动脉粥样硬化形成和消退的形态学研究

本文报告动脉粥样硬化(AS)形成和消退研究的部分工作。在复制AS形成和消退模型的基础上,研究了AS形成和消退中的内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和单核细胞的改变。     

HLA antigens in uveitis

HLA antigens are associated with a number of inflammatory eye diseases, most notably HLA B2 with anterior uveitis (AU). This association varies between different populations and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between uveitis and HLA A, B and DR locus antigens in an Australian population. Seventy-two consecutive patients with uveitis were studied (37 males and 35 females) over a 6 month period. Thirty-two percent of the AU patients were HLA B27+, as were 42% of males (19% females) with their first attack of AU compared with 60% of males (23% females) with recurrent AU. The only significant difference in etiology between males and females was the greatly increased incidence of rheumatic diseases in males, in whom 77% (10/13) had radiological evidence of sacroiliitis. Additional findings included a lack of association between the HLA B7 cross reactive group and DR locus antigens in AU as well as the lack of any HLA associations in the 13 patients with posterior uveitis (PU).     

A phase IIA extension study evaluating the effect of booster vaccination with a fractional dose of RTS,S/AS01E in a controlled human malaria infection challenge

BackgroundWe previously demonstrated that RTS,S/AS01_B and RTS,S/AS01_E vaccination regimens including at least one delayed fractional dose can protect against Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) model, and showed inferiority of a two-dose versus three-dose regimen. In this follow-on trial, we evaluated whether fractional booster vaccination extended or induced protection in previously protected (P-Fx) or non-protected (NP-Fx) participants.Methods49 participants (P-Fx: 25; NP-Fx: 24) received a fractional (1/5th dose-volume) RTS,S/AS01_E booster 12 months post-primary regimen. They underwent P. falciparum CHMI three weeks later and were then followed for six months for safety and immunogenicity.ResultsOverall vaccine efficacy against re-challenge was 53% (95% CI: 37–65%), and similar for P-Fx (52% [95% CI: 28–68%]) and NP-Fx (54% [95% CI: 29–70%]). Efficacy appeared unaffected by primary regimen or previous protection status. Anti-CS (repeat region) antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) increased post-booster vaccination. GMCs were maintained over time in primary three-dose groups but declined in the two-dose group. Protection after re-challenge was associated with higher anti-CS antibody responses. The booster was well-tolerated.ConclusionsA fractional RTS,S/AS01_E booster given one year after completion of a primary two- or three-dose RTS,S/AS01 delayed fractional dose regimen can extend or induce protection against CHMI.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03824236.A video linked to this article can be found on the Research Data as well as Figshare https://figshare.com/s/ee025150f9d1ac739361     

80例强直性脊柱炎临床X线分析

目的：分析和研究强直性脊柱炎的临床Ｘ线检查诊断方法,Ｘ线分级、分期的表现及在诊断中的重要性,方法：对８０例强直性脊柱炎患者进行Ｘ摄片分级,分期,结合血沉（ＥＳＲ）,Ｃ－反应蛋白（ＣＲＰ）和ＨＬＡ－Ｂ２检查诊断。并进行统计学分析。结果：９０％患者ＨＬＡ－Ｂ２阳性,６０％血沉增快,骶髂关节和髋关节片以２级改变为主,腰椎病变以早、中期Ｘ线病变者较多。结论：强直性脊柱炎以青壮年男性为多见,ＨＬＡ－Ｂ２阳性     

Alport综合征畸变产物耳声发射测试

目的 分析遗传性血尿肾病耳聋综合征(Alport syndrome,As)病人的听功能改变特点,畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAEs)测试的意义。方法 对10例As病人进行了纯音测听、声导抗、DPOAEs和听性脑干反应(ABR)测试。结果 As病人全部DPOAEs反应缺失或高频、中频振幅下降,声导抗测试10例病人鼓室压图均为A型曲线,除2例重度感音性耳聋病人声反射阈与听阈之差<60dB,提示Metz重振试验阳性外,其余病人各波潜伏期和波间期均在正常范围。结论 10例As病人DPOAEs均不正常,声导抗、ABR均能引出,验证了As病人耳部病变定位为耳蜗基底膜,与肾脏基底膜病变为共同靶器官,DPOAEs能反映耳蜗外毛细胞的功能微病理改变,对As的早期诊断、鉴别诊断及对遗传咨询有指导意义。     

扇贝裙边糖胺聚糖对OX-LDL致血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的　研究扇贝裙边提取物糖胺聚糖 (SS GAG)对血管内皮细胞的保护作用 ,进而探讨其抗动脉粥样硬化 (AS)作用机制。方法　本研究采用氧化低密度脂蛋白 (OX LDL)建立体外培养的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞株 (HUVEC ,CRL 2 4 80 )损伤模型 ,用MTT法和化学方法分别从细胞和分子水平观察SS GAG对血管内皮细胞增殖活性及细胞内一氧化氮 (NO)水平和内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS)活性的影响。结果　OX LDL能明显抑制血管内皮细胞的增殖活性 (P <0 0 1) ,降低血管内皮细胞内NO水平及eNOS的活性 (P <0 0 1) ;用SS GAG(终浓度为 5 0 ,10 0 ,2 0 0mg·L-1)预处理后 ,能逆转上述效应 (P <0 0 1)。结论　OX LDL抑制血管内皮细胞的增殖 ,降低内皮型eNOS的活性 ,减少细胞内NO的生成 ;SS GAG对血管内皮细胞的脂质过氧化物损伤有保护作用。     

近10年来强直性脊柱炎的中医药临床研究进展

强直性脊柱炎是与感染、遗传和自身免疫功能障碍有关的一种病因尚未阐明的慢性进行性自身免疫性疾病,近年来诸医家运用中医药进行大量临床研究,并取得了一定疗效,本文就近10年来临床研究进行了综述。     

分期辨证治疗强直性脊柱炎46例

目的:观察分期辨证治疗强直性脊柱炎的临床效果。方法:对46例强直性脊柱炎患者进行分期辨证治疗。结果:显效28例(占60.9%),有效15例(占32.6%),无效3例(占6.5%),总有效率为93.5%。结论:分期辨证的方法治疗强直性脊柱炎有良好的效果。     

RTS,S/AS01疟疾疫苗大规模现场应用可能面临的挑战

RTS,S/AS01疟疾疫苗获得WHO批准大规模应用是人类抗击寄生虫感染史上的一个里程碑,然而RTS,S/AS01疫苗并非完美.本文从免疫学角度探讨了RTS,S/AS01疟疾疫苗存在的不足以及下一代疟疾疫苗研发可能面临的挑战.     

肝脏CT值与动脉粥样硬化关系

目的探讨肝脏CT值与动脉粥样硬化（AS）程度的关系，寻找AS活体量化观测指标，提高AS干预实验的质量。方法40只日本大耳白兔随机分为A（绞股蓝）组、B（辛伐他汀）组、C（高脂模型）组、E（对照组）组，分别喂饲高脂饲料＋绞股蓝5g，kg、高脂饲料＋辛伐他汀5mg／kg、高脂饲料、标准饲料。实验前和实验后3周、6周、9周检测三酰甘油（TG）、胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）。第7周和第9周进行CT检查。进行动脉和肝脏病理学检测。结果①TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C：A组、B组、C组饲养后TG、TC、LDL-C明显升高（P〈0．05），A组和B组TG、TC、LDL-C低于C组（P〈0．05），A组TG、HDL-C、LDL-C优于B组（P〈0．05）。②CT检查：饲养后7周、9周，A、B、C组CT值明显下降，比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05），A组高于B组、C组（P〈0．01），B组高于C组（P〈0．01）。③主动脉病理学：C组严重的大面积AS,A组和B组AS面积和程度显著低于C组（P〈0．01）。④肝脏病理学：A组、B组、C组肝脏弥漫性肿大，边缘钝而厚，灰黄色，A组较B组、C组肝脏色泽红润、肿大程度轻。A组2／3以上肝细胞发生脂肪样变。B、C组肝脏脂肪样变几乎为100％。结论肝脏CT值与AS的程度有一定的关系，可作为AS程度的量化指标，对指导实验过程有一定的价值。