erm(41) and rrl gene mutations in the Mycobacteroides (Mycobacterium) abscessus complex, the rrl mutation in Mycobacteroides (Mycobacterium) chelonae, and the erm(39) mutation in Mycolicibacterium (Mycobacterium) fortuitum to determine the contribution of these mutations to CAM susceptibility. The five species and subspecies examined included 48 M. abscessus subsp. abscessus isolates (34.3%), 35 (25.0%) being M. abscessus subsp. massiliense, and two (1.4%) being M. abscessus subsp. bolletii. The M. abscessus complex accounted for 85 isolates (60.7%) in total, whereas 43 isolates (30.7%) were M. fortuitum, and 12 (8.6%) were M. chelonae. Our results demonstrated species-specific susceptibility to antimicrobials. In most cases, susceptibility to CAM could be predicted based on genetic pattern, but since one isolate did not fit that pattern, MIC values needed to be measured. Some isolates also exhibited rates of resistance to other drugs that differed from those previously reported in other locations, indicating that accurate identification of the bacterial isolate and use of the correct method for determining MIC are both important for the diagnosis of RGM.