Detection by ELISA of IgA and IgM antibodies in secretion and IgM antibodies in serum in primary lower respiratory syncytial virus infection

Twenty-six infants and children with primary lower RS virus infection, diagnosed by the detection of RS virus in nasopharyngeal secretion (NPS) by use of immunofluorescent antibody (FA) technique, were studied with respect to the presence of IgA and IgM antibodies. Samples of NPS and serum obtained during the first 3-4 months following the beginning of illness, were investigated. Employing a reverse ELISA technique, we found IgM antibodies in the acute, but not during the convalescent, phase of illness in NPS from 20 of the patients and in serum from 21 of the patients. The majority of the IgM antibody conversions observed occurred in NPS as well as in serum on days 5-8 following the illness. RS virus IgA antibodies, also detected by a reverse ELISA technique, were demonstrated in NPS in 22 of the patients, with antibody conversions being found in 19 of the patients on days 5-8 following the beginning of the illness. Two patients still had IgA antibodies in NPS approximately 3 months FSOI. By comparison, RS virus was detected in acute-phase NPS by double-antibody sandwich ELISA in 25 of the 26 patients investigated.     

HLA antigens in uveitis

HLA antigens are associated with a number of inflammatory eye diseases, most notably HLA B2 with anterior uveitis (AU). This association varies between different populations and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between uveitis and HLA A, B and DR locus antigens in an Australian population. Seventy-two consecutive patients with uveitis were studied (37 males and 35 females) over a 6 month period. Thirty-two percent of the AU patients were HLA B27+, as were 42% of males (19% females) with their first attack of AU compared with 60% of males (23% females) with recurrent AU. The only significant difference in etiology between males and females was the greatly increased incidence of rheumatic diseases in males, in whom 77% (10/13) had radiological evidence of sacroiliitis. Additional findings included a lack of association between the HLA B7 cross reactive group and DR locus antigens in AU as well as the lack of any HLA associations in the 13 patients with posterior uveitis (PU).     

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for IgG and IgA antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in low dilutions of secretions of human serum and secretions

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for titration of IgG and IgA antibodies to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus in low dilutions of human serum, colostrum, and nasopharyngeal secretions. Previously the sensitivity of RS virus ELISA on such specimens has been limited by nonspecific absorption of antibody, particularly IgA, to crude antigen preparations. For IgG antibody estimation in infant sera, this unwanted binding was reduced to workable levels by increasing the serum, salt, and detergent concentration of the diluent. Residual nonspecific binding of IgA in colostra appeared mainly due to antigen lipids or to lipoproteins. This was markedly reduced by partitioning Triton X-100-treated infected cell lysate antigens in Arklone. Using the modified ELISA technique for anti-RS virus IgA, good correlations were found with unfixed cell membrane immunofluorescence (MIF) for colostra (r = 0.81, P less than 0.001) and nasal secretions from adult volunteers. In several samples nonspecific absorption of antibody precluded MIF assay, but did not affect the ELISA. Although there was an overall correlation between ELISA for anti-RS IgG antibody in sera, the complement fixation test (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001), and MIF test (r = 0.82, P less than 0.001), the sensitivity of ELISA for antibody responses in convalescent sera of infants from 3 months to 2 years was poor. Conversely, the sensitivity of ELISA for antibody in the sera of older children and for transplacentally acquired antibody in very young infants was higher than that for the other two tests. ELISA was thus less reliable than either CF or MIF for detecting antibody rises in paired infant sera, particularly where maternally acquired antibody remained in the acute serum. The reasons for this apparent disparity are discussed.     

Prime number variant of concealed trigeminy

A 53-year-old man with myocardial infarction was found to have frequent premature ventricular beats. The predominant pattern was classical concealed trigeminy; i.e., the number of conducted sinus beats, S, between extrasystoles satisfied the equation S = 3n + 2, where "n" is zero or any positive integer. Two other transient patterns also occurred. The first one was characterized by exceptional values of S, which satisfied the equation S = 3n + 3. In the second transient pattern, all values of S fitted the classical equation, but there were singularly absent values; i.e., the "n" in the equation was exclusively an odd number, giving rise to only prime numbers of interectopic conducted sinus beats. It is proposed in this last form that there are two sites of fixed block proximal to a variable distal block in a re-entry loop responsible for the ventricular extrasystoles.     

Diagnostic accuracy of Raman spectroscopy for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundAlthough various studies have been conducted to demonstrate the possibility of Raman spectroscopy (RS) as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PC), it is difficult to use it in the real clinical area because of imitations in various research processes. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis about the accuracy in diagnostic use of RS for PC.MethodsA literature search was done using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases in March 2019 to analyze the accuracy of RS for diagnosis of PC. The accuracy of RS for diagnosis of PC was evaluated by means of pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC).ResultsFive studies were included for qualitative analysis by screening the remaining articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by means of a systematic review. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of RS were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.87–0.91) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89–0.93), respectively. The overall PLR and NLR were 9.12 (95% CI: 4.15–20.08) and 0.14 (95% CI: 0.07–0.29), respectively. The DOR of RS demonstrated high accuracy (73.32; 95% CI: 18.43–291.73). The area under the curves (AUCs) of SROC curves was 0.93.ConclusionsRS is an optical diagnostic method with high potential for diagnosis and grading of PC and has advantages of real-time and convenient use. In order to consider real-time use of RS in an actual clinical setting, more studies for standardization and generalization of RS performance and analytical method must be conducted.     

卡托普利控释微丸的研制

目的：制备卡托普利控释微丸，并对其释药情况进行研究。方法：在流化床内，用丙烯酸树脂RL30D和丙烯酸树脂RS30D的混合物作为包衣材料制备卡托普利控释微丸，对包衣材料配比及包衣材料用量进行选择，对微丸体外释药方程进行研究，采用加速试验法考察微丸释药稳定性。结果：包衣材料最佳配比丙烯酸树脂RL30D-丙烯酸树脂RS30D为1：5，包衣材料最佳用量为包衣增重20％，微丸的体外释药方程为Q＝0．09614t-0．008379(r＝0．9980)，释药稳定性好。结论：卡托普利控释微丸具有良好的零级释药特征。     

DCS控制系统的新老合一升级探讨

介绍了醋酸裂解及精馏项目中RS3、DeltaV集散型控制系统（DCS）和Tricon紧急停车系统（ESD）的全集成应用，阐述了DCS扩建工程方案的选择、异种系统集成问题的解决办法、技术关键及严格项目管理实施计划的重要性。     

YAG激光联合RS引流管置入治疗泪道阻塞疗效影响因素分析

目的：探讨YAG激光联合RS引流管治疗泪道阻塞的疗效及独立影响因素。

方法：回顾性分析2015-01/2018-01在我院行激光联合引流管置入治疗的250例泪道阻塞患者病例资料,总结术后疗效并采用Logistic回归分析影响疗效的独立因素。

结果：患者术后临床治疗总有效率为87.9%; 病程(OR=8.654,95% CI：3.740～20.023)、泪道冲洗频率(OR=3.480,95% CI：2.128～5.691)、泪道阻塞长度(OR=0.518,95% CI：0.238～1.131)、拔管时间(OR=0.386,95% CI：0.237～0.628)以及首次手术(OR=14.717,95% CI：10.798～20.059)是影响患者术后疗效独立影响因素。

结论：YAG激光联合RS引流管置入治疗泪道阻塞疗效显著,早期治疗、避免多次手术、术后适度冲洗泪道、控制拔管时间,均有利于提高疗效。