男性精神分裂症暴力违法者脑电图临床特点对照研究

目的:研究暴力违法青年精神分裂症患者的脑电图特征。方法:采用脑电记录仪对400例司法鉴定涉嫌暴力违法精神分裂症患者和进行描记,并将结果与非暴力违法精神分裂症患者的结果进行对照。结果:暴力组脑电图异常频度明显高于对照组(P<0.01);暴力组癫痫样放电征在左侧、右侧与双侧的表达频度与对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);癫痫样放电征左侧大脑半球表达频度显著高于右侧(P<0.01);暴力组癫痫样放电征涉及额叶、颞叶、顶叶和枕叶频度,与对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);癫痫样放电征多在颞叶、额叶表达;暴力组癫痫样放电征总体表达频度与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者的暴力违法行为可能与大脑损害及大脑癫痫样放电征有关,大脑异常放电冲动刺激可能是导致患者暴力违法的重要因素。     

A clinical model for the treatment of personality disordered sexual offenders: an example of theory knitting

In this paper we present a clinical model for the treatment of personality disordered sexual offenders. The model is based on the theoretical assumption that cognitive distortions emerge from more general explanatory theories. It seems that the pathways of offending processes that are characterized by positive or negative affects can be found in all treated sex offenders regardless of their motivation. We assume that these pathways are activated by cognitive distortions that illustrate the underlying general explanatory theory held by the offender and that these distortions are typical for overall daily interpersonal behavior of the offender. This means that, as predicted by our clinical model in the case of offenders with a personality disorder, the type of explanatory cognition that is underlying their sexual offenses is the same as the one that is underlying their general explanatory theories. We will describe the clinical model and the treatment program used at Forensic Psychiatric Hospital Center Veldzicht with a review of our experiences.     

精神发育迟滞患者司法鉴定涉案特征分析

目的 探讨精神发育迟滞患者的涉案特征.方法 对185例精神发育迟滞患者涉案的司法鉴定资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组案例以性犯罪为主（58.9％）.男性发案率较分散,依次为盗窃、强奸、伤害、抢劫、纵火等,以轻度精神发育迟滞和边缘智力为主,司法鉴定结果多为限定刑事责任能力.女性案例以被性侵害突出,轻、中度精神发育迟滞为主,多为无性防卫能力;其次为少数的杀人和伤害等暴力犯罪.民事案件主要为民事赔偿、离婚,以轻、中度精神发育迟滞为主.结论 精神发育迟滞患者的司法精神病学鉴定以刑事案件为主,男性与女性患者各有其不同的涉案特点.     

Audition publique auteurs de violences sexuelles : prévention, évaluation,prise en charge des 14 et 15 juin 2018 : perspectives et préconisations

In France, since the law of June 17, 1998, sexual offenders may be convicted to ambulatory mandatory care, articulated with the justice. Twenty years after the implementation of this law, while social and technological developments have redefined certain aspects of delinquency, reference documents and practice guidelines remain to be updated. This is why the professionals of the main structures and associations dealing with perpetrators of sexual violence organized a public hearing under the sponsorship of the French Federation of Resource Centers for Sexual Violence Perpetrators (FFCRIAVS) according to the methodology and with the accompaniment of the High Authority of Health. This article presents the global methodology of the public hearing “Sexual Offenders: Prevention, Evaluation and Care” which was conducted on June 14 and 15, 2018. Thirty-three experts replied to27 questions and presented their conclusions to an Audition Committee and an audience of 200 persons representative of the civil and professional society. After a public debate, the hearing committee prepared a report in which they proposed propositions in order to better care for sexual offenders.     

性犯罪相关因素的综合性研究

目的探讨性犯罪的相关因素及预防措施。方法采用Olsen家庭问卷、艾森克人格问卷、WAIS-RC智力测验等测查工具,对78名性犯罪者和78名正常人对照,就家庭、个性、智力、社会环境等有关因素进行综合性分析。结果母孕期营养差、少年严重疾病、智能偏低、少年学习成绩差、少年品行障碍(如反复逃学、说谎、偷窃、打架斗殴、逃离家庭)、具有精神质(P)和神经质(N)等个体因素,研究组明显高于对照组。在家庭和社会环境方面:单亲家庭、父母文化水平低、家庭中有违法犯罪成员、对孩子管教方式不良、缺乏监督、不良结伴、追求享受、赌博、酗酒、坏人教唆等明显高于对照组,差异有显著性。结论预防性犯罪应采取综合措施,需要全社会的共同努力。     

卫生违法行为屡犯法律问题初探

在一些领域,卫生违法行为屡罚屡犯现象仍较为普遍,文章结合行政法学有关理论,探讨卫生违法行为屡犯问题的界定、量罚及行刑衔接等问题,为卫生行政执法实践提供参考。     

精神分裂症违法者脑电图特点分析

目的探讨暴力违法青年精神分裂症患者的脑电图特征。方法采用脑电记录仪对400例司法鉴定涉嫌暴力违法精神分裂症患者进行描记。结果暴力组脑电图异常频度显著高于对照组（P〈0.005）;暴力组癫痫样放电征在左侧、右侧与双侧的表达频度与对照组无显著差异（P〉0.05）;癫痫样放电征左侧大脑半球表达频度显著高于右侧（P〈0.005）;暴力组癫痫样放电征涉及额叶、颞叶、顶叶和枕叶频度与对照组无明显差异（P〉0.05）;癫痫样放电征多在颞叶、额叶表达;暴力组癫痫样放电征总体表达频度与对照组比较差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论精神分裂症患者的暴力违法行为可能与大脑损害及大脑癫痫样放电征有关,大脑异常放电冲动刺激可能是导致患者暴力违法的重要因素。     

A frailty model for recurrent events during alternating restraint and non‐restraint time periods

We consider recurrent events of the same type that occur during alternating restraint and non‐restraint time periods. This research is motivated by a study on juvenile recidivism, where the probationers were followed for re‐offenses during alternating placement periods and free‐time periods. During the placement periods, the probationers were under a restricted environment with direct supervision of the probation officers. During the free‐time periods, the probationers were released to home and not under direct supervision. Although re‐offenses can occur during both types of time periods, the intensities of the re‐offenses are very different. Thus, these two types of time periods should be modeled differently. The same data structure also arises in many biomedical settings, as exemplified by tumor metastases during chemotherapy and chemo‐free periods. In this paper, we propose a joint modeling framework that explicitly accounts for the different types of time periods, as well as the within‐subject dependence during the same type and between different types of time periods. The estimation procedure is implemented in SAS and is easily accessible to practical investigators. We evaluate the proposed method through simulation studies under several realistic scenarios and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method by applying it to the juvenile recidivism dataset. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

上海市卢湾区卫生监督“二次加重处罚”效果实证研究

目的 评估上海市卢湾区卫生监督部门开展“二次加重处罚”的执法效果,并找出监管重点.方法 定量研究与定性研究相结合,对上海市卢湾区2008年以来对无证经营主体开展“二次加重处罚”的情况进行分析与评估.结果 (1)不同主体类型、不同主营项目、不同街道的无证经营主体屡犯屡不同.(2)“二次加重处罚”对当事人改正违法行为具有督促作用、其效果与处罚力度、及时性和执行情况有关、并且受到其他社会、经济因素的影响.结论 (1)应将企业分支机构、美容行业、辖区南部区域作为上海市卢湾区监管无证公共场所的重点;同时应以中医行业为重点,加强对中低端商务楼无证行医的排查与监控.(2)应完善案件执行及行刑衔接机制,加强行政处罚自由裁量基准制度研究,充分体现过罚相当原则.