Consecutive-night reliability of portable nocturnal penile tumescence monitor

Consecutive-night reliability of nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) was determined in 77 patients, including 47 normal controls (NC), 16 patients with end stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis (ESRD), and 14 patients with chronic illnesses but normal renal functioning (CI). A portable NPT monitor was used in a clinical research ward setting. Since there is not yet widespread agreement as to the clinically most relevant NPT response criteria, three were examined: the proportion of sleep time during which an erection of a given penile circumference change was maintained, the maximum penile circumference change obtained, and the number of erections per night of a given penile circumference change. For all three response criteria in each of the three populations the consecutive-night correlation of results was statistically significant, suggesting that portable NPT has consecutive-night reliability.This work was supported in part by contract #N01 AM 7-2225 from the Chronic Uremia Program of the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolic and Digestive Diseases, grant GCRC RR-43 from the General Clinical Research Centers Program of the Division of Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, and grant #5 T01 10588 from the Psychiatry Education Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health.     

非穿透性小梁切除聯合透明質酸鈉生物膠植入術療效觀察

目的探討非穿透性小梁切除聯合透明質酸鈉生物膠植入術的臨床療效.方法對30例開角型青光眼行NPT,術後進行裂隙燈觀察眼内變化、測量眼壓、房角鏡檢查以及視力視野復查.結果眼壓術後第一天平均眼壓低于10mmHg;術後第一周8～11 mmHg;術後一個月平均眼壓14.2±2.8 mmHg;術後三個月平均眼壓14.6±1.4 mmHg;術後一年平均眼壓15.0±1.1mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133KPa).視力視野術後一個月後視力較術前無變化或提高,視野平均擴大5～10度.房角鏡可見小梁網後有一减壓房存在.術後并發癥少.結論 NPT,是一種對開角型青光眼理想的手術術式,術後療效礎切.     

Examination and treatment of sleep-related painful erections—a case report

The case of a patient with sleep-related painful erections is described. Insomnia and a slight depressive syndrome occurred along with a long history of this disorder. No physical abnormality was found. At a baseline recording of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) and nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT), a disturbed sleep pattern and impaired NPT were recorded. Attempts to treat the disorder with diazepam, amitriptyline, trimipramine, and biperidene did not prompt a stable improvement of the disorder, but a dosage of 25 mg clozapine was sufficient to achieve normalized sleep architecture, remission of the depressive symptomatology, and normalization of NPT. It is likely that marked sedation is the mode of action of clozapine.     

Orthogonal array design for optimizing extraction efficiency of active constituents from Jakyak-Gamcho Decoction, the complex formula of herbal medicines, Paeoniae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix

A complex formula composed of Paeonia lactiflora PALL. and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., which is called as Jakyak-Gamcho Decoction (JGD), has been used for a pain-relieving function and muscle spasms due to blood deficiency in the traditional medicine. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of JGD was evaluated based on the quantitative determinations and the relative proportions of six major constituents in the decoction mixture extracted by orthogonal array methods. Our results suggest that the three parameters are all crucial factors. The optimized conditions for extraction were therefore established [solvent (water); pH value (4); extraction number (4)]. We also optimized the extraction conditions related to anti-inflammatory activity [solvent (70% EtOH); pH value (6); extraction number (4)]. So, we found that the bioactivity was responsible for mixed components but not individual one. It was proportionally associated with the amounts of some components in the extracts of herbal medicines. When the proportion of the active components was similar to each other, they had the similar functions. Furthermore, the results could establish a model system for the quality assurance of herbal preparations, and provided a new paradigm of active components-pharmacodynamics, which is used for illustrating the connections between the bioactivities and the proportion of active constituents in the extracts of herbal medicines.     

夜间阴茎勃起试验检测80例阴茎勃起功能障碍的临床分析及意义

目的提高对心理性ED和器质性ED的鉴别诊断水平,并分析其发病率与年龄的相关性。方法将夜间勃起监测仪的Holter固定于大腿根部,传感器袖带缠绕阴茎根部,连续测2～3个晚上。结果80例门诊ED患者中心理性ED53例,占66.25%,器质性ED27例,占33.75%。结论随着年龄的增长,心理性ED患病率明显降低,而器质性ED相对于同龄组心理性ED有上升趋势;从就诊年龄的构成比来看,青年人就诊率明显高于老年人;利用夜间阴茎勃起试验NPT监测仪检测,能够准确诊断出是心理性ED还是器质性ED,为进一步检查或治疗提供了重要依据。     

非穿透性小梁手术治疗开角型青光眼的临床研究

目的 :观察非穿透性小梁手术 (Nonperforatingtrabecularsurgery ,NPTS)治疗原发性开角型青光眼 (Primaryopen angleglauco ma ,POAG)的临床疗效。方法 :对 15例 ( 2 3眼 )POAG患者施行NPTS。术后观察视力、眼压、滤过泡形态、手术并发症等 ,并做前房角镜检查。术后随访 6～ 12个月 ,平均 7 8个月。结果 :NPTS术后视力 95 6%维持不变或提高 ,眼压由术前平均 3 7 62± 10 67mmHg降至术后半年平均 14 12± 6 0 0mmHg ,差异有显著性 (t =11 972 ,P <0 0 0 1)。最近一次随访眼压≤ 2 1mmHg者 2 0眼 ( 86 0 % ) ,其中 16眼形成弥散性滤过泡。术中微穿孔 5眼、虹膜嵌顿 3眼 ,术后前房少量积血 4眼 ,无其他并发症发生。前房角镜检查 ,术区小梁膜菲薄隐见透明间腔 19眼 ,4眼小梁膜菲薄区不明显。结论 :NPTS能有效降低眼压 ,手术并发症少且轻微 ,术后视力稳定 ,值得临床应用推广。     

Differential diagnosis of impotence in diabetics: The validity of sexual symptomatology

Sixty diabetic males complaining of impotence were administered a structured interview and completed nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) monitoring to categorize their impotence as either organic, psychogenic, or undetermined. A summary score of seven sexual symptoms was found to be effective in differentiating organic from psychogenic impotence. By relying upon these seven sexual symptoms as a screening test, 38% of male impotent diabetics can be spared the expense of NFT monitoring, since the outcome of such monitoring can be predicted from the summary score of these seven symptoms. The correlation between the seven sexual symptoms and the subjects' NPT monitoring results was 0.78, accounting for 61% of the variance. Therefore the seven sexual symptoms can be useful in predicting NPT monitoring results before the monitoring is completed. The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the seven sexual symptoms is discussed, as well as the cost efficiency of utilizing this screening device.     

国产低能冲击波设备治疗勃起功能障碍的多中心随机对照研究

目的评估国产线性低能冲击波设备(E100)治疗勃起功能障(ED)的安全性和有效性。方法本研究为一多中心、随机双盲对照研究。病史、国际勃起功能评分(IIEF-6)及夜间阴茎勃起监测确诊的ED患者,按照2︰1的顺序随机分为治疗组及对照组,接受低能冲击波治疗每周1次,共4周,能量0.09mJ/mm2;分4个部位,每部位冲击900次,共3600次,对照组在探头内置铁片阻挡冲击波输出,其余与治疗组完全相同。治疗结束后12周随访,内容包括IIEF-6及夜间阴茎勃起监测。结果治疗组40例中的35例,对照组20例中的16例完成治疗及随访。治疗组与对照组在基线年龄、身高、IIEF-6等均无显著差异;治疗组IIEF-6随访结果显著优于对照组(17.60±6.18 vs.14.00±6.13);治疗组有效率显著高于对照组(68.6%vs.12.5%)。两组均无副作用报告。结论国产低能冲击波设备(E100)治疗勃起功能障碍安全、有效。     

The aminoglycoside G418 suppresses muscarinic receptor-activated calcium release in stably transfected murine N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells

The aminoglycoside G418 inhibited the release of calcium (Ca²⁺) from internal stores coupled to muscarinic receptors in murine N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells carrying the aminoglycoside resistance gene neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT). No significant effect was observed on responses coupled to histamine or bradykinin receptors. Cells were transfected using the eukaryotic expression vector pHβAPr-1-neo and selected using G418. Two groups were differentiated either in the continued presence of G418 or in the absence of G418. Carbachol (1 mM), histamine (200 μM) and bradykinin (100 nM) were administered to cells for thirty seconds and changes in [Ca²⁺]_i were measured with fluorescence video microscopy of single cells loaded with the Ca²⁺ indicator fura-2. The effects of G418 on carbachol evoked Ca²⁺ release included a 73% reduction in the number of cells responding, a two fold increase in the time to reach half-maximal response, a 35% reduction of the peak [Ca²⁺]_i in response to agonist and an elevation of resting [Ca²⁺]_i from 99± 14 nM (mean ± S.E.M.) to 155 ± 27 nM. Acute application (20 min) of G418 to transfected cells differentiated without G418 also reduced the percentage of cells responding to carbachol. This effect was less pronounced in non-transfected parent cells. Thus, the mechanism might involve a metabolite of G418 produced in cells expressing NPT. These results indicate that G418 attenuates Ca²⁺ release coupled to muscarinic receptors.