慕课在医学生假期课前预习中的应用探讨

高校医学生会利用假期时间对将要学习的科目进行预习,力求提前了解或掌握,以利于日后对知识的充分理解。预习对于医学科目学习有一定必要性,然而传统的假期预习模式常存在缺乏引导、效率难以提升等问题。目前,慕课在医学教育领域的应用有所发展。对于医学生,其自主学习的模式、课程设计等契合医学课程的预习需求和假期学习的特点,有助于提升医学生的学习能力和假期预习效果。医学生将慕课作为假期预习资源可有多种学习模式选择。慕课平台的功能拓展和学校教师的辅助可以有效深入慕课在医学生假期预习中的应用,为医学生带来更合理的假期学习安排。     

Rates of alcohol consumption and risk status among Australian university students vary by assessment questions

Introduction and Aims. Different self‐report methods tend to produce different estimates of alcohol consumption. The present study compares differences in rates and risk levels based on responses to a modified version of the Daily Drinking Questionnaire (m‐DDQ) and quantity‐frequency (QF) questions. Design and Methods. The sample comprised 2082 university students, 61% of whom were female and 39% male with a mean age of 23.5 years. An email containing an online link to a brief six‐question survey was emailed to students enrolled in participating faculties at the University of Wollongong, Australia. Current drinkers completed m‐DDQ and QF questions about alcohol consumption. Results. QF methods identified significantly lower estimates of consumption (Mean = 9.15, SD = 12.51) compared with m‐DDQ (Mean = 13.06, SD = 14.07). Allocation to risk categories based on the Australian Alcohol Guidelines were conducted for both the m‐DDQ and QF methods. Almost twice as many students were found to be drinking at levels considered risky using the m‐DDQ method compared with QF. In addition, the relative rank order of participants varied significantly between the two methods. Discussion and Conclusions. The m‐DDQ method identified higher rates of drinking and categorised almost twice as many individuals into risky categories of drinking compared with QF. Such variations have major implications for identification of risk groups in health promotion or prevention programs.[Utpala‐Kumar R, Deane FP. Rates of alcohol consumption and risk status among Australian university students vary by assessment questions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009]     

精神病人与正常人戒烟前后焦虑抑郁症状的对照研究

目的　了解精神病人和正常人戒烟前后精神状况的变化及差异性 ,探讨戒烟措施。方法　对 71例精神病人和 5 0例正常人戒烟前及戒烟后 1周分别应用汉密顿焦虑量表 (HAMA)、汉密顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)、焦虑自评量表 (SAS)、抑郁自评量表 (SDS)、简明精神病量表 (BPRS )进行测评。结果　精神病人强制性戒烟前HAMA、HAMD、SAS、SDS、BPRS分值分别为 (8.2 1± 6 .4 1)、(7.6 4± 5 .71)、(36 .81± 7.14 )、(33.71± 7.1)、(2 9.4 5± 8.4 7) ;戒烟后HAMA、HAMD、SAS、SDS、BPRS分值分别为 (16 .4 5± 6 .34)、(19.73± 8.71)、(5 8.1± 12 .12 )、(5 6 .31± 11.4 )、(37.32± 7.95 ) ;戒烟前后 5种量表分值变化与正常人戒烟前后分值变化比较有极显著性差异(P <0 .0 1)。结论　对精神病人强制性戒烟可引起明显的情绪反应 ,应适宜控制病人吸烟 ,建立一个合理的管理制度     

青岛市某高校学生精神药物使用情况调查

本文采用个人自填问卷方式，对青岛市某高校三年级和五年级学生使用包括酒类、香烟在内的精神药物的情况进行调查。结果表明大学生对酒、香烟等精神药物的使用较为普遍。其中烟、酒的使用率随着年级的增长而提高，五年级学生饮酒、抽烟率明显高于三年级学生（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示大学生中酒、香烟等精神药物的使用问题是值得注意的。     

Renal vascular resistance in normal children – a color Doppler study

To investigate the relationship between age and renal vascular resistance and to establish nomative data of the systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D ratio), pulsatility index (PI), and resistant index (RI) of the renal artery in the normal pediatric population, we studied 252 normal children aged newborn to 13 years (a total of 449 kidneys) with a color Doppler unit. After the normality of the kidney was established, color flow mapping was performed to localize the segmental portion of the renal artery. Flow velocity waveforms were then obtained by pulsed Doppler, and S/D ratio, PI, and RI were calculated. Multiple regression analysis confirmed the age dependence of the S/D ratio, PI, and RI of the renal artery in normal children. Renal vascular resistance continuously declines after birth and stabilizes at the age of 102 – 130 months. Normative data for S/D ratio, PI, and RI of the renal artery in normal children were established for each age group. Since renal vascular resistance decreases with age and stabilizes at 8 – 10 years, we suggest using different normal ranges for each age group when studying renal vascular resistance in pediatric patients. Received October 5, 1995; received in revised form and accepted April 24, 1996     

医学高校继续医学教育思路与措施

对高等医学院校开展继续医学教育的指导思想和工作的思路进行阐述；提出了开展继续医学教育的有效措施：大力宣传继续医学教育，树立终身教育观念；建立健全组织机构，明确工作职责；完善继续医学教育规章制度，建立有效的运行机制；注重继续医学教育项目举办和基地建设，实行目标管理；规范管理继续医学教育项目，严格掌握证书的发放。     

实验小鼠肠道正常菌群

在动物肠道中栖息的细菌，构成了肠道正常菌群。实验动物的质量与肠道菌群的状态有着十分密切的联系，肠道菌群平衡状态在维持动物机体的生理状态、正常功能，以及抵抗外袭菌方面起着重要的作用。小鼠肠道中，每克肠内容物含有上亿个菌体，可分为10～15个属，上百个种。肠道正常菌群的主要菌属有双歧杆菌、拟杆菌(类杆菌)、肠球菌、乳杆菌、梭杆菌、真杆菌。不同品系的小鼠之间，各种菌的数量有所不同。本文简要介绍了近年来对小鼠肠道正常菌群的研究进展。     

正常成人脑海马区多潜能神经前体细胞的体外分离鉴定

目的 从正常成人脑海马分离鉴定多潜能神经前体细胞并探讨体外培养条件.方法 材料取自8例非神经系统疾病的死亡者.分离正常成人脑海马细胞,在培养基中添加生长因子体外培养.通过细胞培养成球和BrdU染色鉴定培养细胞的增殖能力.利用免疫细胞化学三标染色来鉴定分化神经细胞的表型.结果 从正常人海马分离的细胞培养2周时,开始增殖成簇,致一个月时,形成细胞球,这些细胞能与BrdU结合,并能在体外分化成神经系统不同谱系的细胞.结论 与在啮齿类动物和猴的研究中结果一致,从正常成人脑海马区分离的细胞是多潜能神经前体细胞.     

信息时代高校图书馆信息服务的拓展

论述了信息时代高校图书馆信息服务的优势、模式、特点，探讨了高校图书馆拓展信息服务的策略。     

历史传承与现代追寻——论医学院校校园文化的生成与构建

本文从校园文化的内涵与外延入手，就如何构建医学院校校园文化进行了探索。