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排序方式: 共有665条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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A rapid and sensitive method for measuring monooxygenase activities in hepatocytes cultured in 96-well plates 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Summary Measurement of biotransformation activities in cells is of great importance for drug metabolism and toxicologic studies. It is currently done by measuring the enzymatic activities in partially purified microsomes. In the present work we report on a rapid, easy, sensitive, and reproducible fluorimetric assay for quantifying cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase activities (P450IA1, P450IIB1) in hepatocytes cultured in 96-well plates. The procedure involves the direct determination of enzymatic activities in intact hepatocytes while avoiding cell homogenization, thereby permitting use of a the reduced number of cells and allowing cultured cells to be used in later experiments. Substrates (7-ethoxyresorufin, 7-pentoxyresorufin) are added to culture medium and metabolized by hepatocytes. After enzymatic deconjugation, the fluorescent resorufin present in culture medium is quantified by means of a microplate fluorimetric reader. Major advantages of this technique, as compared to other available methods, are: a) no cell disruption is required; b) activity can be measured with a very small number of cells; c) rapid processing time; and d) possibility of performing repeated assays with the same cell monolayer. 相似文献
3.
免疫吸附治疗在肾移植致敏受者中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨蛋白A免疫吸附(immunoads Orption,IA)治疗对清除肾移植致敏受者体内特异性抗HLA抗体的疗效和安全性。方法:10例肾移植致敏(PRA〉50%)受者用彤新蛋白A免疫吸附柱行IA治疗,测定治疗前后血免疫球蛋白及PRA水平。结果:10例患者IA治疗次数为4~15次(中位数9)。所有患者IA治疗后血清总IgG水平都明显下降(P〈0.001),IgA和IgM也较治疗前显著降低(P〈0.01)。PRA8例转阴,1例〈30%,1例仍为100%。结论:对于肾移植致敏受者,IA是一种特异性高、安全有效的治疗措施。 相似文献
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Meng-Ting Lin Ming-Yen Hsiao Yu-Kang Tu Tyng-Guey Wang 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(7):1383-1394.e6
Objective
To compare the efficacy of intra-articular (IA) steroid injection and distension in patients with frozen shoulder.Data Sources
Databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, were searched for studies published up to November 2016.Study Selection
We included all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental studies, and observational studies investigating the effectiveness of IA steroid injection, distension, and physiotherapy in patients with frozen shoulder. Sixteen RCTs and 1 observational study were enrolled in meta-analysis.Data Extraction
Full texts were independently reviewed, and quality of RCTs was assessed with The Cochrane Collaboration's tool. The primary outcome was functional improvement; the secondary outcomes included pain reduction and external rotation (ER) improvement.Data Synthesis
In pairwise meta-analysis, pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of functional improvement and pain reduction revealed equal efficacy at 3 follow-up time points. With respect to ER improvement, distension has a superior effect compared with IA steroid injection in the short term [(2–4wk; SMD, ?.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], ?.68 to ?.04) and medium term (6–16wk; SMD, ?0.80; 95% CI, ?1.32 to ?0.29). The network meta-analysis indicated a better efficacy for distension than for IA steroid injection in ER improvement only in the medium term (6–16wk; SMD, ?0.70; 95% CI, ?1.19 to ?0.21).Conclusions
IA steroid injection was as effective as distension in shoulder function improvement, pain reduction, and increasing ER of the shoulder. Distension yielded better ER improvement in the medium term but to a minor extent in the long term. For patients with predominant ER limitation, early distension could be considered the primary choice of treatment. 相似文献7.
Hui-Fen Mao Hsing-Po Huang Tung-Wu Lu Ting-Ming Wang Cheng-Hua Wu Jwu-Sheng Hu 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(10):1982-1990
Objective
To quantify the effects of initial hip angle and angular hip velocity settings of a lower-limb wearable robotic exoskeleton (WRE) on the balance control and mechanical energy requirements in patients with paraplegic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) during WRE-assisted sit-to-stand (STS).Design
Observational, cross-sectional study.Setting
A university hospital gait laboratory with an 8-camera motion analysis system, 3 forceplates, a pair of instrumented crutches, and a WRE.Participants
Patients (N=12) with paraplegic SCI.Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
The inclination angle (IA) of the body’s center of mass (COM) relative to the center of pressure (COP), and the rate of change of IA (RCIA) for balance control, and the mechanical energy and forward COM momentum before and after seat-off for energetics during WRE-assisted STS were compared between conditions with 2 initial hip angles (105° and 115°) and 3 initial hip angular velocities (800, 1000, 1200 rpm).Results
No interactions between the main factors (ie, initial hip angle vs angular velocity) were found for any of the calculated variables. Greater initial hip angle helped the patients with SCI move the body forward with increased COM momentum but reduced RCIA (P<.05). With increasing initial angular hip velocity, the IA and RCIA after seat-off (P<.05) increased linearly while total mechanical energy reduced linearly (P<.05).Conclusions
The current results suggest that a greater initial hip angle with smaller initial angular velocity may provide a favorable compromise between momentum transfer and balance of the body for people with SCI during WRE-assisted STS. The current data will be helpful for improving the design and clinical use of the WRE. 相似文献8.
Sangil Lee Karisa K. Harland Morgan Bobb Swanson Sara Lawson Elijah Dahlstrom Lance Clemson Elaine Himadi 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(11):1967-1974
Objectives
Among emergency department (ED) mental health and substance abuse (MHSA) patients, we sought to compare mortality and healthcare utilization by ED discharge disposition and inpatient bed request status.Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 492 patients was conducted at a single University ED. We reviewed three groups of MHSA patients including ED patients that were admitted, ED patients with a bed request that were discharged from the ED, and ED patients with no bed request that were discharged from the ED. We identified main outcomes as ED return visit, re-hospitalization and mortality within 12 months based on chart review and reference from the National Death Index.Results
The average age of patients presenting was 30.5 (SD16.4) years and 251 (51.0%) were female patients. Of these patients, 216 (43.9%) presented with mood disorder and 93 (18.9%) with self-harm. The most common reason for discharge from the ED after an admission request was placed was from stabilization of the patient (n = 138). An ED revisit within 12 months was significantly higher among patients discharged who had a bed request in place prior to departure (54.0%, p < 0.001), than those discharged from the ED (40.9%) or admitted to inpatient care (30.5%). The rate of suicide attempt and death did not show statistical significance (p = 0.55 and p = 0.88).Conclusion
MHSA patients who were discharged from ED after bed requests were placed were at greater risk for return visits to the ED. This implicates that these patients require outpatient planning to prevent further avoidable healthcare utilization. 相似文献9.
Total, phasic, and regional flow were studied in 12 open-chest dogs with aortic regurgitation. An adjustable catheter device was used to produce aortic regurgitation. Four differently labeled 7 to 9μ microspheres were injected into the left atrium during control, mild (5 to 25 per cent), moderate (25 to 50 per cent), and severe (50 to 80 per cent) regurgitation. Aortic regurgitation (AR) and the ratio of diastolic coronary blood flow to systolic coronary blood flow ( RATIO) were measured from the electromagnetic flow tracings. The simultaneous left ventricular and aortic pressures were used to calculate (diastolic pressure time index to systolic time index). Myocardial flow, flow to major subgroups, and endocardial/epicardial ratios were determined from radioisotope analysis of the left ventricle.Mean absolute control values and mean changes of key variables from control were:
The phasic coronary blood flow results in this study are similar to those reported in chronic, intact anesthetized dogs; when the degree of aortic regurgitation increased, there was a significant decrease in diastolic coronary blood flow with an increase in systolic coronary blood flow. Not previously reported are the changes in the distribution of myocardial perfusion. Total myocardial flow increased slightly. There were minimal changes in blood flow to the endocardium which resulted in a slight decrease in the ratio and a decrease in the per cent of flow to the endocardium. These results indicate that, although acute aortic regurgitation produces significant changes in phasic coronary flow, there are much smaller effects on total and regional myocardial blood flow. 相似文献
Control | Mild AR | Mod AR | Severe AR | |
Heart rate (beats/min.) | 163.42 | ?5.00 | ?4.831 | ?8.56 |
1.18 | ?0.121 | ?0.241 | ?0.561 | |
Dias/Sys ratio | 4.23 | ?0.28 | ?1.641 | ?3.311 |
Myo. flow (ml./100g./min.) | 99.90 | ?5.63 | 11.18 | 21.63 |
Endocardium (ml./100 g./min.) | 97.27 | ?5.28 | 10.26 | 7.39 |
Epicardium (ml./100 g./min.) | 100.15 | ?7.38 | 7.88 | 21.58 |
ratio | 0.99 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ?0.11 |
- 1
- Denotes significant change from control state (P = 0.05).
10.
L D Stegink R M Pitkin W A Reynolds M C Brummel L J Filer 《Metabolism: clinical and experimental》1979,28(6):669-676
The placental transfer of aspartate was tested in pregnant monkeys infused maternally with sodium aspartate. In five animals infused at 100 mg/kg/hr, maternal plasma aspartate levels increased from 0.36 ± 0.19 to 80.2 ± 11.5 μmole/dl (mean ± SD). However, fetal plasma aspartate levels increased only slightly from 0.42 ± 0.31 to 0.98 ± 0.24 μmole/dl (p = 0.02). Erythrocyte aspartate levels were unchanged in both fetal and maternal circulation. In two animals infused at 200 mg/kg/hr, maternal plasma aspartate levels increased from 0.28 and 0.31 μmole/dl to values of 141 and 237 μmole/dl, respectively. This increase produced a significant (p = 0.001) increase in fetal plasma aspartate levels from 0.53 and 0.67 to 3.3 and 4.5 μmole/dl, respectively. Maternal plasma aspartate levels in two animals infused at 400 mg/kg/hr increased from 0.5 and 0.7 μmole/dl to 400 and 750 μmole/dl, respectively, at the end of the infusion. Fetal plasma aspartate levels increased from 0.21 and 0.25 μmole/dl to 60 and 92 μmole/dl, respectively. Maternal aspartate infusion at each level increased maternal, but not fetal, plasma taurine levels. The increase in maternal taurine levels was not in proportion to the dose of aspartate infused. Aspartate metabolites, glucose, and lactate were readily transferred across the placenta. The data indicate that aspartate, like glutamate but unlike most amino acids, is not concentrated toward the fetal circulation in the pregnant primate, and suggest that a barrier to aspartate transfer exists unless maternal plasma levels are grossly elevated. 相似文献