Molecular detection of Orientia tsutsugamushi strains circulating in Nagaland

The antigenic heterogeneity of Orientia in India is still unknown in many disease endemic areas. The present study aims to characterize the strains of O. tsutsugamushi circulating in Nagaland, Northeast India. Two patients clinically diagnosed with ST and hospitalized in Mon district hospital, Nagaland were identified from whom eschar tissues were collected. Both patients demonstrated antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi along with positive PCR amplification for 56 ?kDa gene. The prototype strain TA763 shared 90.4% homology with the sequences. Both the sequences formed a distinctive cluster demonstrating 100% similarity with strains identified from Thailand, Vietnam, China and southern parts of India.     

55例恙虫病临床分析

55例恙虫病均有野外作业史,均有发热、头疼和充血性斑丘疹,90％以上的患者有酒醉貌、球结合膜充血、皮肤潮红、淋巴结肿大和脾肿大。变形杆菌OX_k凝集反应第1周阳性率45％,第2周阳性率70％。就恙虫病的诊断、治疗中的有关问题进行了讨论。     

196份恙虫病患者血清IgM抗体分析

采用斑点酶标染色技术对临床疑似恙虫病患者196份血清进行了IgM抗体的检测并作了初步统计分析。总检出率为92.3%；病后3天内检出率为50%，抗体滴度几何平均值（GMT）为226；4-7天检出率为83%，GMT为320；第4周抗体滴度达峰值，GMT为1585，检出率为100%，同时在4周内棋 GMT与发病时间呈正相关。提示应用本法进行IgM抗体的检测对恙虫病的早期诊断和流行病学调查有着重要意义。     

海岛纤恙螨经卵传递恙虫病立克次体的研究

1985年8月～1986年11月,作者以我国发现的恙螨新种海岛纤恙螨子代幼虫656只,分为21组,叮咬健康小鼠,从子1代到子4代幼虫叮咬过的小鼠中,连续分离出7株恙虫病立克次体,证明海岛纤恙螨能够经卵传递恙虫病立克次体至少4代.同时在该螨的卵、幼虫、若虫、成虫组织细胞内发现有恙虫病立克次体寄生,并发现有分裂增殖形态的立克次体,证明海岛纤恙螨各变态期内均保有恙虫病立克次体,这些立克次体能在恙螨体内大量增殖,连续传代.此项研究结果,对于确认海岛纤恙螨为浙江沿海地区恙虫病的传染媒介和宿主,提供了重要的科学依据.     

山东省东南地区142例恙虫病病例分析

本文对１４２例恙虫病进行了分析。发现山东省东南地区的恙虫病患者在临床上具备焦痂、发热、皮疹和淋巴结肿大等四个特征；但临床表现比较轻缓，可能与该地区恙虫病立克次体的毒力较弱有关。治疗以四环素、氯霉素为主，疗效明显。     

Murine Typhus in Canary Islands,Spain, 1999–2015

To document the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of murine typhus patients in the Canary Islands (Spain), we analyzed data that were retrospectively collected for 16 years for 221 patients. Murine typhus in the Canary Islands is characterized by a high rate of complications (31.6%), mainly liver, lung, kidney or central nervous system involvement.     

32例恙虫病患者肾损害临床分析

目的：探讨恙虫病肾损害的临床特点。方法：从收治的１２８例恙虫病中选取有肾损害的３２例进行临床分析。结果：本组病例除具有恙虫病特征性的临床表现外,均有浮肿、尿少、尿蛋白、尿中红细胞,血压升高,ＵＮ及Ｃｒ升高等肾损害表现,发生率为４０％,使用特效抗菌药物及保肾治疗后,疗效满意。结论：加强对恙虫病肾损害的认识,可减少误诊误治。     

Serosurvey of wild rodents for Rickettsioses (spotted fever, murine typhus and Q fever) in Java Island, Indonesia

The prevalence of antibodies against spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR), murine typhus and Q fever were investigated in wild rats captured in Indonesia. Sera of 327 rats were collected from Jakarta and Boyolali on Java Island. The prevalences of antibodies against SFGR and murine typhus were 128 (39.1%) and 48 (14.7%), respectively. Antibodies against Q fever were not detected in these serum samples. Antibodies against SFGR were found in all species of rats (20.8–51.9%). The antibody positive rate against murine typhus in Rattus norvegicus (38.0%) was significantly higher than that in other rat species (0–4.8%, p < 0.01). The antibody positive rates against SFGR and murine typhus in rats captured in Jakarta were significantly higher than those in rats captured in Boyolali (p < 0.01). In this survey, all species of rats had antibodies against SFGR, indicating that the 4 species of tested rats (R. norvegicus, R. rattus, R. exulans, R. tiomanicus) were infected with SFGR and that SFGR may infest the whole of Java Island. Most of the rats that were antibody-positive against murine typhus were captured in Jakarta. Therefore, R. norvegicus and R. rattus are likely to be important hosts of murine typhus in Jakarta. The antibody-positive rates against SFGR and murine typhus in rats captured in the dry season were significantly higher than those in rats captured in the rainy season. This may coincide with the active periods of ticks and fleas in Indonesia.     

恙虫病63例临床分析

目的 为了进一步了解恙虫病的临床特点。方法 对63例恙虫病的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 所有病例均有持续较长时间的发热并伴不同程度的毒血症，出现焦痂溃疡60例(95％)，淋巴结肿大40例(63％)，皮疹32例(51％)，两个以上脏器损害48例(76％)，多器官功能衰竭7例(11％)；白细胞计数正常或偏低者占70％。及时使用特效抗生素治疗有良效。结论 著虫病的临床表现多样化，早期诊断和及时治疗对预后十分重要。     

恙虫病并发中毒性肝炎40例临床分析

目的探讨恙虫病并发中毒性肝炎的临床特点。方法按诊断标准选择病例进行临床分析。结果本组除了具有恙虫病特征性的临床表现外，同时出现黄疸占25％(总胆红素平均164μmol/L)，出血点和瘀斑占15％，肝大占76％，脾大占63％。ALT和AST升高，平均分别为295U/L和240U/L。使用特效抗茵药物和护肝退黄治疗有良效。结论恙虫病并发中毒性肝炎较常见，少数可出现严重的肝功能损害。