AECOPD与稳定期血清胃动素水平的变化

目的观察慢性阻塞性肺病患者（COPD）急性加重期胃肠功能紊乱的因素之一是否与胃动素分泌异常和调节失衡具有相关性。方法采用特异的胃动素抗体，通过放射免疫测定法，测定43例COPD急性加重期与42例稳定期血清胃动素的含量。结果COPD急性加重期组胃动素含量（334±126．5）ng／L较稳定期组（156±38．4）ng／L升高（P〈0．01）。且COPD急性加重期组中伴上腹饱胀、暖气、腹泻等消化道不适者15例胃动素为（391±25．52）ng／L高于28例COPD患者急性加重期无消化道不适者（312±15．21）ng／L（P〈O．01）。结论COPD急性加重期胃肠功能紊乱的因素之一与胃动素分泌异常和调节失衡有关。     

不同肾脏疾病时leptin与NPY的水平变化

目的：探讨不同肾脏疾病时血浆瘦素（leptin）和神经肽Y（NPY）的水平变化及意义。方法：应用放射免疫分析对176例不同肾脏疾病患者血清leptin及血浆NPY水平进行检测,并与35例正常人进行对比。结果：与对照组比较,糖尿病肾病、慢性肾功能不全及血液透析前后血清leptin水平均增高显著（P〈0．05;P〈0．01;P〈0．01）。血浆NPY水平在慢性肾功能衰竭和血液透析前后显著增高（P〈0．01;P〈0．01）。其他各组与对照组比较均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。与血透前比较,血透后leptin和NPY水平明显降低有显著性差异（P〈0．05;P〈0．05）。相关性分析显示,慢性肾功能衰竭组和血液透析组leptin与NPY之间均呈正相关（r=0．68。t=3．62,P〈0．01;r=0．58,t=4．02,P〈0．01）,其他各组间无相关性。结论：慢性肾脏疾病和慢性肾功能衰竭患者存在高leptin、NPY血症;血液透析过程能增加leptin和NPY的清除率,改善患者的营养状态。     

Serum immunoglobulins in breast cancer.

Eighty-one women admitted for breast tumor biopsy have been followed sequentially for 12 months. Thirty-one women had clinical stage I and II breast cancer and 50 had benign breast disease. All these women had serum immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM and IgE levels measured by immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay preoperatively, two weeks postoperatively, then three months, six months, nine months and twelve months postoperatively. Significant differences were found in IgA and IgG levels preoperatively in the cancer group while no differences were found in IgM or IgE levels at any time. There was positive correlation between the extent of metastatic breast cancer and IgA level. There was negative correlation between the extent of metastatic breast cancer and IgM levels. These findings raise the value of measuring the levels of immunoglobulins in patients with breast cancer as a guide to subclinical spread of the disease. The results may also support the hypothesis of the role of early immune defect in immunoglobulin metabolism in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.