母亲龋易感性与婴儿口腔微生物多样性关系的纵向探究

目的通过检查有龋及无龋母亲的口腔卫生状况,并通过随访收集其婴儿1个月(1月龄)及6个月(6月龄)的唾液样本测序分析,观察母亲患龋情况对其婴儿口腔微生物多样性的影响。方法通过筛查收集1月龄婴儿的唾液样本;于首次采样时记录母亲的口腔卫生状况,根据母亲患龋情况将婴儿分为母亲有龋组(简称有龋组)和母亲无龋组(简称无龋组),跟踪随访至婴儿6个月时再次收集唾液样本。通过高通量测序的方法,分析婴儿不同月龄微生物多样性的变化。结果本研究随访受试者10例(男6例,女4例),其中有龋组7例,无龋组3例,各组间的微生物群落多样性Shannon指数均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。无龋组婴儿1月龄至6月龄时微生物群落的物种组成有较大变化;有龋组婴儿在1月龄和6月龄时组内各样本间物种组成均差异较大;1月龄时两组微生物群落较相似,而至6月龄时两组婴儿唾液的物种组成已开始发生变化。结论有龋组婴儿口腔内菌群多样性总体高于无龋组,在1月龄至6月龄间婴儿口腔内微生物物种的多样性及丰度均有了不同程度的提高。     

Patient-Centered Framework for Rehabilitation Research in Outpatient Settings

Conducting high-quality clinical research is dependent on merging scientific rigor with the clinical environment. This is often a complex endeavor that may include numerous barriers and competing interests. Overcoming these challenges and successfully integrating clinical research programs into clinical practice settings serving rehabilitation outpatients is beneficial from both a logistical perspective (eg, supports efficient and successful research procedures) and the establishment of a truly patient-centered research approach. Leveraging our experience with navigating this research-clinical care relationship, this article (1) proposes the Patient-Centered Framework for Rehabilitation Research, a model for integrating patient-centered research in an outpatient clinical setting that incorporates a collaborative, team-based model encompassing patient-centered values, as well as strategies for recruitment and retention, with a focus on populations living with disabilities or chronic diseases; (2) describes application of this framework in a comprehensive specialty multiple sclerosis center with both general strategies and specific examples to guide adaptation and implementation in other settings; and (3) discusses the effect of the framework as a model in 1 center, as well as the need for additional investigation and adaptation for other populations. The 5 interconnected principles incorporated in the Framework and which prioritize patient-centeredness include identifying shared values, partnering with the clinical setting, engaging with the population, building relationships with individuals, and designing accessible procedures. The Patient-Centered Framework for Rehabilitation Research is a model presented as an adaptable roadmap to guide researchers in hopes of not only improving individual patients’ experiences but also the quality and relevance of rehabilitation research as a whole. Future investigation is needed to test the Framework in other settings.     

全程分期式健康教育对Miles术后患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨全程分期式健康教育对Miles术患者生活质量的影响.方法将80例行Miles术的直肠癌患者随机分为观察组与对照组各40例.观察组采用全程分期式健康教育,对照组采用传统的手术前后宣教.两组均在出院前,出院后1、3、6个月发放Miles术患者生活质量问卷,在出院前发放护理工作满意度调查表进行调查.结果观察组出院前自理能力、造口情况、心理状况及护理工作满意度显著优于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),出院时间显著缩短(P＜0.05);出院后观察组自理能力、造口情况等及生活质量总分均显著优于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论全程分期式健康教育能有效提高Miles术患者的近期和远期生活质量.     

Percutaneous management of lymphatic fluid collections

Eight lymphatic fluid collections were drained percutaneously. There were no immediate or late complications. Seven patients had follow-up; 1 required surgical drainage of a residual or recurrent lymphocele, and another had reaccumulated fluid in a lymphocele which was detected on autopsy. The remaining lymphatic collections responded to percutaneous drainage. Percutaneous drainage is safe and can be an effective tool in the management of lymphatic collections.     

医用钛合金在三种不同生理电解液中的耐腐蚀行为研究

利用电化学方法研究医用钛合金在0.9%NaCl生理盐水，模拟人工唾液，模拟人工体液中的腐蚀情况，分析腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流密度，扫面电镜观察腐蚀表面形貌，CA-A型接触角测试仪测试钛合金表面被腐蚀后接触角的变化。实验表明：钛合金在三种生理电解液中的腐蚀情况依次是：模拟人工唾液〉模拟人工体液〉0.9%NaCl生理盐水。扫面电镜观察表明，医用钛合金在0.9% NaCl生理盐水腐蚀后，表面出现了许多腐蚀孔，经模拟人体体液腐蚀后，表面变得粗糙不平整，腐蚀孔数目变化不大，钛合金经人工唾液腐蚀后，腐蚀孔数目增多，部分腐蚀孔孔径明显增大。经三种生理电解液腐蚀后，钛合金表面接触角都减小。结论：医用钛合金在人工唾液中的腐蚀最严重，在临床应用中应给予相应的防范措施。     

Salivary IgA, lysozyme and β-microglobulin in periodontal disease

Abstract — The concentrations of IgA, lysozyme and β-microglobulin (β₂-m) were quantitated in wax-stimulated mixed saliva from 28 patients with severe periodontitis and from 28 healthy controls. The mutual correlations between IgA, lysozyme and β₂-rn were determined. In patients with periodontitis decreased lysozyme concentrations were detected when compared with controls (P<0.05). The correlation between IgA and β₂-m concentrations was highly significant in both groups studied (P<0.0001, and P <0.002), whereas β₂-m and lysozyme concentrations were positively correlated in patients but not in controls. In addition, a significant correlation between IgA and lysozyme was found only in periodontal patients ( P <0.001).     

慢性鼻窦炎患儿家长疾病知识认知度调查

目的了解鼻窦炎患儿家长对儿童鼻窦炎相关知识的认知情况,为进一步加强卫生宣教、预防儿童鼻窦炎提供理论依据。方法对65名鼻窦炎患儿家长进行关于儿童鼻窦炎发病因素、临床表现、并发症以及对儿童生长发育影响等问题的问卷调查。结果调查显示95.4%的家长对儿童鼻窦炎知识缺乏了解,且知识获得途径单一。结论应通过各种途径加强儿童鼻窦炎知识的宣教,积极预防儿童鼻窦炎。     

护理本科生关爱能力调查分析

目的了解护理本科生关爱能力现状,为护理本科生关爱能力的培养提供依据。方法采用关爱能力评价表,对四川省4所医学院校579名护理本科生关爱能力进行问卷调查。结果护理本科生关爱能力评分为189.72±19.57,在各维度中耐心维度得分最高,勇气维度得分最低;不同性别、民族、是否独生子女关爱能力比较,差异无显著性意义（均P〉0.05）;四年级护理本科生关爱能力评分显著高于二、三年级（均P〈0.05）。结论护理本科生关爱能力仍需提高,建议从实践关爱和课程设置等方面提高护理本科生的关爱能力。     

Sucrose-dependent accumulation of oral streptococci and their adhesion-defective mutants on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite

The adhesion and accumulation of oral streptococci on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite was examined in strains representing species that appear in initial plaque ( Streptococcus sanguise FC1 and Streptococcus oralis C5) and in more mature plaque ( Streptococcus gordonii G9B). Washed cells of strains FC1 and C5 did not attach better to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite than did strain G9B, suggesting that the degree of initial adhesiveness does not alone account for the temporal appearance of these bacteria in dental plaque. Growing cells of each strain were also examined for their ability to accumulate on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. The addition of sucrose to the medium promoted the accumulation of strain G9B more than it promoted the accumulation of strains FC1 and C5. Sucrose also enhanced the accumulation of adhesion-defective mutants of each strain to levels similar to those of the respective parent strains. These results suggest that sucrose-dependent accumulation may facilitate the colonization of the tooth surface by these species of oral streptococci when adhesion is limited by reduced bacterial adhesiveness or limited pellicle-binding sites.     

结合计算法和单一酶免法测定血清游离睾酮结果比较

目的　探寻测定血清游离睾酮 (FT)浓度的准确方法。　方法　 12 9例 45岁以上健康男性 ,按年龄分为 4组 ,收集血清标本 -40℃冻存。酶标免疫方法同批测定FT ,同时测定总睾酮 (T)和性激素结合球蛋白 (SHBG)并代入Vermeulen公式计算 :FT =T -2 3 .43FTSHBG -(T -2 3 .43FT) × 10 - 9mol/L。对两种方法测定结果进行统计学比较。　结果　 12 9例标本中酶免法FT为 (46.69± 2 1.79)pmol/L ,计算法为 (3 96.3 0± 3 17.0 4)pmol/L ,t =13 .0 1,P <0 .0 1,差异有非常显著性意义。两种方法测定FT浓度各年龄组间差异均有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;与年龄相关分析差异均有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,相关程度计算法大于酶免法。FT/T平均百分数酶免法为 0 .2 3 % ,计算法为 1.42 %。　结论　结合计算法检测FT浓度较酶免法更科学、正确 ,更适用于老年男子部分性雄激素缺乏综合征 (PADAM )的诊断