地方性氟中毒病区胎儿肾上腺皮质细胞超微结构体视学研究

对地方性氟病病区胎儿肾上腺皮质细胞进行超微结构体视学研究。结果显示：病区胎儿肾上腺皮质细胞核比表面和核平均体积缩小，细胞平均截面积和平均体积缩小；线粒体肿胀，平均周长和平均体积增大；粗面内质网体密度缩小。结果表明：机体过量氟对胎儿肾上腺皮质细胞超微结构有损伤作用。     

CT导向下经皮射频消融术治疗肾上腺恶性肿瘤

目的对29例肾上腺肿瘤患者行射频消融（RFA）治疗，研究其近期局部治疗效果、不良反应和副作用。方法肾上腺肿瘤患者共29例，病灶总数31个，其中直径≤2．0cm的病灶共5个，2．1-4．0cm者18个，4．1-6．0cm者5个，≥6．1cm者3个，经RFA治疗1个月后行螺旋CT双期增强扫描评价肿瘤治疗效果。结果上述病灶经消融治疗后达到完全坏死者分别为5个、18个、3个、2个。患者无严重并发症出现。结论RFA治疗安全可靠，副作用小，是治疗肾上腺恶性肿瘤的有效方法之一。     

大鼠肾上腺细胞经胶原凝胶三维培养后进行同种移植的实验研究

Objective To investigate a novel method of adrenocotical cells transplantation. Methods Adrenal glands of neonate rats were dissociated into adrenal cortical cells. Cells were cultured in self-made collagen type Ⅰ gel for one week, and then transplanted under the renal capsule of bilateral adrenalectomy mate rats. Blood samples were collected per week after surgery. Animals were sacrificed at the 8th week, and histological characteristics of the allografts, proliferation of transplanted cells, CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 expression as well as plasma aldosterone and corticosterone were observed. Results There were totally 15 rats receiving collagen gel transplantation, and 12 survived 8 weeks post-operation. The plasma cortocosterone level in collagen gel transplantation group was significantly higher than in adrenocortical cell transplantation group, and reached the normal level from 6th to 8th week, but the change in plasma aldosterone level in collagen gel transplantation group was similar to that of adrenocortical cell transplantation group. The adrenocortical cells cultured in gel grew well, and had a high proliferation rate. 95% of them were fasciculata cells which expressed CYP11B1, and the rest were glomerulosa cells which expressed CYP11B2. No inflammatory cell infiltration was observed. Conclusion The proliferation and function of adrenocortical cells could be promoted when they were cultured in collagen gel.     

肾上腺区神经节细胞瘤(附18例报告)

目的较全面的了解神经节细胞瘤的临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析18例病理确诊的神经节细胞瘤患者临床表现、实验室检查、影像学检查和治疗效果。结果15例是无临床症状的影像学偶然发现病例,内分泌检查均在正常范围;另外3例以阵发性高血压为主要临床表现,其中1例尿儿茶酚胺升高,肾上腺髄质显像(MIBG)阳性。18例B型超声检查均为低回声;13例CT平扫见散在点状高密度影,12例CT增强扫描肿瘤周边强化明显。手术前诊断为嗜铬细胞瘤12例,神经节细胞瘤4例,肾上腺无功能腺瘤2例。18例行肿瘤切除,随访6个月~7年,高血压症状消失,2例肿瘤复发。结论肾上腺区神经节细胞瘤与肾上腺髄质肿瘤难以鉴别,综合各项影像学检查对诊断有较高的参考价值。手术治疗是唯一的有效方法。     

后腹腔镜治疗肾上腺肿瘤35例临床分析

目的总结后腹腔镜技术治疗肾上腺肿瘤的临床经验.方法采用后腹腔镜切除肾上腺肿瘤35例,男12例,女23例.年龄25岁～72岁,平均49.8岁.左侧15例,右侧20例.其中嗜铬细胞瘤5例,原发性醛固酮增多症10,柯兴氏病2例,神经节细胞瘤2例,无功能性腺瘤16例.腰部取3个套管针穿刺入路,用自制的水囊扩张器扩张后腹腔,用超声刀将肿瘤切除.结果 35例手术均成功,无中转开放手术病例.术中出血量10～500 ml,平均74 ml.病人均未输血.手术时间45～200 min,平均90 min.结论后腹腔镜手术切除肾上腺肿瘤手术效果确切,手术时间短,术中出血少,损伤小,术后恢复快,可以替代绝大多数肾上腺肿瘤开放手术.     

米非司酮试验在库欣综合征诊断上的应用

应用一次法口服４ｍｇ／ｋｇ的米非司酮（ＲＵ４８６）观察１７例单纯性肥胖和７例疑似库欣组的病人服药前后的反应，并与１０例正常人以及２９例库欣综合征病人进行比较，发现库欣综合征病人服药以后，血Ｆ２４小时尿Ｆ及血ＡＣＴＨ均无显著性变化（Ｐ〉０．０５），而其他三组各指标均升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。并得出鉴别库欣综合征与非库欣综合征的标准为：血Ｆ增加的百分比为３０％２４小时尿Ｆ增加百分比为１８％，ＡＣＴＨ增加百     

急性中风中脏腑证型与垂体-肾上腺轴激素关系的研究

目的 :探讨急性中风中脏腑证型与垂体—肾上腺轴激素的促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH)、皮质醇 (CS)的关系。方法 :对 78例中脏腑患者进行辨证分型 ,同时利用放射免疫分析 (RIA)法测定血中 ACTH、CS含量 ,按证型分为四组 ,对比不同证型间 ACTH、CS的水平 ,并与健康人组 (60例 )作对照。结果 :ACTH、CS含量水平比较 :1四种证型的 ACTH、CS均比正常健康人组高 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;2四种证型间比较有明显差异 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,从高到低为 :痰热内闭心窍证 >风火上扰清窍证 >痰湿蒙塞心神证 >元气败脱、心神散乱证。结论 :ACTH、CS含量水平可作为判别中脏腑不同证型间的微观指标     

Effects of MPP+ on catecholamine levels in adrenal glands and heart of rats

The effects of MPP⁺ (2.5–20 mg/kg) on the adrenal glands and heart were investigated in rats. At various periods after s.c. drug administration the rats were decapitated and tissue catecholamine levels were determined by means of HPLC with electrochemical detection. Adrenal dopamine (DA) levels were reduced at 2–8 h after MPP⁺ administration, but this decrease was followed by an elevation after 16 h and return to the control values after one week. Three successive injections of MPP⁺ caused a statistically significant elevation in adrenal DA, one day, with a tendency to elevation four and seven days after the last injection, whereas a severe (up to 96%) decrease in heart noradrenaline (NA) was found one day after the last injection. Seven days after the last injection a 50% depletion of NA in the heart was still observed. Pretreatment with GBR 12909 (30 mg/kg, 4 h) blocked the MPP⁺ (10 mg/kg, 2 h) induced reduction of adrenal DA levels, but at the same time GBR 12909 failed to block the effects of MPP⁺ in the heart. One day after three successive daily injections of MPP⁺ (10 mg/kg each), the DA-uptake inhibitor GBR 12909 (30 mg/kg, 6 h) could still induce an increase in adrenal DA.MPP⁺ appears to lack persistent cytotoxic action in the adrenal medulla but rather to cause a transient inhibition of DA synthesis followed by a compensatory stimulation. The inhibition can be blocked by specific inhibitor of the DA-uptake mechanism, suggesting a direct effect of MPP⁺ taken up by adrenomedullary cells. The data obtained so far do not suggest any involvement of peripheral dopaminergic nerves in the action of MPP⁺ on the adrenal medulla. The long-lasting depletion of the heart NA, however, suggests a lesion of peripheral noradrenergic nerves.Part of this work was presented at 6th International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell Biology, Marburg, Germany, 18–23 August 1991 Correspondence to: M. Kujacic at the above address     

氟西汀对2型糖尿病合并抑郁症患者下丘脑-垂体肾上腺轴功能及临床疗效的影响

目的探讨氟西汀对 2型糖尿病合并抑郁症患者的下丘脑 垂体 肾上腺轴 (HPA)功能的影响及其临床意义。方法测定 98例 2型糖尿病患者和 3 4例正常对照组基础血皮质醇 (F ,0 8:0 0am、16:0 0pm)、小剂量地塞米松抑制试验 (DST)后血F、2 4h尿游离皮质醇 (UFC)。将 64例 2型糖尿病伴发抑郁症患者随机分成A组 (服用氟西汀组 ,3 2例 )和B组 (未服用氟西汀组 ,3 2例 )。予 6周治疗。分别于治疗前、后进行HAMD评分及代谢控制水平评估。结果 ( 1)血F( 0 8:0 0am、16:0 0pm)、2 4h尿UFC、DST脱抑制例数2型糖尿病患者较正常对照组增高 (P <0 .0 1) ,2型糖尿病伴抑郁症组 (DD组 )较无抑郁症组 (DM组 )增高(P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。 ( 2 )经 6周治疗后 ,服用氟西汀组 (A组 )较未服用氟西汀组 (B组 )糖皮质激素水平降低 (P <0 .0 1)、HAMD评分降低 (P <0 .0 1) ,糖脂代谢改善 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。 ( 3 ) 2 4h尿UFC与HbA1C呈正相关性 (r =0 .5 69,P <0 .0 1)、IR呈正相关 (r =0 .65 3 ,P <0 .0 1)、与HAMD评分呈正相关性 (r =0 .3 5 2 ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论 2型糖尿病及合并抑郁症患者HPA轴功能紊乱 ,加重了糖代谢紊乱和胰岛素抵抗 ;氟西汀干预治疗抑郁症可改善抑郁症和糖脂代谢。