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1.
目的:观察急性迟缓性麻痹病例(AFP)在我市的发病状况。方法:对96例急性迟缓性麻痹病人采集48h内粪便进行病毒分离,并进行个案调查与随访。结果:96例中,7例分布于城镇,89例分布于农村;格林-巴利综合征55例(57.3%)-横断性脊髓炎16例(16.6%)、神经炎11例(11.5%)、重症肌无力12例(12.5%)、与疫苗相关的脊髓灰质炎AFP病例(VAPP)2例(2.08%)。结论:防疫部门与各级医院加强合作和直接管理能及时了解发病状况。市髓灰质炎减毒疫苗(OPV)免疫工作尚存不足,宣讲教育应进一步加强。 相似文献
2.
T.-N. Wu Chen-Yang Shen Saou-Hsing Liou Guang-Yang Yang K.-N. Ko Show-Lin Chao Chao-Chun Hsu P.-Y. Chang 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1997,69(6):386-391
To monitor the lead hazards in industries and to investigate the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) in lead-exposed
workers, a lead surveillance system (PRESS-BLLs) has been established and operated in Taiwan, Republic of China, since July
1993. A cohort of lead-exposed workers who received a periodic annual health examination at 55 accredited hospital laboratories
was constructed. A total of 9807 separate BLL measurements were reported to the system in 1994. The mean BLL was 15.8 μg/dl
in male workers and 11.6 μg/dl in female workers. The mean BLL of lead-exposed workers was significantly (P<0.05, z-test) higher than that of the general Taiwanese population (8.6 μg/dl for males and 6.7 μg/dl for females). In addition,
the BLLs of 983 (10.0%) workers exceeded the regulatory action level (40 μg/dl for males; 30 μg/dl for females). The workplaces
and homes of 57% of the workers with elevated BLLs were thoroughly investigated to determine the sources of lead contamination.
These actions identified the causes of elevated BLLs and set up strategies to reduce workers’ lead exposure. The establishment
of this occupational lead surveillance system represents a method for monitoring of lead hazards from occupational and environmental
settings to prevent lead poisoning. The information acquired from the system can help in the setting up of a priority of prevention
and the development of control measures. It is also useful for further monitoring of changes in the BLLs of the lead-exposed-worker
cohort. The Health Department of Taiwan can use this information to evaluate the effectiveness of current industrial hygiene
practice. Subjects with elevated BLLs have been medically treated and placed on long-term follow-up for sequelae.
Received: 2 September 1996/Accepted: 29 November 1996 相似文献
3.
4.
自行研制了一套可以背负式的野战净水机,采用脚踏为装置提供动力,采用陶瓷膜分离及KDF-活性炭吸附联合净水工艺,产水质量符合国际及军队饮用水标准。装置体积小,重量轻,携带方便,可充分满足野战、救灾用水的需求,十分适合推广。 相似文献
5.
本文报道由我们研制的氢离子半导体传感器的性能特点,并与普通离子选择电极(玻璃电极)比较。H^+-ISFET具有体积小、取样少、快速、稳定、全固体化、不用预先活化等优点,对氢离子的敏感性也优于普通玻璃电极。本文还成功地将H^+-ISFET应用于有复杂成分并存的尿、血及其他生物材料的pH值测试,并改进胆碱酯酶活力测定方法,将H^+-ISFET应用于有机磷中毒后胆碱酯酶活力的快速定量测定。 相似文献
6.
The construction of a needle-shaped multiwire microelectrode is described. It can be made with simple mechanical tools. The presented electrode assembly consists of 12 insulated nichrome wires (core diameter 25 μm) which are embedded in epoxylite resin. The straight-cut wire tips are aligned lengthwise and have a relative spacing of 150 μm. Outer dimensions vary from 100 × 180 μm at the level of the 1st electrode channel, to 100 × 100 μm at the level of the 12th channel at the tip. The configuration of this electrode was determined by its application: the laminar analysis of evoked potentials in the cortex of the rat. However, the number of channels, the diameter of the (nichrome) wire which determines the surface area of these channels, and the channel spacing can be easily adjusted during construction to meet other experimental requirements, such as the recording of single-unit activity. The electrode which is composed of biocompatible materials is suited for the study of field potentials and multiple-unit activity, in both acute and chronic experiments, and can be used repeatedly. To demonstrate the performance of the electrode assembly, a depth profile of field potentials is presented, accompanied by the corresponding current source density distribution. The potentials were recorded in the somatosensory cortex of the rat following stimulation of the median nerve under ketamine anesthesia. 相似文献
7.
John E. Burnes David C. Kaelber Bruno Taccardi Robert L. Lux Philip R. Ershler Yoram Rudy 《Annals of biomedical engineering》1998,26(1):37-47
Mapping of bioelectric potentials over a given surface (e.g., the torso surface, the scalp) often requires interpolation of potentials into regions of missing data. Existing interpolation methods introduce significant errors when interpolating into large regions of high potential gradients, due mostly to their incompatibility with the properties of the three-dimensional (3D) potential field. In this paper, an interpolation method, inverse-forward (IF) interpolation, was developed to be consistent with Laplace's equation that governs the 3D field in the volume conductor bounded by the mapped surface. This method is evaluated in an experimental heart–torso preparation in the context of electrocardiographic body surface potential mapping. Results demonstrate that IF interpolation is able to recreate major potential features such as a potential minimum and high potential gradients within a large region of missing data. Other commonly used interpolation methods failed to reconstruct major potential features or preserve high potential gradients. An example of IF interpolation with patient data is provided to illustrate its applicability in the actual clinical setting. Application of IF interpolation in the context of noninvasive reconstruction of epicardial potentials (the inverse problem) is also examined. © 1998 Biomedical Engineering Society.
PAC98: 8710+e, 0260Ed 相似文献
8.
J. Leveteau I. Andriason P. Mac Leod 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1992,89(1):93-104
Summary Whether or not the frog olfactory neuroreceptor cells project bilaterally to the olfactory bulb is still a debated question. We therefore decided to ascertain whether bilateral projections of the primary olfactory input exist and if so to investigate their extent. Reproducible extracellular bilateral bulbar potentials were recorded in the frog following electrical stimulation of dorsal or ventral olfactory nerve bundles. The general features of the contralateral evoked responses were very similar to those of the ipsilateral response. The contralateral response disappeared after transection of the rostral part of the olfactory interbulbar adhesion but not following transection of the habenular or anterior commissures. Horseradish peroxidase labelling showed that the fiber terminations of the olfactory nerve bundle was not restricted to the ipsilateral olfactory bulb but included the medial aspects of the contralateral bulb. The intertelencephalic sections increased the magnitude of the ipsilateral evoked responses. Olfactory bulb isopotential maps revealed a rough topographical correspondence between the olfactory neuroepithelium and bulb along the medio-lateral axis as well as along the dorso-ventral axis. In addition, a projection of the medial and central part of the olfactory sac to the medial part of the contralateral olfactory bulb through the interbulbar adhesion was confirmed. These findings suggest first, that the fibers from the neuro-receptors located in either the ventral or the dorsal olfactory mucosae project to both olfactory bulbs, and second, that the left and right bulbs exert a constant inhibition on each other via the habenular commissure.Abbreviations AON
anterior olfactory nucleus
- ax
olfactory neuroreceptor axon
- BA
bulbar adhesion
- DI
latero-dorsal olfactory nerve bundle
- DII
centro-dorsal olfactory nerve bundle
- DIII
mediodorsal olfactory nerve bundle
- EPL
external plexiform layer
- GL
glomerular layer
- gl
glomerulus
- GRL
granular cell layer
- MOB
main olfactory bulb
- m
mitral cell
- MBL
mitral cell body layer
- ON
olfactory nerve
- V
lateral ventricule
- VI
latero-ventral ol-factory nerve bundle
- VII
centro-ventral olfactory nerve bundle
- VIII
medio-ventral olfactory nerve bundle
- VN
vomero-nasal nerve 相似文献
9.
W. D. Willis M. A. Weir R. D. Skinner R. N. Bryan 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1973,17(2):169-176
Summary Electrical stimulation of the sural, superficial peroneal and plantar nerves in anesthetized cats produces a sequence of potentials in the spinal cord lumbosacral enlargement. The distributions of the spinal cord dorsum negative intermediary potential (N1 wave) and of the associated field potential recorded in depth from the spinal gray matter were mapped. The N1 wave produced by the sural nerve was largest at the junction of the S1 and L7 segments, whereas that evoked by the other two nerves was maximum in L6 and L7. The field potentials recorded in depth also showed a differential distribution. The maximum negativity during phase 2, corresponding to the N1 cord dorsum potential, was found to lie laterally in the dorsal horn when the sural nerve was stimulated, but medially when the plantar nerve was activated. The superficial peroneal nerve produced its largest negative field potential in the central region of the dorsal horn. The negative field potentials from the sural and superficial peroneal nerves were not as well separated spatially from each other as they were from the potential evoked by the plantar nerve. 相似文献
10.