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D. von Herrath K. Schaefer J. P. Bonjour H. Fleisch 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1972,336(3):249-262
Summary The metabolism and the organ distribution of double labelled vitamin D3 (1,2-3H-4-14C-cholecalciferol) has been studied in rats in which the bone mineralization and the intestinal calcium absorption have been inhibited by a large pose (10 mg P/kg s.c. for 7–14 days) of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP). The most striking difference found was a reduced accumulation of radioactive cholecalciferol and its metabolites in the kidney of EHDP-treated rats. It is unlikely that this effect was due to an unspecific alteration of the functional renal tissue since blood urea, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasm a flow remained unaltered by this dose of EHDP. The EHDP-treated rats were able to form the metabolite eluted with peak IV of the silicic acid chromatographic system, that is 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. In these vitamin D repleted rats fed a high calcium diet, the tritium deficient metabolite eluted with peak V (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) was only found in the intestinal mucosa of both control and EHDP groups three days after the injection of radioactive cholecalciferol, and this in a very small amount. Therefore no definitive conclusion can be drawn as to a possible interference of EHDP treatment on the production of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. The change in the renal metabolism of vitamin D in rats treated with a rachitogenic dose of EHDP may be caused by the modifications of the calcium metabolism brought about by the diphosphonate. Its relation, if any, with the decreased calcium absorption remains to be established. 相似文献
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目的:探讨重度抑郁发作患者一级亲属的执行功能与正常对照组的差异。方法:采用威斯康星分类卡片测验(Wisconsin CardSorting Test,WSCT)对30名重度抑郁发作患者的一级亲属和30名健康对照者的执行功能进行评估。结果:在WSCT测验中,重度抑郁发作患者一级亲属的持续性应答数和持续性错误数、非持续错误数、完成第一个分类所需应答数明显高于正常对照;而正确应答数、概念化水平百分比均明显低于正常对照,差异具有统计学意义。结论:重度抑郁发作患者一级亲属可能存在执行功能受损,尚需进一步更严格的研究证实。 相似文献
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Current literature is scarce on the potential effects of combined dance/movement and music therapy on adults diagnosed with severe autism, particularly in distinguishing these effects on different areas of psychopathological disorders. We set two goals: first, to assess the effectiveness based on the score the participants obtained from the Revised Clinical Scale for the Evaluation of Autistic Behavior (ECA-R) after a series of dance/movement and music therapeutic procedures on adults with severe autism; second, to contrast the differences in effectiveness in concrete areas defined by subscales of the ECA-R, especially in its defined 2 factors and 12 functions. An overall of 36 one-hour sessions were carried out during 17 weeks on a sample of 8 participants with severe autism (approximately 2 sessions per week). During the treatment 8 measurements were taken (1 every 3 weeks) from this sample and from a control sample, which was also comprised of 8 subjects who were equally monitored at the same care center by two independent psychologists. Our experimental study seems to suggest that combined dance/movement and music therapy could be effective if used regularly for the improvement of autistic symptoms in adults diagnosed with severe autism. 相似文献
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Sara Rosenblum Carmit Frisch Tsofia Deutsh-Castel Naomi Josman 《Neuropsychological rehabilitation》2013,23(3):402-418
Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often present with activities of daily living (ADL) performance deficits. This study aimed to compare the performance characteristics of children with ADHD to those of controls based on the Do-Eat assessment tool, and to establish the tool's validity. Participants were 23 children with ADHD and 24 matched controls, aged 6–9?years. In addition to the Do-Eat, the Children Activity Scale–Parent (ChAS-P) and the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were used to measure sensorimotor abilities and executive function (EF). Significant differences were found in the Do-Eat scores between children with ADHD and controls. Significant moderate correlations were found between the Do-Eat sensorimotor scores, the ChAS-P and the BRIEF scores in the ADHD group. Significant correlations were found between performance on the Do-Eat and the ChAS-P questionnaire scores, verifying the tool's ecological validity. A single discriminant function described primarily by four Do-Eat variables, correctly classified 95.5% of the study participants into their respective study groups, establishing the tool's predictive validity within this population. These preliminary findings indicate that the Do–Eat may serve as a reliable and valid tool that provides insight into the daily functioning characteristics of children with ADHD. However, further research on larger samples is indicated. 相似文献
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The thickness of posterior cortical areas is related to executive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
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Over the last decade, concern about young people and stimulant drugs has primarily focused on the use of amphetamines and ecstasy. In the United Kingdom, this concern has recently expanded to include the use of cocaine hydrochloride (powder cocaine). This study examined patterns of illicit substance use, with a particular focus on cocaine consumption, among a sample of 364 young drug users aged between 16 and 22 years. The sample was recruited using snowballing methods and respondents were interviewed in informal settings by peer interviewers. Over half the sample reported lifetime use of powder cocaine and just over 40% of these had used crack cocaine. A seven item scale was used to measure cocaine-related problems. The three most common problems endorsed by the cocaine users were impaired control, 'prioritizing spending money on cocaine over other things' and being pre-occupied with using. In a multiple regression analysis, 50% of the variance in cocaine-related problem scores was predicted by the perceived functions for cocaine use, the number of times of lifetime cocaine use and the total number of days of recent stimulant use. Use of cocaine to alleviate depressed state or negative mood was the most powerful predictor of cocaine problems. The inclusion of a functional appraisal component could be usefully incorporated in further research studies and in service assessment protocols for young people. 相似文献
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