Laparoscopic presacral neurolysis for endometriosis-related pelvic pain

BACKGROUND: Some patients with endometriosis are candidates for sympathectomy of the superior hypogastric plexus. The objective of this paper is to describe our technique of laparoscopic presacral neurolysis for sympathectomy and to report 1 year results of the first 15 cases. METHODS: To achieve this objective in a prospective observational study of 1 year follow-up; we performed laparoscopic presacral chemical neurolysis with phenol in 15 patients with pelvic pain and minimal-moderate endometriosis. The main outcome measures were: the impact of treatment on pelvic symptom resolution, non-opioid analgesic consumption during menses, sexual performance and observed complications and side effects during 1 year follow-up. RESULTS: We noted a significant reduction in total pelvic symptom score as compared with baseline mean (SD) of 9.04 (1.2). The mean difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] of reduction was 5.7 (4.9-6.5), 5.8 (5.0-6.6) and 5.8 (4.9-6.6) from the baseline at the 3rd, 6th and 12th postoperative month (P < 0.001). We observed a significant improvement in Sabbatberg Sexual Rating Scale as compared with baseline mean (SD) of 30.9 (4.3). The mean difference (95% CI) of increase was 33.4 (30.3-36.4), 33.2 (30.1-36.2) and 33.2 (30.1-36.3) from the baseline at the 3rd, 6th and 12th postoperative month. We observed a significant reduction in analgesic consumption during menses in terms of total naproxen sodium tablets as compared with baseline mean (SD) of 8.9 (1.1). The mean difference (95% CI) of reduction in the total number of naproxen sodium 250 mg tablets was 6.5 (5.5-7.5), 6.7 (5.7-7.7) and 6.6 (5.6-7.6) from the baseline at the 3rd, 6th and 12th postoperative month. The most common side effect was constipation. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic presacral neurolysis is feasible and simple. More data is needed to support its efficacy and safety.     

咽丛神经切断术在发音重建中的作用

目的　为解除咽缩肌的痉挛 ,提高喉全切除术后用发音管发音重建的成功率。方法　在一侧舌骨大角后内侧咽缩肌的后表面 6 5mm左右 ,可找到咽丛神经支配咽下缩肌的主支或分支 ,将其切断。结果　 16例中 15例咽丛神经切断术后发音重建成功 ,成功率为 93 8%。结论　咽丛神经切断术取代咽缩肌切断术是可行的。咽丛神经切断术能提高Blom Singer发音管发音重建的成功率 ,值得推广应用。     

Effects of sciatic neurectomy on the femur in growing rats: Application of peripheral quantitative computed tomography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

The effects of unilateral sciatic neurectomy (USN) on the development of the femur were studied in 15 growing Wistar-derived rats (age, 5 weeks). The rats were divided into four groups: USN-operated group (right femur), USN-nonoperated group (left femur), sham-operated group (right femur), and sham-nonoperated group (left femur). Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone area, periosteal circumference, and endosteal circumference were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and the mineral/matrix ratio was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The USN-operated group showed a significant decrease in cortical BMC, bone area, and periosteal circumference compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). The cortical BMD did not vary significantly between the groups. In the cancellous bone, the USN-operated group showed a significant decrease in BMD and BMC at the metaphysis compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). The mineral/matrix ratio of the cortical bone did not differ significantly between the USN-operated and USN-nonoperated groups. These results suggest that in cortical bone, USN inhibits periosteal bone formation but has no significant effect on the mineral/matrix ratio of cortical bone in femurs. In cancellous bone, USN induces bone loss at the metaphysis. Received: Nov. 19, 1998 / Accepted: Feb. 12, 1999     

Hearing Results after Vestibular Neurectomy

After a general review of the actual histopathological concept of Menière's disease, a review of the results, as concerns hearing, of the selective section of the vestibular fibers by the suboccipital approach, and of vestibular neurectomy by the middle fossa approach is made.

From our personal experience in performing 247 neurectomies from November, 1969 to July, 1976 as treatment for peripheral vertigos of different etiologies, auditory function was followed-up in 78 cases of Menière's disease, with a postoperative control, between 2 and 6% years. In 51% of these cases the preoperative threshold was preserved, hearing improved in 32%, and deteriorated in 17%.

Possible mechanisms by which vestibular neurectomy can favorably influence hearing are considered, with special mention of the neurovegetative theory.

Après un rappel de la conception histopathologique actuelle de la maladie de Menière, nous examinons les résultats, concernant l'audition, de la séction selective des fibres vestibulaires par voie sous-occipitale et de la neurectomie vestibulaire par la fosse moyenne.

Parmi les 247 neurectomies effectuées personnellement de novembre 1969 à juillet 1976 pour traiter des vertiges périphériques de différentes étiologies, nous avons noté l'état de la fonction auditive dans 78 cas de maladie de Menière pendant une période s'étendant entre 2 et 6 1/2 ans. Dans 51% des cas le seuil d'audition préopératoire est conservé; dans 32% l'audition s'est améliorée et dans 17% elle s'est aggravée.

Nous examinons par quels mécanismes la neurectomie vestibulaire peut avoir une influence sur Paudition, retenant spécialement une théorie neurovégétative.     

腹腔镜下骶前神经切除术治疗子宫内膜异位症致痛经的疗效观察

目的评价骶前神经切除术治疗盆腔子宫内膜异位症致痛经的疗效。方法2000年3月以来,深圳市罗湖区人民医院为97例盆腔子宫内膜异位症所致痛经病人行骶前神经切除术、宫骶韧带切除术和单纯病灶切除术,其中骶前神经切除术29例,宫骶韧带切除术35例,单纯病灶切除术33例,对3组的手术情况、手术效果、术后随访等进行对比研究。结果3组病人术后随访1~24个月经周期,3组病人术后痛经完全缓解率骶前神经切除术组、宫骶韧带切除术组和单纯病灶切除术组12个月分别为75.9%、37.1%和33.3%,24个月为72.5%、31.4%和21.2%。结论腹腔镜下骶前神经切除术能明显提高子宫内膜异位症致痛经的治愈率。     

Three-dimensional computer-aided reconstruction and measurement of the temporal bone for singular neurectomy

Summary A computer reconstruction method was used to study five normal temporal bones for the three-dimensional anatomy necessary for singular neurectomy. The length of the singular canal was 4.9 ± 0.6 mm. The distal portion of the singular canal courses at a sharp angle (48.2°) to the direction of the transmeatal surgical approach for this operation. The reconstructions indicated that the singular canal can be exposed by introducing a drill through the external auditory meatus at a point 0.71 mm posteroinferior to the posteromedial margin of the round window on the saucerized medial wall of the round window niche. The distance from this site to the distal end-portion of the singular canal averaged 1.47 mm. The point on the drilling course (from the drilling site to the singular canal) closest to the vestibular end of the hook portion of the cochlea was 0.48–1.00 mm from the drilling site. The reconstructions also indicated that the dissection should proceed superomedially, if necessary, after a 1-mm-deep straight dissection along the transmeatal approach. The ampulla of the posterior semicircular canal, cochlear aqueduct and inferior cochlear vein were all found to lie within 2 mm of the drilling point. Offprint requests to: I. Sando     

鼻内窥镜下翼管神经切断术对血管运动性鼻炎的治疗作用

目的:探讨鼻内窥镜下翼管神经切断术对血管运动性鼻炎的治疗作用,方法:对14个尸头进行细致的解剖测量研究,并对51例血管运动性鼻炎患者实施了鼻内窥镜下切除中鼻甲后端进路的翼管神经切断术,术后随访5年.结果:解剖测量显示,翼管位于蝶腭孔的后方,外口呈漏斗型,垂直径为(3.5±0.9)mm,横径为(2.9±0.5)mm,距离圆孔为(6.1±1.2)mm,距离鼻中隔(10.5±5.9)mm.翼管的纵轴与水平面成角(27±9.6)度,与矢状平面成角(7.8±2.5)度.51例病人的随访结果显示,术后5年内显效病例为41例(80.4%),有效病例3例(5.9%).结论:鼻内窥镜下切除中鼻甲后端进路的翼管神经切断术,是治疗血管运动性鼻炎的有效方法.     

Meralgia paresthetica caused by hip-huggers in a patient with aberrant course of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

"Hip-huggers" may be a precipitating factor for meralgia paresthetica (MP), especially in thin persons with an aberrant pathway of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). We describe a 25-year-old woman with a long-standing history of MP caused by an abnormal course of the LFCN and tight trousers, specifically hip-huggers. Ultrasonography was useful for detecting the lesion site and the abnormal pathway of the LFCN. After neurectomy of the LFCN, most of the symptoms of MP were relieved, but mild hypesthesia remained in the lateral thigh.