OK-432和IL-2联合用药对C57BL/6 小鼠Lewis肺癌的抑制作用及Bcl-2表达的影响

目的 研究A组溶血性链球菌冻干生物制剂OK-432联合白细胞介素2（IL-2）对小鼠C57BL/6Lewis 肺癌（LLC）生长的抑制作用及对Bcl-2表达的影响。方法 将40只C57BL/6荷瘤LLC小鼠分4组,分别用生理盐水、OK-432、IL-2和OK-432联合IL-2处理,观察用药后肿瘤生长的状况, 用抗鼠bcl-2单克隆抗体进行SABC免疫组化技术半定量测定Bcl-2在Lewis肺癌原发灶中的表达。结果 OK-432/IL-2抑制肿瘤作用强,抑瘤率为60%,（P<0.05）。对照组中的Bcl-2的表达明显高于联合用药组（P<0.05）。结论 OK-432与IL-2有明显的协同抗肿瘤活性,其杀瘤过程主要为对瘤细胞的直接或间接攻击,并促进体内多种反应细胞相互作用,其机制可能与抑制Bcl-2基因的表达、诱导瘤细胞的凋亡有关。     

重组腺病毒Ad-HGF转染骨髓基质干细胞及其表达的实验研究

目的 构建人肝细胞生长因子(HGF)重组腺病毒表达载体,体外转染兔骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs),检测HGF基因表达,探讨转HGF基因的BMSCs治疗股骨头缺血性坏死(ANFH)的可行性.方法 利用RT-PCR方法,从共表达人HGF-Met的NIH3T3-H0细胞株中扩增人HGF cDNA,插入腺病毒穿梭质粒pDC316,与辅助质粒共转染HEK293细胞,重组产生重组腺病毒Ad-HGF,PCR鉴定毒种正确后,在293细胞中扩增、纯化,TCID50法测定感染性滴度,然后感染BMSCs,RT-PCR、原位杂交、免疫组化检测转染后细胞中HGF的转录和表达.结果 成功制备了Ad-HGF,感染性滴度为2.6×1010TCID50/ml,转染后的BMSCs在mRNA和蛋白水平均有HGF表达.结论 获得高表达人HGF基因的BMSCs,为其用于早期ANFH的治疗奠定了基础.     

Emerging drugs in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer

Background: Gastroesopheal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. If detected early, curative treatment is possible. Often, gastroesophageal cancer is detected at an advanced stage when therapy is palliative. Objectives: To provide a critical evaluation of historic and recently developed chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of advanced gastroesophageal cancer (AGC). Methods: Published clinical trials in AGC as well as selected abstracts presented at international oncology meetings were selected. Results/conclusion: Chemotherapy has demonstrated a benefit over best supportive care alone by improving the quality and quantity of life for patients with advanced disease. Recent Phase III trials investigating cytotoxic chemotherapy and Phase II trials incorporating biotherapy for the treatment of AGC show promise for the future.     

自体CIK细胞联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的 评价自体细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK细胞)联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效.方法 59例患者分成A组(自体CIK细胞联合TP方案化疗29例)与B组(单用TP方案化疗30例).对两组的生活质量、免疫学反应、缓解率(RR)、疾病进展时间(TTP)与生存期进行观察比较.CIK细胞由自体外周血单个核细胞诱导产生.结果 CIK细胞的数量与杀伤活性均在培养第14～21天达到高峰.与B组相比,A组患者的免疫力与生活质量、疾病控制率(DCR)显著提高,中位生存时间(MST)明显延长,TTP与总生存期(OS)均明显延长,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).两组间RR差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 自体CIK细胞回输安全、副作用小.CIK细胞联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC能有效改善患者生活质量,并能延长生存期.     

Pharmacological elements in clinical application of synthetic peptides

The research carried out on the biological properties of synthetic peptides and the possibility of obtaining them in adequate amounts through the recombinant DNA technology allows their use as therapeutical agents. Procedures following the synthesis of peptides must be performed in order to verify their structure, conformation, immunogenicity and biological activity and to make them suitable for clinical applications. The size of synthetic peptides together with some modifications such as amidation, acetylation and sulfatation must be taken into consideration as they may have a significant impact on half-life, stability and biological activity. Endothelial, epithelial and enzymatic interference which may hinder the absorption of drugs must be evaluated in order to choose the most appropriate route of administration. The considerable bioavailability related to the intravenous route, the effectiveness of the circulation of the intramuscular route and the possibility of reaching specific targets by the intra-arterial route must also be taken into consideration. There is the possibility of applying transdermal therapeutic systems and transdermal iontophoresis only for peptides of low molecular weight. Among synthetic peptides provided with antianaemic activity, erythropoietin, growth factors and interleukin 3 must be mentioned because of their effectiveness both in optimal stimulation of melopoiesis after chemotherapy or bone-marrow transplantation and in the treatment of anaemia occurring during chronic renal failure. Furthermore, interferon alpha was shown to be one of the most used synthetic peptides provided with antiviral and antineoplastic activity. Remarkable results have been obtained in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, haematological malignancies and some solid tumours. More recently, interleukin 2 has been tested in the treatment of melanoma and renal cancer, inducing a reasonable proportion of overall response rate. Finally, the antagonist of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone may be regarded as effective agent both in the treatment of prostate cancer and in the inhibition of luteinizing-hormone surges during controlled ovarian stimulation. Toxic side effects can be related to the administered dose as well as to metabolites derived from bacteria in which peptides have been synthesized.     

鸡胚成纤维细胞培养抗肿瘤NDV疫苗的实验研究

目的用细胞培养法研制高效价人用抗肿瘤NDV。方法采用鸡胚成纤维细胞低血清培养法,在接种NDV之前的细胞培养中,少量使用优质小牛血清（2%）,让单层细胞基本铺满培养瓶底时,用无血清培养液多次洗涤单层细胞,以尽量降低残余牛血清含量。接种NDV之后,以人白蛋白代替小牛血清继续滋养细胞,培养病毒。结果NDV收获液LogPFU≥5.5,血凝效价1：640,经反向间接血凝试验检测,残余牛血清蛋白含量≤50ng/ml。结论NDV效价和活性符合人用疫苗要求。     

光动力抗微生物化学疗法修复骨髓炎模型兔的实验

背景:光动力抗微生物化学疗法具有广谱抗菌、起效快和无耐药的特点,目前已被广泛应用于浅表局限性感染的治疗。目的:了解光动力抗微生物化学疗法治疗骨髓炎的效果。方法:取新西兰大白兔(中国人民解放军军事医学科学院实验动物中心提供)36只,建立左侧胫骨骨髓炎模型,造模28 d后随机分3组处理:空白组胫骨开窗清创后不做任何处理;对照组胫骨开窗清创后在感染胫骨骨髓腔内填入万古霉素聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥;实验组胫骨开窗清创后对感染胫骨骨髓腔进行光动力抗微生物化学治疗。术后4,8,12周,分别进行大体观察、影像学检查及细菌培养。实验已通过武警后勤学院附属医院伦理委员会批准[(2015)-0002]。结果与结论:①大体皮肤外观:空白组可见脓性分泌物,实验组与对照组脓性分泌物消失,皮肤愈合良好;②X射线检查:随着时间的延长,空白组骨髓炎逐渐加重,实验组及对照组治疗后骨质破坏逐渐减少,骨质缺损逐渐愈合,实验组与对照组术后不同时间点的表现无差异;③细菌培养:随着时间的延长,空白组细菌阳性率无明显变化,实验组及对照细菌组阳性率逐渐下降,且实验组与对照组术后不同时间点的细菌阳性率比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);④结果表明:光动力抗微生物化学疗法作为一种新型的治疗骨髓炎方法,可有效控制感染,为骨髓炎临床治疗积累了实验依据。     

中医药防治肿瘤的生物反应调节作用

生物反应调节(Biological Response Modifers,BRM)是肿瘤治疗中的新概念,由此而创立的肿瘤生物治疗(Cancer Biotherapy),给肿瘤患者带来新的希望。中医扶正祛邪原则在肿瘤防治中的应用,及中医药免疫调节的研究结果,说明中医药具有调节机体生物反应的作用。认为有必要深入研究中医药的生物反应调节物质(或方法),及如何运用中医药配合肿瘤生物治疗。     

OK-432/IL-2对Lewis肺癌的抑制作用

OK-432/IL-2治疗60只C_(57),BL/6 小鼠体内移植性路易氏肺癌(Lewis lung cancer,LLC).实验结果如下:①治疗前15d中,Ⅲa、Ⅲb及Ⅳ组肿瘤直径始终小于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,P<0.01,在>15d的治疗过程中,各组肿瘤直径趋于一致.②第15dⅠ、Ⅱ两组肿瘤重量明显大于 Ⅲa、Ⅲb及Ⅳ组,P<0、05.③Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组的肺转移瘤发生较Ⅲa、Ⅲb及Ⅳ组早,且前者转移灶数目较后者多,P<0.01.④15 d或 20 d,Ⅲa、Ⅲb及Ⅳ组的NK细胞活性及淋转刺激指数(SI)均高于 Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,P<0.01.