Dural arteriovenous malformations at the base of the anterior cranial fossa: report of nine cases

Nine men with dural arteriovenous malformations (DAVM) at the base of the anterior cranial fossa are described. Four patients had intracerebral haemorrhage and four had seizures, associated with haemorrhage in two. In three cases the fistula was an incidental finding. In five cases the diagnosis could be made before angiography, on the basis of CT findings. Angiographically, venous drainage was always seen into ascending cortical veins. Five cases demonstrated drainage via the olfactory vein into the basal vein of Rosenthal; in four this way was the principal route of drainage. Five patients underwent surgery, the therapy of choice. One fistula closed spontaneously after angiography. Two patients refused treatment and one was not treated because of his poor general condition. Because arterial supply was usually bilateral, from small branches of the ophthalmic artery, embolisation seemed to be more dangerous. Compared to dural fistulae in other locations the DAVM of the anterior cranial fossa have a higher risk of complications and should be treated even if asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis.     

Effects of ethmoidal nerve stimulation on respiration-related neurones in the dorsal medulla of the cat

Stimulation of the nasal mucosa produces a number of respiratory reflexes the afferent limb of which is provided by the ethmoidal nerve, a branch of the trigeminal nerve. In the cat this nerve terminates within the trigeminal nucleus. It has no direct projection to brainstem respiratory centres. This study examines the response of respiratory-related neurones in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) to ethmoidal stimulation. It demonstrates that these neurones show both excitatory and inhibitory responses to ethmoidal stimulation. Thus, the NTS appears to be involved in respiratory reflexes initiated by stimulation of the nasal mucosa.     

微波热凝筛前神经治疗变应性鼻炎42例观察

目的：观察微波热凝筛前神经治疗变应性算炎的效果,方法：对４２例变就生算炎患者行微波热凝治疗,结果：随访一年以上,治愈３０例（７１．４％）,显效８例（１９．１％）,有效４例（９．５％）,有效率为１００％,结论：微波热凝治疗变应性算炎疗效好,痛苦少,反应轻,无并发症,是一种理想的治疗方法。     

Benign lymphoepithelial tumor of the pituitary

Here, we report a case of lymphoepithelial tumor that developed in the sellar and suprasellar regions in a 56‐year‐old woman. The lesion was composed of abundant but benign squamous cell nests (Erdheim's nests) and heavy lymphoid tissue with well‐developed lymphoid follicles. Therefore, it mimicked tonsil or adenoid tissue, but was disorganized. We report this case to define the pathogenesis and proper diagnostic terminology of this unusual sellar and suprasellar lesion, and we assume that its origin is the infundibulum.     

筛动脉管的CT影像解剖学研究及其临床意义

目的研究筛动脉管影像解剖学特点,为功能性鼻腔内镜手术(FESS)提供参考。方法对106例患者行薄层多层CT(MSCT)横轴位螺旋扫描,图像数据传至AW4.2工作站行多层面重建(MPR)、仿真内镜(VE)重建及三维(3D)重建,对筛动脉管的显示率、位置、走行特点、与筛顶的附着关系及上下壁骨质裂缺发生率进行测量和观察。结果筛前、筛中、筛后动脉管的显示率分别为100%、42.9%、99.5%。筛前动脉管大多走行于筛泡隔板及中鼻甲基板内或两者之间的前组筛窦气房内;筛中动脉管较多走行于上鼻甲隔板及后组筛房,分别占26.4%、27.5%;筛后动脉管均走行于中鼻甲基板后,以最后筛房最为多见,占53.5%。筛前动脉管以悬吊型为主,占58.0%;筛中动脉管以隆凸型为主,占62.6%;筛后动脉管以隆凸型及隐匿性为主,分别占49.8%、46.9%。筛动脉管上下壁骨质裂缺存在普遍,并以下壁裂缺更多见。结论MSCT三维重建技术可以满意显示筛动脉管的解剖学特征,对FESS术中避免筛动脉管及其周围筛顶区域的损伤有重要的临床指导意义。     

筛孔,筛管及筛动脉的观察及临床意义

目的 探讨筛动脉在筛窦手术中的意义。方法 利用显微解剖学技术对５０个颅骨和３０个成人尸头的筛孔、筛管及筛动脉进行观察和测量。结果 筛孔可出现单孔、双孔、三孔、四孔。Ｄａｃｒｙｏｎ点至筛前、后孔及视神经管眶口的距离分别为１７．０８ｍｍ,３０．２２ｍｍ,３６．２１ｍｍ。筛管可分为隐蔽、隆凸、吊三型。结论 在筛窦手术或视神经管减压术中,正确寻找和处理筛动脉具有重要意义。     

A Case of Tumor of the Follicular Infundibulum with Sebaceous Differentiation

Tumor of the follicular infundibulum (TFI) is an uncommon benign adnexal tumor that usually presents as a solitary keratotic papule on the face or scalp of elderly patients. Histopathologically, it typically manifests as a plate-like fenestrated proliferation of monomorphic pale-staining cells. A 76-year-old male presented with about a 2 cm, well-defined, yellowish to brownish, slightly elevated, twisted and bent, interrupted, cord-like plaque on his left lower abdomen. Microscopic examination revealed a sharply demarcated plate-like proliferation of pale cells localized in the papillary dermis with multiple connections to the overlying epidermis. The histopathological features were compatible with TFI, except for foci of sebaceous differentiation. There has been one previous case report of TFI with sebaceous differentiation in the English medical literature. Herein, we report on a singular case of TFI with sebaceous differentiation.     

鼻中隔矫正和筛前神经电灼联用治疗鼻中隔偏曲伴变应性鼻炎

应用鼻中隔矫正术和（或）筛前神经电灼术治疗鼻中隔偏曲伴变应性鼻炎（ＰＡＲ）患者８６例。其中，Ａ组：２４例，用筛前神经电灼术治疗；Ｂ组：２９例，行矫正鼻中隔偏曲治疗；Ｃ组：３３例。以上述两法联合治疗。各组患者术后症状均立即停止发作，术后４周进行鼻粘膜抗原激发试验，得分均显著低于术前。术后１～２年随访，Ａ、Ｂ组都有少数病例复发，而Ｃ组无一例复发；术后５年随访Ａ、Ｂ组均有６０％的病例复发，而Ｃ组的复发率仅１２．５％。表明鼻中隔矫正术和筛前神经电灼术联用治疗鼻中隔偏曲伴ＰＡＲ，是一种较为理想的方法。