经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后近期行永久起搏器治疗的安全性探讨

为探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)术后 7天～ 2个月内行起搏器安置术的可行性 ,选择 2 3例冠心病行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA) +支架术后近期需行永久起搏器治疗的患者作为观察组 ,按距PCI术后时间长短、停用和不停用抗血小板药分成三个亚组 ,另选同期行单纯起搏器置入的患者 132例作为对照组 ,观察伤口渗血情况及短时间内停药对再狭窄影响。结果 :术前未停用抗血小板药术中、术后渗血严重 ,皮囊内血肿发生率 10 0 % ,术前停药的两组血肿发生率亦高 ,分别为 2 5 %和 9% ,总发生率 30 .4 % ,远高于对照组 5 .2 % (P <0 .0 1)。观察本组短时间停用抗血小板药无相关血管事件 ,再狭窄发生率 2 6 %。结论 :起搏器手术尽量推迟至PCI术后 1个月 ,至少 2周以上 ,术前停用抗血小板药 3～ 5天 ,笔者认为是安全的。     

Electrochemotherapy and heart function: Treatment in a patient with implantable cardioverter defibrillator/pace-maker

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a recently described therapy that relies on the permeation of cancer cell membranes by electrical pulses to enhance cytotoxic drug penetration. It has been successfully used in the treatment of primary and metastatic skin cancer. Systemic chemotherapy is the most commonly used therapeutic strategy, and the prevailing orientation calls for the administration of the maximum tolerated dose; however, considerable limitations exist including toxicities to healthy tissues and low achievable drug concentrations at tumor sites. We reported a case of an 83-years-old patient with a laterocervical metastasis of a squamous epidermoidal lip cancer. The patient had a complex medical history and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)/pace-maker. The lesion was localized in the supraclavicular right side with a distance from the pace-maker/ICD about 5 cm, but the nodule was not deeply located. The ECT was performed under general anesthesia and particular attention we put on the interference with the functioning of the heart. The synchronization algorithm currently implemented in Clinoporator Vitae device coupled with the external triggering device AccuSync proved to be effective in preventing external stimulation of the heart during the so-called vulnerable period of the ventricles. As a result all electroporation pulses in our study were delivered outside the vulnerable period and no heart arrhythmias or any other pathological morphological changes were observed. The safety of treatment was demonstrated also by absence of side effects during and after ECT.     

QRS width does not reflect ventricular dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure

The purpose of this study was to evaluate QRS width as an indication for cardiac resynchronization therapy. This study group consisted of 64 heart failure patients (51 men, age average 60.5 ± 15.5 years) with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 35%. Patients were divided into two groups according to their QRS width; the wide QRS group (QRS width greater than or equal to 120 ms, 31 patients) and the narrow QRS group (QRS width less than 120 ms, 33 patients). The ventricular dyssynchrony (VD), i.e., the inter- and intraventricular dyssynchrony, of the two groups was compared. The correlation between QRS width and VD was evaluated in all patients. There were no significant differences between the wide and the narrow QRS groups concerning interventricular dyssynchrony [28.4 ± 26.1 ms vs. 25.3 ± 18.2 ms, not significant (NS)] or intraventricular dyssynchrony (99.0 ± 43.8 ms vs. 109.0 ± 56.6 ms, NS). Nor were there any differences in the LVEF (26.6 ± 6.6% vs. 28.2 ± 5.1%, NS), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) (567.0 ± 319.0 pg/ml vs. 390.0 ± 375.8 pg/ml, NS), and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (2.4 ± 0.8 vs. 2.0 ± 1.0, NS). QRS width did not correlate with interventricular (r = 0.026, NS) or intraventricular dyssynchrony (r = 0.052, NS). There were no differences in VD between the two groups based on differences in QRS width. There was also no correlation between QRS width and VD. It is suggested that QRS width is not an absolute indication for cardiac resynchronization therapy.     

La radiothérapie en conditions stéréotaxiques des métastases cérébrales en situation complexe

Stereotactic radiation therapy of brain metastases is a treatment recognized as effective, well tolerated, applicable for therapeutic indications codified and validated by national and international guidelines. However, the effectiveness of this irradiation, the evolution of patient care and the technical improvements enabling its implementation make it possible to consider it in more complex situations: proximity of brain metastases to organs at risk; large, cystic, haemorrhagic or multiple brain metastases, combination with targeted therapies and immunotherapy, stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with a pacemaker. This article aims to put forward the arguments available to date in the literature and those resulting from clinical practice to provide decision support for the radiation oncologists.