Anterior segmental osteotomies without orthodontics: practicability of the correction of dentoalveolar deformities

We designed this study to determine the efficiency and stability of anterior segmental osteotomies (ASO) without orthodontics for various dentofacial deformities. Records of patients treated with maxillary or mandibular ASO, or both, without orthodontics in the past 15 years were analysed. The assessment included postoperative analysis of patients’ aesthetics and functional satisfaction using a questionnaire and grading (score 0 - 4) system, and the amount of relapse calculated from 12-month postoperative cephalograms. A total of 26 ASO subjects (age range 13- 31 years) were studied (14 maxillary, two mandibular, and 10 bimaxillary). Long-term stability was acceptable in all cases with no significant relapse (p>0.05). No major complications were encountered. All patients reported good to excellent (score = 3 to 4) satisfaction following surgery. Using meticulous planning and a careful surgical technique, ASO without orthodontics is a simple, quick, safe, and stable option for the correction of dentofacial deformities.     

Measurement of three-dimensional perioral soft tissue changes in dentoalveolar protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment using a structured light scanner

Objective:To evaluate the three-dimensional (3D) perioral soft tissue changes after orthodontic treatment in patients with dentoalveolar protrusion using structured light–based scanners.Materials and Methods:Forty-four Korean adults (19 men and 25 women, 21.4 ± 3.4 years) with dentoalveolar protrusion treated by extraction of all four first premolars and then en masse retraction with maximum anchorage were evaluated. Lateral cephalograms and 3D facial scans were obtained before treatment (T1) and immediately after debonding (T2). Superimposition was performed, and 27 perioral landmarks were identified. The 3D changes in the landmarks and ratio of movement of the soft tissue relative to the horizontal incisal tip were evaluated. A paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance were performed.Results:The upper incisors were retracted 5.76 mm and the lower incisors were retracted 4.62 mm (P < .001). The upper lip moved inferoposteriorly, and the lower lip moved superoposteriorly. In the lower lip, upward movement was greater than backward movement (P < .001). The most prominent changes appeared at the greatest bulge area. The relative ratios were 42%–53% in the upper lip area and 22%–82% in the lower lip area. The lip corners moved superoposteriorly (P < .001). Subnasale moved downward (P < .05) and posteriorly (P < .001), while the landmarks under the nostrils moved upward and posteriorly (P < .001).Conclusion:Facial scans from white structured light scanners efficiently evaluated 3D perioral soft tissue in dentoalveolar protrusion patients. Backward movement and significant vertical movement of the lip were observed. The nasal and lip angle areas showed considerable changes.     

Orthodontic camouflage treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion with severe maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of a 14-year-old male patient who presented with prognathic maxilla, severe dentoalveolar proclination, deepbite and retained deciduous tooth. We selected headgear and fixed appliance to correct malocclusion but cooperation towards headgear was found less during treatment. So we chose orthodontic camouflage treatment to correct dentoalveolar problems without altering the skeletal base relation. The final treatment results were good and patient had improvement in esthetic and function.     

Oral maxillofacial surgery displacement complications

Displaced objects can occur in the practice of almost all procedures performed in the scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Anticipation of such occurrences is the hallmark of their prevention. The institution of proper techniques can help in reducing such occurrences. Knowledge of the techniques available in treating these incidences can greatly assist in their resolutions. This article sheds light on the prevention and management of such dreaded mishaps.     

Diastema: correction of excessive spaces in the esthetic zone

The presence of a diastema or diastemata between teeth is a common feature found in the anterior dentition. Many forms of therapy can be used for diastema closure. A carefully developed diagnosis and advanced planning allows the most appropriate treatment to be determined for each individual case to address the patient's needs. Clinical considerations, advantages, disadvantages, and alternative treatment modalities for diastema closure are discussed in this article and a clinical case is presented to illustrate the application of these techniques.     

Does Alt-RAMEC protocol and facemask treatment affect dentoalveolar structures?: A 3-dimensional study

ObjectivesTo evaluate dentoalveolar changes immediately after the alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) protocol and facemask (FM) treatment using cone-beam computed tomography images.Materials and MethodsCone-beam computed tomography images of 20 patients (mean age = 9.64 ± 1.3 years) who received the Alt-RAMEC protocol before FM treatment were retrieved in this retrospective study. Dental and alveolar inclinations, buccal and palatal alveolar bone thickness, and buccal and palatal alveolar bone height changes were measured before treatment (T0), after the Alt-RAMEC protocol (T1), and after FM treatment (T2). Measurements for right and left molars were performed separately. The Shapiro-Wilks test was used to assess the conformity of the parameters to the normal distribution. The paired t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used for normally distributed data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were used for non-normally distributed data. The Bonferroni correction was used to reduce the chances of obtaining false-positive results. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.ResultsBuccal alveolar bone thickness and alveolar bone inclinations decreased significantly from T1 to T0 and showed no significant change from T2 to T1. The total reduction T2-T0 was statistically significant. The change in palatal alveolar bone thickness was not significant T1-T0 but increased significantly for T2-T1 and T2-T0. Buccal alveolar bone height, palatal alveolar bone height, and molar inclinations increased significantly T1-T0, but there was no significant change T2-T1. The total reduction at T2-T0 was statistically significant.ConclusionsThe results of this study revealed that the effects of the Alt-RAMEC protocol on dentoalveolar tissues were similar to the changes reported in the literature after rapid palatal expansion.     

In vitro evaluation of microbiological flora of orofacial infections

Objective  

To assess the most common micro-organisms causing odontogenic infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility.     

牙槽骨牵张快速移动正畸牙齿对牙髓中TNFα含量影响的实验研究

目的探讨牙槽骨牵张快速移动牙齿时牙髓组织中TNF α含量的变化情况。方法利用酶联免疫吸附试验检测牙槽骨牵张快速移动牙齿后不同时间的牙髓组织中TNF α含量的动态变化。结果TNF α含量在牵张加力4周后明显升高,停止牵张加力后的第1周内TNF α含量出现明显的降低,而第2周内其变化趋势与第1周的相似,14～28?d时TNF α含量稳定在一定水平上,但其含量低于对照组。结论TNF α的含量可在2周内基本恢复正常,而第7～14天则为其炎症恢复为正常的时期,牙槽骨牵张快速移动牙齿对牙髓活性的影响是轻微的。