排序方式： 共有7条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Luiz Fernando Noira Passos da Costa Cristine da Silva Furtado Amaral Davi da Silva Barbirato Anna Thereza Thomé Leão Mariana Fampa Fogacci 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2017,148(5):308-318
Background
Through a systematic literature review, the authors evaluated the use of chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash as an adjunct to mechanical periodontal therapy for chronic periodontitis.Types of Studies Reviewed
The authors performed a systematic search by using PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The authors selected randomized controlled clinical trials in which the investigators evaluated the probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) in test groups by using CHX as an adjuvant and in control groups and subject to mechanical periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing [SRP] 4-6 visits or 24 hours).Results
The literature search resulted in 8 articles, which the authors then assessed for quality. After testing for heterogeneity, the authors performed a meta-analysis only in the SRP group with 4 to 6 visits. Results were positive for both PD and CAL with use of CHX. However, the summary measure was significant (P < .05) only for PD at 40 to 60 days (0.33 millimeters; 95% confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.58 mm) and 180 days (0.24 mm; 95% confidence interval, 0.02 to 0.47 mm) of follow-up, showing positive results for the use of CHX at those times. Although those differences were statistically significant, they could be interpreted as clinically slight.Conclusions and Practical Implications
Adjunctive use of CHX mouthrinse with mechanical SRP resulted in slightly greater PD reduction than did SRP alone. Clinicians must consider the small additional gain in PD reduction, negligible effect on CAL, and potential for tooth staining when using CHX as an adjunct to SRP in treating chronic periodontitis. 相似文献2.
Branca Heloisa Oliveira Joana Cunha-Cruz Anjana Rajendra Richard Niederman 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2018,149(8):671-679.e1
Background
In this systematic review, the authors aim to assess the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in preventing and arresting caries in exposed root surfaces of adults.Types of Studies Reviewed
Two reviewers independently searched for controlled clinical trials with at least 12 months of follow-up, without language or date of publication restraints, in 8 electronic databases, 5 registries of ongoing trials, and reference lists of narrative reviews.Results
The authors found 2,356 unique records and included 3 trials in which the investigators randomly assigned 895 older adults. Investigators in all studies compared SDF with placebo; investigators in 1 also compared 38% SDF with chlorhexidine and sodium fluoride varnishes. The primary effect measures were the weighted mean differences (WMDs) in decayed or filled root surfaces (DFRS) and the mean differences in arrested carious lesions between SDF and control groups. The studies had low risk of bias in most domains. SDF applications had a significantly better preventive effect in comparison with placebo (WMD DFRS: 24 months, ?0.56; 95% confidence interval, ?0.77 to ?0.36; 30 months or more, ?0.80; 95% confidence interval, ?1.19 to ?0.42), and they were as effective as either chlorhexidine or sodium fluoride varnish in preventing new root carious lesions. SDF also provided a significantly higher caries arrest effect than did placebo (pooled results not calculated). Complaints about black staining of the carious lesions by SDF were rare among older adults.Conclusions and Practical Implications
Yearly 38% SDF applications to exposed root surfaces of older adults are a simple, inexpensive, and effective way of preventing caries initiation and progression. 相似文献3.
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人格特质对大学生主观幸福感影响的中介因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的探讨大学生人格特质对其主观幸福感的影响,并分析社会支持及人际信任在两者间的中介效应。方法运用艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQ-R Short Scale)、牛津幸福量表(OHI)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和信任他人量表(TIPS)对375名大学生进行测查。结果①社会支持(效应值分别为0.26和0.14,P0.001)、人际信任(效应值均为0.39,P0.001)在两种人格特质与主观幸福感间均具有部分中介效应;②人际信任的中介效应水平高于社会支持。结论人际信任和社会支持均在人格特质对主观幸福感影响中具有传递作用。 相似文献
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Flávia Almeida Ribeiro Scalioni Camila Faria Carrada Carolina Castro Martins Rosangela Almeida Ribeiro Saul Martins Paiva 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2018,149(7):628-639.e11
Background
The authors systematically reviewed the scientific evidence of an association between periodontal disease and Down syndrome (DS).Types of Studies Reviewed
In this systematic review, the authors included observational studies in which the investigators assessed the prevalence, incidence, or experience of periodontal disease in patients with DS compared with that in healthy patients. The authors used the Population, Exposure, Comparison, Outcome structure. The population was patients of any age, the exposure was the presence of DS, the comparison was the absence of DS, and the outcome was the presence of periodontal disease. The authors conducted an electronic search in 5 databases through March 2017. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias by using the Fowkes and Fulton scale. The authors performed a meta-analysis to compare periodontal disease among patients with DS and those without DS. The authors calculated a summary effect measure—standard mean difference—when evaluating the means of the oral hygiene index. The authors assessed the strength of evidence from the selected studies by using a modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.Results
The authors included 23 case-control studies in the systematic review and submitted 3 to meta-analysis. In the qualitative analysis, results from most studies showed that the prevalence of some periodontal parameters was higher among patients with DS than among those without DS. Evaluations of the Fowkes and Fulton scale point to many methodological problems in the studies evaluated. Results of the meta-analysis revealed no differences between groups with regard to the oral hygiene index (standard mean difference, 0.05; 95% confidence interval, ?0.55 to 0.65; I2 = 0.0%).Conclusions and Practical Implications
Further research is required, in particular well-designed studies that avoid the deficiencies identified in the studies in this review. 相似文献6.
唐宓 《中国现代药物应用》2014,(2):237-238
目的 观察固定矫治对牙周临床指标的影响,探讨口腔健康教育对牙周健康的影响.方法 选取诊断为错颌畸形并接受双颌固定矫治器治疗的患者65人为实验组,以初诊尚未治疗的患者为对照组.比较各组PLI、TM、PD、AL、BOP、BI等牙周指标.结果 ①实验组的指数在矫正开始后均高于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.②口腔卫生宣教后实验组和对照组均低于宣教前,比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 固定矫治器的使用会影响牙周组织的健康,对接受治疗的患者进行口腔卫生宣传教育,有助于保持口腔卫生改善牙周状况. 相似文献
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