全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1516篇 |
免费 | 131篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 28篇 |
儿科学 | 99篇 |
妇产科学 | 30篇 |
基础医学 | 174篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 113篇 |
内科学 | 429篇 |
皮肤病学 | 184篇 |
神经病学 | 71篇 |
特种医学 | 15篇 |
外科学 | 137篇 |
综合类 | 101篇 |
预防医学 | 12篇 |
眼科学 | 78篇 |
药学 | 138篇 |
中国医学 | 11篇 |
肿瘤学 | 21篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 36篇 |
2021年 | 80篇 |
2020年 | 65篇 |
2019年 | 73篇 |
2018年 | 83篇 |
2017年 | 58篇 |
2016年 | 67篇 |
2015年 | 44篇 |
2014年 | 78篇 |
2013年 | 186篇 |
2012年 | 50篇 |
2011年 | 79篇 |
2010年 | 44篇 |
2009年 | 54篇 |
2008年 | 62篇 |
2007年 | 62篇 |
2006年 | 68篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 55篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 38篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 28篇 |
1999年 | 30篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1661条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
P. J. Foreman G. Taglialatela L. Angelucci C. P. Turner J. R. Perez-Polo 《Journal of neuroscience research》1993,36(1):10-18
The synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF) by the hippocampus raises the possibility that NGF may play a role in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA). Subchronic cold stress has been shown to activate the HPAA in a mild noninvasive manner, to stimulate serum glucocorticoid levels, and to perturb NGF binding in hippocampus and basal forebrain. One or repeated episodes of cold stress increased NGF mRNA levels in the hippocampus and p75NGFR mRNA levels in the basal forebrain. These changes were not due to elevated serum glucocorticoid levels since treatment with exogenous corticosterone had no effect on NGF and p75NGFR mRNA levels. Adrenalectomy did not prevent the stress induced increases in NGF and p75NGFR mRNA. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
4.
Andrea von Berg Renate Engelstätter Predrag Minic Miodrag Sréckovic Maria Luz Garcia Garcia Tadeusz Lato Jan H. Vermeulen Stefan Leichtl Stefan Hellbardt Thomas D. Bethke 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2007,18(5):391-400
Ciclesonide is an onsite-activated inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for the treatment of asthma. This study compared the efficacy, safety and effect on quality of life (QOL) of ciclesonide 160 microg (ex-actuator; nominal dose 200 microg) vs. budesonide 400 microg (nominal dose) in children with asthma. Six hundred and twenty-one children (aged 6-11 yr) with asthma were randomized to receive ciclesonide 160 microg (ex-actuator) once daily (via hydrofluoroalkane metered-dose inhaler and AeroChamber Plus spacer) or budesonide 400 microg once daily (via Turbohaler) both given in the evening for 12 wk. The primary efficacy end-point was change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Additional measurements included change in daily peak expiratory flow (PEF), change in asthma symptom score sum, change in use of rescue medication, paediatric and caregiver asthma QOL questionnaire [PAQLQ(S) and PACQLQ, respectively] scores, change in body height assessed by stadiometry, change in 24-h urinary cortisol adjusted for creatinine and adverse events. Both ciclesonide and budesonide increased FEV1, morning PEF and PAQLQ(S) and PACQLQ scores, and improved asthma symptom score sums and the need for rescue medication after 12 wk vs. baseline. The non-inferiority of ciclesonide vs. budesonide was demonstrated for the change in FEV1 (95% confidence interval: -75, 10 ml, p = 0.0009, one-sided non-inferiority, per-protocol). In addition, ciclesonide and budesonide showed similar efficacy in improving asthma symptoms, morning PEF, use of rescue medication and QOL. Ciclesonide was superior to budesonide with regard to increases in body height (p = 0.003, two-sided). The effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis was significantly different in favor of ciclesonide treatment (p < 0.001, one-sided). Both ciclesonide and budesonide were well tolerated. Ciclesonide 160 microg once daily and budesonide 400 microg once daily were effective in children with asthma. In addition, in children treated with ciclesonide there was significantly less reduction in body height and suppression of 24-h urinary cortisol excretion compared with children treated with budesonide after 12 wk. 相似文献
5.
肝素钠软膏(海普林)治疗皮质类固醇激素依赖性皮炎疗效观察 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的观察肝素钠软膏(海普林)治疗皮质类固醇激素依赖性皮炎的效果。方法随机抽取部分病例组成对照组,其余病例组成治疗组,分别使用单纯乳剂和肝素钠软膏外涂,配合相关内服药物治疗,比较治疗组和对照组疗效。结果对照组治疗有效率为24.81%,治疗组治疗有效率为52.24%,两组结果差异有非常显著性。结论应用肝素钠软膏外用治疗皮质类固醇激素依赖性皮炎取得了满意的疗效。 相似文献
6.
C. J. Corrigan R. J. Shiner† B. H. Shakur† P. W. Ind† 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2005,35(5):579-584
BACKGROUND: Concomitant methotrexate (MTX) therapy of oral corticosteroid (CS)-dependent asthmatics has been shown to spare CS therapy, but the mechanism is unknown. In a previous report, we showed that MTX increases T cell inhibition by CS. In this report we focus on effects of MTX on immunoglobulin concentrations and their possible clinical relevance. OBJECTIVE: To monitor changes in circulating leucocytes and Ig in a group of these patients during MTX therapy, and to relate these changes to clinical 'response' as defined by oral CS reduction. METHODS: Sixteen severe asthmatics dependent on oral prednisolone 15 (7.5-25) mg/day in addition to high dose inhaled CS were treated with MTX 15 mg intramuscularly, weekly for 28 weeks. Prednisolone dosages were maintained constant for 12 weeks then reduced systematically over the next 16 weeks provided that asthma control did not deteriorate. Patients were classified a priori as 'responders' or 'non-responders' to MTX (reduction of initial oral prednisolone requirement by >or=50% or <50%, respectively). Patients were followed-up for a further 12 weeks after MTX withdrawal. Serum Ig and differential blood leucocyte counts were measured at baseline, 12, 28 and 40 weeks. RESULTS: MTX therapy allowed significant, but individually variable, reductions in oral prednisolone dosages (P<0.00001) without alteration of lung function or symptoms. This was associated with significant reductions in mean serum concentrations of Ig of all classes, which reversed following MTX withdrawal. Reductions in IgE and IgG were significantly greater in the MTX 'responders' as compared with 'non-responders', and changes in IgE, IgG and IgM correlated with changes in prednisolone requirements. Differential blood leucocyte counts showed no significant variation. CONCLUSION: MTX therapy reduced oral CS requirements in these severe asthmatics to a degree which correlated with reduced circulating Ig but not lymphopaenia, suggesting a possible cause and effect relationship. These reductions might also contribute to the documented incidence of opportunistic infection in these circumstances. 相似文献
7.
Peter MA Calverley Romain A Pauwels Paul W Jones Julie A Anderson J?rgen Vestbo 《INT J CHRONIC OBSTR》2006,1(3):209-218
Guidelines recommend that patients with COPD are stratified arbitrarily by baseline severity (FEV1) to decide when to initiate combination treatment with a long-acting β2-agonist and an inhaled corticosteroid. Assessment of baseline FEV1 as a continuous variable may provide a more reliable prediction of treatment effects. Patients from a 1-year, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial comparing 50 μg salmeterol (Sal), 500 μg fluticasone propionate (FP), the combination (Sal/FP) and placebo, (bid), were categorized post hoc into FEV1 <50% and FEV1 ≥50% predicted subgroups (n=949/513 respectively). Treatment effects on clinical outcomes – lung function, exacerbations, health status, diary card symptoms, and adverse events – were investigated. Treatment responses based on a pre-specified analysis explored treatment differences by severity as a continuous variable. Lung function improved with active treatment irrespective of FEV1; Sal/FP had greatest effect. This improvement appeared additive in milder disease; synergistic in severe disease. Active therapy significantly reduced exacerbation rate in patients with FEV1 <50% predicted, not in milder disease. Health status and breathlessness improved with Sal/FP irrespective of baseline FEV1; adverse events were similar across subgroups. The spirometric response to Sal/FP varied with baseline FEV1, and clinical benefits were not restricted to patients with severe disease. These data have implications for COPD management decisions, suggesting that arbitrary stratifications of baseline severity are not necessarily indicative of treatment efficacy and that the benefits of assessing baseline severity as a continuous variable should be assessed in future trials. 相似文献
8.
The effectiveness of intranasal corticosteroids in combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma often coexist and may represent two manifestations of the same disease recently named combined AR and asthma syndrome (CARAS). Aim To review the common pathophysiology of combined AR and asthma and to investigate the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids (INCS). Methods Medline was used to identify articles relevant to mechanisms. A Cochrane systematic review was performed to assess the efficacy of INCS in CARAS. Results There is cross‐talk, evidence of a common inflammatory response in both sites, linked by a systemic component. The efficacy of anti‐inflammatory INCS on asthma outcomes was assessed in a systematic review of 12 randomized controlled trials involving 425 subjects. After INCS there were non‐significant trends for improvement in asthma symptom score (standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.61; P=0.07), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (SMD of 0.31; P=0.08), and morning peak expiratory flow (weighted mean difference of 36.51; P=0.06). There was no impact on methacholine airways responsiveness (SMD of ?0.20; P=0.4). The review identified two promising new treatment options in united airway disease such as INCS as monotherapy in rhinitis and mild asthma, and a combined intranasal and intrabronchial corticosteroid (IBCS) deposition technique. Conclusion Common mucosal inflammatory responses occur in CARAS. This systematic review shows trends for a benefit of INCS in CARAS, but recognizes that more research is needed. At this stage, the current best practice is to treat asthma conventionally with IBCS with or without β2‐agonist and to add INCS to improve specific rhinitis symptoms. 相似文献
9.
10.