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排序方式: 共有127条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Heidrun Moll Harald Fuchs Christine Blank Martin Rllinghoff 《European journal of immunology》1993,23(7):1595-1601
Murine epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) have been shown to internalize Leishmania major, a cause of human cutaneous leishmaniasis, and to stimulate a vigorous parasite-specific T cell response. The present study emphasizes the critical role of LC in leishmaniasis by documenting directly that LC have the ability to transport L. major from the skin to the draining lymph node (LN). This was revealed by irreversible labeling of LC with a fluorescent cell linker and in vivo tracking. In contrast, no migration to the LN was seen with L. major-infected macrophages. These findings were consistent with the results of mixed labeling immunohistology showing that early in infection the expression of parasite antigen in the LN draining the lesion was confined to dendritic cells and could not be detected in macrophages. Furthermore, dendritic cells in LN draining the site of cutaneous infection stimulated L. mayor-primed T cells in vitro and, most notably, were able to activate unprimed T cells capable of mediating parasite-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity reactivity in vivo. Taken together, the results indicate that LC capture L. major in the skin and transport it to the regional LN for initiation of the specific T cell immune response. 相似文献
2.
Brita Gaudecker 《Anatomy and embryology》1991,183(1):1-15
Summary The thymus develops from a paired epithelial anlage in the neck. This review considers how ectoderm (vesicula cervicalis) and endoderm (third pharyngeal pouch) contribute to the epithelial stroma of the thymus. Stromal elements of mesodermal origin are capillaries, septae and perivascular spaces and single invading cells. These elements separate the thymus into pseudolobuli. The thymus epithelial space and the perivascular spaces are always separated from each other by a closed, flat epithelial cell layer, with a basal lamina which contributes to the blood-thymus barrier. From the 9th gestational week, prethymic precursor cells from hemopoietic centers, begin to invade the thymus anlage. There they finally mature to committed post-thymic T cells. The thymus microenvironment of postnatal thymus is composed of six different types of epithelial cells and several stromal cells of mesodermal origin. The location of these diverse stationary cells is described, and their functional significance is discussed. Obviously these stromal cell types have a special function in providing the proper environment for T-cell maturation. The function of the thymus includes the maturation and/or selection of antigen specific T-cells. The main issue of intra-thymic T-cell differentiation is the development and expression of T-cell-antigen receptors. The great diversity of these receptors is generated by a rearrangement of the T-cell-receptor-genes in order to furnish the host with a mature T-cell repertoire that is capable of recognizing the world of extrinsic antigens. In a synopsis the manyfold interrelationships between the thymus microenvironment and the developing thymocytes are summarised.Abbreviations
BALT
Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue
-
CD
Cluster of Differentiation
-
cCD3
cytoplasmic CD3
-
mCD3
membranous CD3
-
C.R.
Crown Rump
-
GALT
Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue
-
HLA
Human Leucocyte antigen
-
HLA-DR
Gene product of the MHC-class II (this antigen is a surface molecule of numerous stationary and free cells of the immune system)
-
IDC
Interdigitating Cell
-
IL1
Interleukin 1 (cytokine derived mainly from makrophages, but also from other cell types)
-
IL2 and IL4
Interleukin 2 and 4 (cytokines derived mainly from T-cell, but also from other cell types)
-
IL4R
Interleukin 4-Receptor
-
Mab
Monoclonal antibody
-
MHC
Major Histocompatibility Complex
-
p.c.
post conception
-
TCR
T-Cell-Receptor
-
TNC
Thymic Nurse Cell
-
TdT
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase 相似文献
3.
Annunziata Gloghini Antonino Carbone 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1990,416(3):197-204
Summary We performed a comparative immunohisto-cytochemical study of the distribution patterns of laminin and follicular dendritic reticulum cells (DRCs) within their follicular microenvironment in both nodular or diffuse B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). Twenty nine cases of immunophenotypically diagnosed B-cell NHLs (19 of follicular center cell origin-FCCL- and 10 of the diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic type-WDLL-) and five reactive lymph nodes with follicular hyperplasia were analyzed by immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques. Serial frozen sections and cytospin preparations were tested either with single antibodies anti laminin and DRC-1, or paired reagents in double labeling immunofluorescence. Our results indicated consistently that within both the reactive germinal centers and the neoplastic nodules of FCCL laminin immunostaining visualized a punctate-granular pattern apart from the linear vascular basement membrane positivity. Double immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that there was a close parallelism between this laminin staining pattern and DRC-1 distribution showing a well developed DRCs meshwork; in the diffuse tumour areas of both FCCL and WDLL, laminin immunoreactivity was found only in those cases in which nests of DRCs were observed. Double immunofluorescence studies performed on cytospin preparations demonstrated that the groups of cells containing DRC-1 positive cells, contained a positivity for laminin, although within the cell the staining for DRC-1 was intense and diffuse, while that for laminin was granular and more sparse. Our results suggested that these laminin and DRC-1 positive reactive sites may be present on the same cells. Since the reduction in number or loss of both DRCs and their related immunostaining for laminin within the microenvironment was consistently associated with a loss of nodularity by lymphoma cells, whereas nodularity in reactive and neoplastic conditions was associated with a rich DRCs meshwork and the related laminin immunostaining, a trapping function of DRCs exercised in the presence of laminin should be considered.This work was supported in part by a Grant N 87.02799.44 from the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Progetto Finalizzato Oncologia, Rome, and by the Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Milan, Italy 相似文献
4.
Dr. M. S. Ghandour O. K. Langley A. Keller 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1981,41(3-4):271-279
Summary A comparative immunohistological study of the neurone-specific enolase and enolase, demonstrates the exclusive neuronal localization of enolase and its absence from glial cells. In contrast, enolase is located in astroglial cells. The validity of enolase as a neuronal marker and enolase as an astrocytic marker, is confirmed both by a double labelling technique, using antibodies to and to revealed with fluorescence or peroxidase in the same tissue sections, and by immunoelectronmicroscopy. 相似文献
5.
Rasmussen N. Petersen J. Ralfkiær E. Avnstrøm S. Wiik A. 《Rheumatology international》1988,8(4):153-158
Summary Using a reverse plaque forming cell (PFC) assay the production of immunoglobulin (Ig) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) in vitro was studied in 12 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Spontaneous IgG production was increased in two of six untreated patients. The IgG response of MNCs from eight untreated patients to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) stimulation was significantly depressed. The IgM and IgA production followed the individual pattern of IgG. Blood B-cell and T-cell subset concentrations were normal before therapy, whereas the monocyte concentration was increased in four of six patients. Titers of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCAs) did not correlate with spontaneous or induced Ig production nor with blood leukocyte subset concentrations. Biopsy specimens from upper respiratory tract lesions in seven untreated patients showed numerous macrophages, activated T lymphocytes, and plasma cells, suggesting a pathogenetic role of these cells in the development of lesions and local production of ANCAs. 相似文献
6.
Baldus SE Mönig SP Arkenau V Hanisch FG Schneider PM Thiele J Hölscher AH Dienes HP 《Annals of surgical oncology》2002,9(9):887-893
Background MUC5AC represents a mucin peptide core expressed in normal gastric epithelia. Its presence in gastric carcinomas was previously
described as a characteristic of gastric differentiation.
Methods MUC5AC reactivity was investigated by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological variables in a large series
(n=200) of gastric carcinomas.
Results A statistically significant association between MUC5AC positivity and parameters of cancer progression (pTNM staging and grading)
could not be observed. However, MUC5AC exhibited correlations with certain subtypes of histopathological differentiation.
A significant reduction of MUC5AC expression was evident in mucinous and undifferentiated carcinomas according to the World
Health Organization classification, as well as in type III cancers according to the Goseki classification system. Furthermore,
reduced MUC5AC reactivity (confined to up to 35% of the tumor area) was significantly correlated with an unfavorable prognosis
of all patients in univariate and multivariate analysis. The same association could be observed in the subgroup of pTNM stage
I patients (n=60).
Conclusions A significant reduction of gastric differentiation as reflected by MUC5AC immunoreactivity represents a marker of worse survival
probability in gastric cancer. Finally, reduced MUC5AC positivity defines a high-risk subgroup of pTNM stage I patients. 相似文献
7.
N. Mozzanica A. Cattaneo V. Boneschi L. Brambilla E. Melotti A. F. Finzi 《Archives of dermatological research》1990,282(5):311-317
Summary We investigated the peritumoral and intratumoral immune infiltrate in 6 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) treated with recombinant alpha2b-interferon. Each BCC was injected intralesionally three times a week for 3 weeks with 1.5×106 IU of interferon per injection (total dose 13.5×106 IU). The immunohistological study was done before the start of interferon therapy and 15 days afterwards, using a series of monoclonal antibodies and an immunocytochemical technique. Before therapy the infiltrate consisted mainly of CD3+ (T) cells, with prevalence of CD4+ (helper/inducer) T cells. The percentage of T cells expressing interleukin-2 receptor (CD25+ cells) was higher in the tumor nests than in the peritumoral infiltrate (20% and 11% respectively). CD1+ (Langerhans) cells and CD14b+ cells (monocytes/macrophages) were present in the peritumoral infiltrate in all cases (9%±5% and 14%±7% respectively). Very few CD56+ (natural killer), CD15+ (granulocytes) and CD20+ (B) cells were observed in the peritumoral infiltrate and none at all in tumor nests. After 15 days of interferon therapy, we observed an increase in peritumoral and intratumoral CD4+ cells. There was a decrease in the number of CD25+ cells and of CD1+ cells in the peritumoral infiltrate. The number of intratumoral CD25+ increased. No variations were seen in CD14b, CD15, CD20, and CD56 positive cells. Eight weeks after completion of therapy, two BCCs were cleared and the remaining four showed clinical and histological improvement. These results may indicate a direct effect of interferon against BCC; in addition the immunohistological findings suggest that intralesional interferon enhances T cell mediated immune response, especially in tumor nests. Interferon may therefore act against BCC as a cytotoxic agent and as an immunomodulator. 相似文献
8.
Werner Böcker Bert Bier Götz Freytag Bettina Brömmelkamp Ernst-Dieter Jarasch Georg Edel Barbara Dockhorn-Dworniczak Kurt W. Schmid 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1992,421(4):315-322
Summary The distribution of simple epithelial (K8/18/ 19) and basal (myoepithelial) (K5/14) keratins, -smooth-muscle actin, vimentin, collagen IV and laminin in normal mammary glands and in benign proliferative lesions was studied using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These antibodies (Abs) identified myoepithelial cells and luminal cells specifically. In lesions with adenosis and papillomas, the two-layered formation resembled that of normal glands with a purely myoepithelial-epithelial differentiation. In scleradenotic lesions, the main cell was of myoepithelial immunophenotype with intermixed trabecular-tubular proliferations of simple-type epithelium. The sclerosis seems to be the result of an irregular basal lamina synthesis by the myoepithelial cells. In contrast to these lesions, epitheliosis represents a purely intraluminal cell proliferation of clearly simple epithelial immunophenotype and of cells with a basal keratin phenotype, lacking myoepithelial differentiation antigen actin. The basal keratin type epithelium may represent post-stem or intermediate cells developing into luminal epithelium. Epitheliosis appears to be a purely epithelial hyperplasia with striking similarity to the regeneration of normal breast epithelium. The different proliferative patterns may give an explanation for differences in potential cancer risks of patients with these lesions.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. G. Seifert on the occasion of his 70th birthday 相似文献
9.
人卵巢组织中各种组织成分的免疫组化研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的研究人卵巢组织中不同组织成分的分布。方法对人卵巢组织中各种不同组织成分单抗进行免疫组化研究。结果角蛋白抗原AE1/AE3阳性细胞存在于皮质内特别是卵泡周围,平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-actin)和肌球蛋白(Desmin)抗原存在于血管及黄体周围,而代表神经组织的S-100阳性细胞则主要分布髓质及卵泡周围。结论这一结果说明卵泡是卵巢组织中最重要的功能单位。 相似文献
10.
Flow cytometric studies employing the monoclonal antibody XT-1 reveal that, in contrast to other strains and species of Xenopus examined, thymocytes and splenocytes from X. tropicalis do not express the T lineage-specific antigen XTLA-1. Thymus dependence of XTLA-1 expression in splenocytes is confirmed in X. laevis by early thymectomy experiments. When X. tropicalis larval thymus is implanted to thymectomized X. borealis larvae, histological studies reveal extensive colonisation by host-derived (quinacrine-positive) cells following metamorphosis. Flow cytometry of propidium iodide-stained nuclei shows that within 3 months of xenothymus implantation, 90% of cells within the implant originate from the recipient; donor cells were undetectable in recipient spleens at this time. The emergence of near normal levels and distribution of XTLA-1 positive cells within xenogeneic thymus implants within 3 months of implantation is illustrated by flow cytometric observations and through immunofluorescence analysis of cryostat sections. These kinetic studies indicate that immigrant host cells require sojourn within the foreign thymus environment before they express the T-cell marker. 相似文献