应用威布尔分布函数研究红霉素微囊的溶出度

本文测定了红霉素微囊在人工肠液中的溶出度，并用威布尔分布函数求出了溶出百分率与时间的关系。     

胸腺肽乙基纤维素微囊的制备和体外释药研究

 目的为提高胸腺肽的生物利用度，增强疗效，制备了胸腺肽乙基纤维素缓释微囊。方法用液中干燥法制备胸腺肽乙基纤维素微囊，正交设计法筛选其最佳制备工艺，Lowry法测定药物的含量，计算微囊的载药量、包封率及体外释药量。结果微囊粒径范围为30-80ym，平均粒径为52.64 tim，平均含药量为20.420h，平均包封率为81.64%，其体外释药符合Higuchi方程Q=5.15387+35. 350 59t1/2(r=0.997,n=9)，f1／2-80min，稳定性考察实验结果表明其稳定性较好。结论本法制备的胸腺肽乙基纤维素微囊粒径分布集中，体外释药有明显的缓释作用，具有良好应用前景。     

Determination of the shell permeability of microcapsules with a core of oil-based active ingredient

An experimental and theoretical methodology is proposed to calculate the permeability of microcapsules that contain a core of oil-based active ingredient. Theoretical analysis is performed considering the polydispersity of the measurable capsule size, which allows the estimation of the permeability polydispersity via three different methods. The models proposed were applied in order to determine the permeability of melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules with hexyl salicylate as core oil. Release experiments were performed with four different co-solvents (ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol and 1,3-butanediol) of different concentration. Permeability values were found to be constant, despite a two order magnitude of difference in the solubility concentrations.     

Plasmodium falciparum synthetic LbL microparticle vaccine elicits protective neutralizing antibody and parasite-specific cellular immune responses

Epitopes of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of Plasmodium falciparum, the most pathogenic species of the malaria parasite, have been shown to elicit protective immunity in experimental animals and human volunteers. The mechanisms of immunity include parasite-neutralizing antibodies that can inhibit parasite motility in the skin at the site of infection and in the bloodstream during transit to the hepatocyte host cell and also block interaction with host cell receptors on hepatocytes. In addition, specific CD4+ and CD8+ cellular mechanisms target the intracellular hepatic forms, thus preventing release of erythrocytic stage parasites from the infected hepatocyte and the ensuing blood stage cycle responsible for clinical disease. An innovative method for producing particle vaccines, layer-by-layer (LbL) fabrication of polypeptide films on solid CaCO₃ cores, was used to produce synthetic malaria vaccines containing a tri-epitope CS peptide T1BT* comprising the antibody epitope of the CS repeat region (B) and two T-cell epitopes, the highly conserved T1 epitope and the universal epitope T*. Mice immunized with microparticles loaded with T1BT* peptide developed parasite-neutralizing antibodies and malaria-specific T-cell responses including cytotoxic effector T-cells. Protection from liver stage infection following challenge with live sporozoites from infected mosquitoes correlated with neutralizing antibody levels. Although some immunized mice with low or undetectable neutralizing antibodies were also protected, depletion of T-cells prior to challenge resulted in the majority of mice remaining resistant to challenge. In addition, mice immunized with microparticles bearing only T-cell epitopes were not protected, demonstrating that cellular immunity alone was not sufficient for protective immunity. Although the microparticles without adjuvant were immunogenic and protective, a simple modification with the lipopeptide TLR2 agonist Pam₃Cys increased the potency and efficacy of the LbL vaccine candidate. This study demonstrates the potential of LbL particles as promising malaria vaccine candidates using the T1BT* epitopes from the P. falciparum CS protein.     

口服不同剂量的碘化油微囊防治地方性甲状腺肿的疗效及有效期观察

本文报告1990～1991年在缺碘性疾病流行区新疆托克逊县观察了一次性口服不同剂量(400、300和200mg)碘化油微囊的防治疗效及尿碘排泄。结果表明,在服药后半年和1年甲状腺肿患病率在不同剂量组均有不同程度的下降,治愈率均有不同程度的提高,但与对照组比较无论患病率还是治愈率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。不同剂量组之间服药后1月内尿碘排泄有随剂量增大相应增高的趋势(P<0.01),但至第三个月时无论是不同剂量组之间还是与对照组之间均未见显著差异(P>0.05)。从而提示,口服碘化油微囊能否作为防治缺碘性疾病的长效补碘方法,很值得商榷。     

选择性激光熔化技术在口腔医学中的应用

选择性激光熔化（Selective laser melting,SLM）技术是一种快速成型技术,它以其制作方便、快捷、产品组织结构密度高、精度高、避免传统加工方式原材料浪费等优点,被逐渐运用于各个行业。然而,在口腔医学中的应用还报道较少,主要集中在冠桥修复、可摘局部义齿支架、骨替代物及生物植片等方面。本文介绍了SLM技术的原理,分类以及在口腔医学中的应用特点和前景。     

海藻酸钠-氯化钡微囊对大鼠胰岛体外胰岛素分泌功能的影响

目的　观察海藻酸钠 -氯化钡微囊对大鼠胰岛体外胰岛素分泌功能有无影响。方法　以海藻酸钠和氯化钡为材料 ,采用气体吹喷制囊法将新鲜分离纯化的大鼠胰岛制成微囊化胰岛 ,取空微囊、微囊化大鼠胰岛与未微囊化大鼠胰岛各 5 0 0只 ,分为 10份 ,置于培养板中培养 ,用放免法测定并比较第 2、4、6 d培养液中基础胰岛素浓度。结果　空微囊组第 2、4、6 d的基础胰岛素平均浓度均为 0 nm ol/ 1/ 5 0 ,微囊化大鼠胰岛组第 2、4、6 d的基础胰岛素平均浓度为 5 .179、5 .80 6、5 .5 5 8nm ol/ 1/5 0只 ,未微囊化大鼠胰岛组第 2、4、6 d的基础胰岛素平均浓度为 5 .4 4 1、6 .0 80、5 .4 6 8nmol/ 1/ 5 0只 ,后两者差异无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　海藻酸钠 -氯化钡微囊对大鼠胰岛体外胰岛素分泌功能无影响     

制备条件对丝裂霉素微囊载药量及释放度的影响

目的:筛选制备高载药量和释放性能良好的丝裂霉素微囊的条件。方法:以溶剂非溶剂法制备了丝裂霉素微囊,用高效液相色谱法和紫外分光光度法测定丝裂霉素微囊载药量及释放度。结果:随着囊材用量减少,载药量升高,释放显现突释效应;随着吐温-80用量的增加,释放度逐渐加快,直至无规律释药;随着搅拌速度的加快,载药量先增加后减少,释放度增大。结论:以正己烷、环己烷为溶剂,最佳制备工艺条件是:0.8%的乙基纤维素,4%的吐温-80,100 r.min-1的搅拌速度。     

微囊化牛嗜铬细胞移植对致痛大鼠行为学及脊髓C-fos表达的影响

目的:探讨微囊化牛嗜铬细胞(BCC)蛛网膜下腔移植对疼痛大鼠脊髓后角神经元活动的影响。方法:SD大鼠24只,随机分为空囊组、微囊化BCC组和BCC组,每组8只。分别在3组大鼠的脊髓蛛网膜下腔植入含空囊的DMEM、微囊化BCC和单纯BCC。移植8周后,对3组大鼠行福尔马林疼痛实验;福尔马林处理后2h,免疫组织化学法检测大鼠脊髓后角Cfos蛋白的表达。结果:空囊组、BCC组和微囊化BCC组大鼠痛觉行为反应和脊髓后角Cfos阳性神经元数目均依次减少(P均<0.05)。结论:BCC移植对福尔马林致痛大鼠有镇痛作用,可以抑制福尔马林致痛大鼠脊髓后角Cfos的表达,微囊化BCC效果优于BCC。