军人胃肠道症状与心理健康水平的相关性研究

目的 探讨军人胃肠道症状与心理健康水平尤其是焦虑的关系,考察胃肠道症状作为初步筛选心理健康状况不佳人群指标的可靠性,为军队心理训练和防护提供依据.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、状态-特质焦虑量表(ST-AI)和自编一般情况调查表对1988名军人实施团体心理测验,比较其差异性.结果 本研究中军人SCL-90多数因子得分低于军队常模但高于地方常模(均P＜0.05).其中胃肠道症状组SCL-90各项因子得分为[(1.77±0.64)分、(1.84±0.64)分、(1.78±0.62)分、(1.69±0.64)分、(1.60±0.62)分、(1.74±0.68)分、(1.39±0.52)分、(1.60±0.62)分、(1.56±0.54)分], S-AI和T-AI得分为(45.92±7.33)分和(46.82±6.77)分.对照组SCL-90各项因子得分为[(1.34±0.37)分、(1.51±0.48)分、(1.47±0.48)分、(1.37±0.45)分、(1.31±0.39)分、(1.41±0.47)分、(1.20±0.31)分、(1.31±0.39)分、(1.30±0.35)分],S-AI和T-AI得分为(42.98±7.17)分和(42.20±6.41)分.胃肠道症状组所有分量表得分均高于对照组,均差异有显著性(均P＜0.01).以不同症状为自变量,S-AI、T-AI得分为因变量进行多因素方差分析,结果显示恶心、反酸对状态焦虑作用显著(均P＜0.01),恶心、呕吐、反酸对特质焦虑作用显著(分别为P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.01).结论 军人心理健康水平总体正常,但有胃肠道症状者心理健康状况明显较差,焦虑情绪显著.恶心、反酸等胃肠道症状可作为初筛焦虑人群的指标.     

手术后患者状态-焦虑影响因素与护理干预

目的探讨手术患者术后焦虑情绪发生情况及其影响因素,为心理干预提供依据。方法选择作者医院2010-09/2011-12月,心胸泌尿外科86例手术治疗患者,男73例、女13例;年龄41～94（62.4±4.4）岁。于术后第2天,采用状态-特质焦虑问卷（State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,STAI）和研究者设计的14项相关因素问卷,对患者进行测评,所得数据作多元回归分析,探讨患者术后状态-焦虑情绪与相关因素的关系,显著性水平α=0.05。结果手术患者术后状态-焦虑得分（52.89±13.00）,高于全国常模（t=7.85,P〈0.001）。逐步多元回归分析表明,正性情绪有3个因素进入回归方程,按作用大小依次为术后伤口疼痛、体位的舒适度、引流管刺激;负性情绪有2个因素被选入,即术后伤口疼痛、睡眠障碍。结论了解影响手术患者术后状态-焦虑情绪的相关因素,采取针对性的护理干预措施,调节和缓冲状态-焦虑情绪,使其达到最佳身心状态,促进临床治疗康复的进程,是护理工作的重要内容。     

国防生职业满意度、职业承诺与焦虑的调查

目的调查并探讨国防生职业满意度、职业焦虑和职业承诺的特点与关系。方法使用状态性焦虑量表（SAT）、明尼苏达职业满意度量表（M SQ）、职业承诺量表（CCQ）对北京师范大学在读182名国防生进行测量。结果①国防生职业承诺表现出规范承诺高于情感承诺,情感承诺高于代价承诺的特点（F=7.266,P〈0.001）;②国防生焦虑（F=12.411,P〈0.001）、职业满意度（F=9.737,P〈0.001）、情感承诺（F=12.680,P〈0.001）、规范承诺（F=9.159,P〈0.001）年级差异显著,且呈＂V＂字型变化;③国防生相关政策了解程度对职业满意度（F=8.100,P〈0.001）、情感承诺（F=11.771,P〈0.001）、规范承诺（F=8.998,P〈0.001）、焦虑（F=6.686,P〈0.001）有显著影响;④焦虑、职业满意度、情感承诺、规范承诺彼此显著相关。结论国防生职业相关心理变量与年级、政策了解承诺有关;焦虑水平、职业满意度、职业承诺高度相关。     

The trapezius muscle uniquely lacks adaptive process in response to a repeated moderate cognitive stressor

The aim of this study was to examine the adaptive process of muscular responses in healthy subjects over two repeated exposures to the same moderate cognitive stressor. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the flexor pollicis brevis, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, trapezius, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles was recorded in 35 males during video-recorded Stroop color-word interference tests. The results showed lower EMG activity in all muscles during the second exposure to the stressful task, but not in the trapezius muscle. These findings could help to the understanding of the role of stressful situations in the development of musculoskeletal disorders.     

Moderate state-anxiety differently modulates visual and auditory response times in normal- and very low trait-anxiety subjects

Because relationships between mood states, personality and motor performances remain ambiguous, we investigated in very low trait-anxiety (VLTA) and normal trait-anxiety (NTA) subjects, the effects of moderate state-anxiety, tension and fatigue induced by the video-recorded Stroop Color-Word Interference Test on reaction time and movement time in visual and auditory tasks. Our results show that visual response time performances were improved in NTA subjects, while auditory response time performances were improved in VLTA subjects. In both groups, improvement of performance occurred at the reaction time and movement time level. Our results show that allocation of attentional resources can be modulated by personality traits, such as trait-anxiety, and furthermore highlight personality and individual differences as regards to the human/environment interaction.     

多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者状态-特质焦虑调查

目的:调查PCOS不孕患者的状态-特质焦虑。方法:采用状态—特质焦虑问卷评估94名PCOS患者、93名其他不孕患者和94名妇产科普通病人。结果:三组被试的人口统计学资料基本类同,其状态焦虑分数分别是46.91±10.64分、45.47±10.37分、41.45±11.60分,特质焦虑分数是46.06±8.06分、45.23±7.96分、42.57±8.15分。PCOS不孕患者的状态焦虑和特质焦虑水平与其他不孕患者无显著差异,两组不孕患者的焦虑分数均显著高于妇产科普通病人。排除特质焦虑的影响后三组患者状态焦虑无显著差异。结论:PCOS不孕患者与其他不孕患者都具有较高水平特质焦虑和状态焦虑,状态焦虑与焦虑特质有关。     

Trait-anxiety dependence of movement time performance in a bimodal choice task in subjects exposed to moderate anxiogenic conditions

Recent studies have provided insight into the interdependence between state-anxiety, trait-anxiety and motor performances. In the present study, we investigated in very low trait-anxiety (VLTA) and normal trait-anxiety (NTA) subjects, the effects of moderate state-anxiety induced by the video-recorded Stroop color word interference test, on reaction time and movement time in bimodal choice response time task providing either visual or auditory modality. We found that in anxiogenic condition, movement time performances were improved in visual modality in NTA subjects, and in auditory modality in VLTA subjects. Our results show that depending on their trait-anxiety level, individuals exposed to anxiogenic condition would allocate attentional resources towards a specific relevant modality. Such attentional resources would influence movement time, but not reaction time.