小针刀对移植于裸鼠的人皮肤增生性瘢痕组织中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的影响

目的探讨小针刀对移植于裸鼠皮下人增生性瘢痕真皮组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的作用。方法将6例人无表皮的增生性瘢痕组织分别移植于24只裸鼠背部皮下,建立增生性瘢痕裸鼠动物模型。术后10天,分为对照组、0.1mg/ml曲安奈德组、0.2mg/ml曲安奈德组和小针刀组,每组6只,14天取材,利用免疫组织化学染色检测Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的变化。结果Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原分布于各组成纤维细胞的胞浆及组织中。图像分析结果,0.1mg/ml曲安奈德组和0.2mg/ml曲安奈德组Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量（0.09±0.03,0.11±0.05;0.12±0.02,0.11±0.01）低于对照组（0.17±0.04,0.19±0.03）（P〈0.05）;小针刀组Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量（0.12±0.02,0.12±0.02）与曲安奈德组差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论小针刀可降低移植于裸鼠皮下增生性瘢痕真皮组织中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的含量。     

Long-term follow-up of benign lesions treated by SolcoDerm: a deleterious cosmetic effect

During the past five years, 15 patients, aged between 17 years to 35 years of age (mean 26 years), presented for cosmetic improvement of scars which were induced by treatment with SolcoDerm, either in the childhood or in their early teens. It was an homogenic group of patients who were treated at least 10 years before the present examination. Two representative cases are presented, and the literature is reviewed.     

Ultrasound assessed thickness of burn scars in association with laser Doppler imaging determined depth of burns in paediatric patients

This study describes the ultrasound assessment of burn scars in paediatric patients and the association of these scar thickness with laser Doppler imaging (LDI) determined burn depth. A total of 60 ultrasound scar assessments were conducted on 33 scars from 21 paediatric burn patients at 3, 6 and 9 months after-burn. The mean of peak scar thickness was 0.39 ± 0.032 cm, with the thickest at 6 months (0.40 ± 0.036 cm). There were 17 scald burn scars (0.34 ± 0.045 cm), 4 contact burn scars (0.61 ± 0.092 cm), and 10 flame burn scars (0.42 ± 0.058 cm). Each group of scars followed normal distributions. Twenty-three scars had original burns successfully scanned by LDI and various depths of burns were presented by different colours according to blood perfusion units (PU), with dark blue <125, light blue 125–250, and green 250–440 PU. The thickness of these scars was significantly different between the predominant colours of burns, with the thinnest scars for green coloured burns and the thickest for dark blue coloured burns. Within light blue burns, grafted burns healed with significantly thinner scars than non-grafted burns. This study indicates that LDI can be used for predicting the risk of hypertrophic scarring and for guiding burn care. To our knowledge, this is the first study to correlate the thickness of burns scars by ultrasound scan with burn depth determined by LDI.     

Preliminary results of the use of carboxytherapy in the treatment of pathologic scars: A minimally invasive alternative

BackgroundCarboxytherapy involves injecting carbon dioxide in the dermal and subcutaneous layers to achieve an increase in the local microvascularization of the tissue where it is applied. Our aim is to analyze its effectiveness in the treatment of pathological scars, as well as its adverse effects.MethodsWe conducted a prospective single-center study in patients under 18 years of age with atrophic and hypertrophic scars caused by surgical interventions or trauma, mainly burns. Each patient underwent two sessions, 6 weeks apart in time. Scar quality was evaluated using the Vancouver Scar Scale before the first session and 6 weeks after the second session. Adverse effects observed during the procedure and at follow-up in outpatient clinic were collected.ResultsA total of 16 patients were included (5 males; 11 females), with a median age of 12.7 years (interquartile range 8.5–15.2), in whom 25 pathologic scars were treated (14 atrophic and 11 hypertrophic). All sessions were performed under sedation, and patients were discharged the same day, without the need for hospitalization. Regarding scar quality, an improvement was observed in the median Vancouver scale score at 6 weeks after the second session (7 points) compared to the initial median score (12 points), this difference being statistically significant (p = 0.031). No serious adverse effects were observed during the procedure or during subsequent follow-up, with a median follow-up of 14 weeks.ConclusionsCarboxytherapy is an effective and safe minimally invasive therapy for pathologic scars, achieving a significant improvement in scar quality, with almost no contraindications.Level of evidenceLevel IV.Type of studyProspective Single-Center Case Series.     

Utilidad del maquillaje terapéutico en niños con vitíligo en un taller coordinado por Enfermería de dermatología

There are certain skin disorders such as vitiligo, acne, vascular malformations and postoperative scars that can affect the quality of life of children and especially adolescents. It can become an obstacle to their psychosocial development.A review was conducted on 4 patients with vitiligo located on face, who took part in a camouflage treatment course from January to December 2012. The impact of the skin disorder on quality of life was assessed before and after the therapeutic make-up sessions.Corrective makeup can be a complementary, reproducible, cost-effective, non-invasive, and useful technique in the management of dermatological diseases that have a physical and emotional impact in childhood.     

How to assess postsurgical scars: A review of outcome measures

Abstract

Purpose. Complications of surgical incision include pathological scars with functional, cosmetic or psychological consequences. Postsurgical scar assessment is fundamental for a complete functional evaluation and as an outcome measure. Scar assessment scales are here reviewed and discussed from a clinical and psychometric point of view, with a clear definition of different scar parameters.

Method. An extensive review of the English-language literature was conducted using the Medline database.

Results. Four scales that satisfy psychometrical criteria were identified: Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), Manchester Scar Scale (MSS) and Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES). Conclusions. To date, VSS is the most widely used rating scale for scars but POSAS appears the most comprehensive, taking into account the important aspect of patient’s perspective. The MSS has been never used for research, while SBSES has only been very recently proposed.     

Tratamiento láser de cicatrices por quemaduras

Burn scars cause high morbidity in the form of contractures, body disfigurement, and itching, and they also have a high emotional impact that adversely affects patient quality of life. Laser therapy has proven effective in this setting. It is superior to topical treatments and can be used in conjunction with surgery, helping to reduce morbidity. The use of lasers in hospital dermatology departments, however, is still limited. Carbon dioxide laser resurfacing is the most widely used modality for reducing scar thickness, improving textural abnormalities, and treating contractures. Treatments improve mobility for patients with constrictions. Pulsed dye laser treatments are particularly useful for reducing erythema in recent burn scars and preventing subsequent hypertrophy. Pigment laser treatments with short pulse durations (nanoseconds or picoseconds) can improve hyperpigmentation. In this article, we review the evidence for the use of laser therapy for burn scars and propose a treatment algorithm.     

5例乳腺放射状瘢痕患者的影像学表现

目的研究乳腺放射状瘢痕患者的影像学表现,以减少乳腺放射状瘢痕的误诊率和及早发现乳腺放射状瘢痕患者。方法采用病理活检和免疫组化方法来确诊5例乳腺放射状瘢痕患者,并分析乳腺放射状瘢痕的病理学表现,以研究其X线和MRI影像学表现。结果乳腺放射状瘢痕病灶呈放射状,弹力纤维变性,乳腺导管小而不规则,伴有不同程度的增生。免疫组化表明calponin分布细胞膜,腺体周围有腺上皮细胞。5例乳腺放射状瘢痕患者X线显示,癌灶周围可有钙化灶或小结节,结节周围有毛刺影。MRI中,呈类圆形结节,边缘模糊,呈等T1长T2信号,增强扫描结节呈不均匀强化。结论乳腺放射状瘢痕缺乏特异性影像学表现,但结合多种影像学改变有助于早期发现病灶。