VAC结合游离植皮治疗儿童大面积皮肤缺损疗效观察及对患儿生活质量的影响

目的:探讨负压创面治疗技术(Vacuum assisted closure,VAC)结合游离植皮治疗儿童大面积皮肤缺损疗效及对患儿生活质量的影响。方法:选取2015年2月-2019年2月笔者医院收治的60例大面积皮肤缺损患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为干预组和对照组,每组30例。对照组采用游离植皮术治疗,干预组在对照组的基础上结合VAC治疗,以皮片成活时间、皮片成活率、换药次数及住院天数评估疗效,以长海痛尺分级法评估患儿疼痛等级,以抑郁自评量表(Self-rating depression scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)评估患儿心理状态,以术后不良反应发生率评估患儿预后情况,以自制生活质量表评估患儿生活质量水平。结果:干预组患儿皮片成活时间、换药次数与住院天数均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组患儿皮片成活率为93.33%高于对照组的76.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组治疗后疼痛感、SDS与SAS评分低于治疗前,且低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组患儿术后不良反应发生率为6.67%显著低于对照组23.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗前活动能力、心理健康及社交能力均低于治疗后,干预组治疗后活动能力、心理健康及社交能力均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:VAC结合游离植皮治疗儿童大面积皮肤缺损疗效显著,能有效降低患儿生理疼痛与心理焦虑,减少伤口感染等不良反应的发生,提高患儿生活质量,具有推广价值。     

Wound conditioning by vacuum assisted closure (V.A.C.) in postoperative infections after dorsal spine surgery

The use of vacuum assisted closure (V.A.C.) therapy in postoperative infections after dorsal spinal surgery was studied retrospectively. Successful treatment was defined as a stable healed wound that showed no signs of acute or chronic infection. The treatment of the infected back wounds consisted of repeated debridement, irrigation and open wound treatment with temporary closure by V.A.C. The instrumentation was exchanged or removed if necessary. Fifteen patients with deep subfascial infections after posterior spinal surgery were treated. The implants were exchanged in seven cases, removed completely in five cases and left without changing in one case. In two cases spinal surgery consisted of laminectomy without instrumentation. In two cases only the wound defects were closed by muscle flap, the remaining ones were closed by delayed suturing. Antibiotic treatment was necessary in all cases. Follow up was possible in 14 patients. One patient showed a new infection after treatment. The study illustrates the usefulness of V.A.C. therapy as a new alternative management for wound conditioning of complex back wounds after deep subfascial infection.     

腭裂修复术腭咽肌肉重建与否的鼻咽内窥镜的比较观察

目的通过是否进行腭咽肌肉重建的两组腭裂修复术后患者鼻咽内窥镜的比较观察,了解腭咽部肌肉重建术后腭咽闭合状况的改变。方法将41例腭裂术后患者,按照在腭裂修复时是否进行腭咽肌肉重建分为重建组(22例)和非重建组(19例),以鼻咽纤维内窥镜记录静态和发音时腭咽闭合运动状况,对两组患者腭咽闭合运动类型和状况进行比较。结果重建组静态腭咽腔形态较非重建组明显缩小,各壁光滑丰满,未见软腭鼻腔面V型缺损畸形;动态时以环状闭合为主。非重建组静态腭咽腔形态较大,可见软腭鼻腔面V型缺损畸形;动态时以冠状闭合为主。经比较重建组腭咽闭合良好率(90.91%)明显优于非重建组(37.31%)。结论鼻咽内窥镜观察证实腭咽肌肉重建腭裂修复术后腭咽闭合功能恢复明显优于非重建组。腭裂修复术时重建腭咽肌肉有助于缩小腭咽腔和更易于达到良好的腭咽闭合状态。     

Cleft closure for the treatment of unhealed perineal sinus

OBJECTIVE: Despite improvements in surgical practice, persistent perineal wound sinus is still a common complication after proctectomy. This study presents the success of a modified cleft closure technique in dealing with this problem. METHODS: From May 1997 patients with a persistent perineal sinus after surgery underwent a cleft closure - similar to that performed for patients with pilonidal sinus disease. RESULTS: Eight patients (6 male, 2 female) with an average age of 52 years underwent a cleft closure for a persistent perineal sinus after surgery. Four patients had undergone a proctocolectomy (ulcerative colitis), 2 an abdominoperineal excision of the rectum (adenocarcinoma) and 2 a proctectomy (1 Crohn's disease, 1 complication of diverticular disease). Symptoms had been present for an average of 41 months (range 5-152 months) and 3 patients had undergone other procedures attempted previously to deal with the problem. The first three patients had the procedure as an inpatient with an average stay of 4.7 days. The next 5 patients had the procedure as a day case (2 local anaesthetic, 3 general anaesthetic). Two patients developed a postoperative wound infection and all but one wound had healed completely by 8 weeks. In this patient the procedure was repeated to achieve healing. There was no other associated morbidity and no postoperative deaths. There have been no recurrences to date. CONCLUSION: Modified cleft closure for persistent perineal sinus is a simple procedure with low morbidity that can be performed under local anaesthetic in the day surgery unit.     

Ultrasound Biomicroscopic Dark Room Provocative Test

Purpose : To compare the clinical application value of Ultrasound biomicrsocpic dark room provocative test with the traditional dark room test in screening primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).Methods: 22 eyes with PACG in prodromal stage and 30 eyes with deep anterior chamber and wide angle of 15 normal persons were observed in this trail. All 52 eyes were performed traditional dark room provocative test and ultrasound biomicorosopic darkroom test respectively. With different positive diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity of the two methods were compared using chi-squared analysis.Results : After staying in the dark room for 2 hours, In case group, IOP in 10 of 22 eyes rose more than 1. 07kPa(1kPa = 7.5mmHg), in 12 eyes less than 1.07kPa or had no changes; appositional angle closure were found by Goldmann gonioscopy in 8 eyes : 3 eyes in two quadrants, 5 eyes in more than two quadrants; the appositional angle closure was found by UBM in 15 eyes; 3 eyes in one quadrants, 5 eyes in two quadrants, 7 eyes     

Transcatheter closure of the patent arterial duct using the Flipper coil in a premature infant weighing 1,400 g: a case report.

A symptomatic 1,400 g premature triplet underwent successful transcatheter coil embolization of patent arterial duct using the umbilical artery. One 3 mm x 3 cm Flipper coil was used with no angiographic residual shunt. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the smallest preterm infants to undergo this transcatheter procedure.     

微乳对难溶性药物增溶机理的研究

目的:初步探讨微乳对难溶性药物的增溶机理.方法:经处方筛选及相图研究确定(BL-9/正丁醇3∶1)/油/水比例为9∶1∶40的微乳处方;以二氢吡啶类药物为模型药物,测定其在微乳、胶束和油相中的溶解度及油/水分配系数;根据化学结构,采用计算机软件计算药物的特性参数,并结合模型药物的特性分析微乳增溶难溶性药物的机理.结果:微乳对药物的增溶效果远大于油相和胶束,并随药物的脂溶性和空间结构的改变而变化.结论:微乳可用于增溶难溶性药物,且脂溶性越大,空间位阻越小,增溶效果越明显.