再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液的流变性能

使用N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物的水合物(NMMO·H2O)作为再生丝素的溶剂.可以得到w=0.10～0.25的再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液.研究了再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变性能,讨论了剪切速率、温度和溶液中的再生丝素的含量对再生丝素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变性能的影响.     

微导管真丝线段血管内栓塞治疗脑动静脉畸形（附7例报告）

应用国产真丝线段行血管内栓塞治疗７例脑动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）。结果：１例术中畸形血管破裂出血死亡，１例出现半身麻木，肢体轻瘫，经治疗短期内恢复。余病例症状明显缓解或消失。此栓塞材料为永久性，较安全，效果好，并发症少。     

可控性丝线留置术治疗体表难治性海绵状静脉畸形的实验及临床研究

目的研究可控性丝线的致栓效果及其治疗体表难治性海绵状静脉畸形的初步疗效。方法将丝线一端留置于不同管腔大小的静脉内,另一端挂于血管壁埋于皮下,实现其可控性,用经过不同处置的丝线,分别留置于兔耳缘静脉、股静脉,观察其引起血管栓塞的效果。选择致栓效果较好的丝线组,用于临床治疗难治性体表海绵状静脉畸形的患者。结果几种经不同处置的丝线,均能不同程度地起到闭塞血管的作用,对于管腔稍大,血流较快的静脉(兔股静脉),浸泡丝裂霉素并打结的丝线组,致栓效果最好;临床初步应用证实,可控性丝线治疗体表难治性静脉畸形,安全有效。结论可控性丝线静脉内留置术,是一种安全、有效、损伤小、操作简便的治疗体表难治性海绵状静脉畸形的新方法。     

骨髓间充质干细胞在丝素蛋白/骨形态发生蛋白中的生物学行为观察

目的 观察丝素蛋白与牛骨形态发生蛋白的载体系统与骨髓间充质干细胞的体外相容性.方法 将多孔丝素蛋白修剪成20×10×5 mm长方体状物,置入6孔板中;将粉状bBMP用PBS液溶解制成2mg/ml混悬液,0.5ml无菌移液管滴定于多孔丝素蛋白上(0.5毫升/个).骨髓间充质干细胞以107/ml接种到载体系统上,复合4小时后加入生长液继续体外培养,每1、4、8天时进行碱性磷酸酶、矿化结节染色观察以及扫描电镜和激光共聚焦显微镜观察;另外同时设立单纯丝素蛋白与细胞复合培养对照组进行观察.结果 倒置显微镜、扫描电镜和共聚焦显微镜下观察到细胞在两种材料上生长形态、活性正常,体外培养24小时时细胞已贴附材料上,呈匍匐状伸展,以后逐渐融合生长,8天时大量细胞成片状攀附在材料表面,并分泌有大量的网状细胞外基质,实验组可见结节状基质生成;碱性磷酸酶、矿化结节染色观察发现实验组细胞碱性磷酸酶和矿化结节染色阳性反应,对照组阴性.结论 丝素蛋白是一种良好细胞外基质材料,也是一种良好生长因子的缓释载体.     

Inhibition of IgE formation in mice by glycoproteins from corn silk

The inhibitory effects of glycoproteins separated from a hot water extract of corn silk (U-CSE) on the formation of IgE antibodies after primarily and secondarily challenged responses with dinitrophenyl (DNP)-ovalbumin (OVA) antigen in mice were investigated using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test. When U-CSE was given intranasally or intraperitoneally the day before primary immunization, IgE antibody production was strongly inhibited. Furthermore, it was found that new formation of IgE antibodies was readily inhibited by U-CSE administration in mice with high levels of IgE after primary immunization. It was also found that U-CSE markedly suppressed IgE antibody formation in secondarily challenged responses with the antigen. U-CSE may be clinically applicable to type I allergic diseases.     

丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折124例远期疗效观察

目的评价应用粗丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折的远期疗效。方法1986年9月～1996年2月采用粗丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折124例,其中横行骨折88例,粉碎性骨折36例。对横行骨折行上下折块纵行钻孔,穿双根10号粗丝线;对粉碎性骨折先将较大骨折块纵行钻孔,穿双根10号粗丝线结扎固定,再用单根10号粗丝线沿髌骨外缘做双半环缝合,对合好小骨折块,保持髌骨平整。术后伸膝位石膏托固定3～4周后,开始膝关节功能锻炼。结果本组病例随访1～3年,平均2.4年。骨折愈合时间为3～6个月,平均4.2个月;其中横行骨折愈合时间平均为3.4个月,粉碎性骨折为5.6个月。膝关节功能恢复,优90例,良26例,可8例,差无;优良率93.5%。有18例出现髌骨轻度增大、创伤性关节炎及关节疼痛。无一例发生关节感染及骨折断端裂开的并发症。结论丝线固定法修复髌骨骨折,手术操作简便,力量可靠,能理想地恢复髌骨的完整及关节面的平滑,又能避免各种金属置入物内固定修复髌骨产生的并发症,且无需二次手术取出内固定物,尤其适用于粉碎性骨折,但术后需石膏固定,不能早期活动是其缺点。     

再生柞蚕丝素蛋白对人骨髓间充质干细胞体外扩增的支持作用

大量的研究表明家蚕丝素蛋白具有良好的生物相容性。而对于柞蚕丝素蛋白在医用生物领域的研究报道在国内外尚较少。本研究选择再生柞蚕丝素蛋白为研究对象，观察了人骨髓间充质干细胞（hBMSCs）在再生柞蚕丝素膜上的粘附、生长及表面抗原的变化。结果在1h观察再生柞蚕丝素对hBMSCs的粘附力几乎与胶原相同，明显优于家蚕丝素和聚苯乙烯培养板。MTT法检测结果显示在第4d hBMSCs在再生柞蚕丝素膜上的增殖明显高于其他各组。电镜观察结果显示hBMSCs在再生柞蚕丝素膜上能够很好的粘附、生长，细胞间能相互连接形成片状结构。流式细胞仪检测再生柞蚕丝素蛋白对hBMSCs表面抗原的表达亦无明显影响。本研究结果显示再生柞蚕丝素蛋白体外支持hBMSCs的粘附、生长，具有良好的细胞相容性。     

丝素蛋白用于生物材料的研究进展

阐述了丝素蛋白用于固定化酶载体、生物酶防护剂、生物传感器、药物缓释载体、功能性细胞培养基质、抗血凝物质、人工器官等生物材料的研究进展。丝素蛋白在生物材料方面有非常广阔的应用前景。     

Hydrophobic Bombyx mori Silk Fibroin: Routes to Functionalization with Alkyl Chains

Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) is a very versatile biopolymer due to its biocompatibility and exceptional mechanical properties which make possible its use as a functional material in several applications. SF can be modified with a large variety of chemical approaches which endow the material with tailored chemical–physical properties. Here, a systematic investigation of different routes is reported to graft long alkyl chains on SF based on both liquid- and solid-phase, aiming to modulate its hydrophobic behavior. The liquid phase method involves direct activation of SF tyrosine residues via diazo coupling and cycloaddition reactions, generating hydrophobic materials insoluble in any common solvent. The solid phase approach consists of the chemical modification of drop-casted SF films by esterification of hydroxyl groups of serine, threonine, and tyrosine SF residues with acyl chlorides of fatty acids. For the solid-state functionalization, a new class of hydrophobic pendant groups is synthesized, based on triple esters of gallic acid anhydrides, that are reacted with the biopolymer to further enhance its resulting hydrophobic features.     

Electrospun Biomimic Nanofibrous Scaffolds of Silk Fibroin/Hyaluronic Acid for Tissue Engineering

Abstract

This study aimed to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds which could biomimic the natural extracellular matrix from aqueous solutions of silk fibroin and hyaluronic acid blends (SF/HA) by means of electrospinning. Scanning electronic microscopy results indicated that electrospun SF/HA nanofibers were ribbon-shaped and their average width obviously decreased with the increase of HA content. However, there is no fiber observed when the volume of HA further increased to 50% of overall volume. After being treated with 75% ethanol vapor for 24 h, the fibers still remained their fibrous morphologies and presented good capability of water-resistance. Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy, ¹³C-CP-MAS nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetry results revealed that HA did not induce SF conformation from random coil to β-sheet. SF conformation converted from random coil to β-sheet after being treated with 75% ethanol vapor. Cell viability studies demonstrated that SF/HA nanofibrous scaffolds significantly promoted cell proliferation. Electrospun SF/HA nanofibers may provide an ideal biomimic tissue-engineering scaffold or vehicle for water-soluble drugs.